english bulldog puppies for sale in dfw

Articles Sit. Heal German Shepherd Hip Dysplasia Signs and Treatments Muscular, intelligent, and loyal, German shepherds are steadfast guardians and all-purpose workers. Highly trainable and obedient, German shepherds provide a range of services—excelling as show dogs and household companions, as well as military and search and rescue animals. Exuding confidence, this breed is royalty of the dog family. They are susceptible, however, to challenging hip and joint issues like hip dysplasia any time from puppyhood all the way through maturation. As with many large breed dogs, German shepherds are prone to canine hip dysplasia CHD , a dog skeletal condition that can be inherited or caused by a traumatic fracture or other environmental factors. CHD occurs from malformation of the ball and joint socket of one or both hips the hip joint is called the coxofemoral joint. If so, it maybe be because of breeding. The exaggerated hind leg angulation is often bred into the dog because of standards that dictate rear legs upper and lower thighs should come as close to a degree angle as possible. Along these same lines, a sloping back causes hindquarters to become more angulate and, thus, prone to lower back pain. These bent legs could point toward one of many health problems, one of which is hip dysplasia. Although irreversible, canine hip dysplasia can be monitored and treated to reduce chronic pain. According to the Orthopedic Foundation for Animals , .The progression of it and the treatment options available depend on a number of factors, including the degree of misalignment and age of the dog. CHD has a range of signs, depending on the severity of the disease and degree of looseness in the joint. The severity also ranges from mild to extreme pain—some German shepherds even have to use a wheelchair. CHD Treatment Options Dog hip dysplasia surgery for severe cases in medium to large dogs can be expensive. If invasive surgery is not the best choice for your dog, look into non-surgical, conservative management options, such as dog leg braces, physical therapy, weight control, acupuncture, anti-inflammatories, and massage therapy. Ortho Dog specializes in flexible, adjustable, and affordable dog leg braces. Additionally, leg braces for hip dysplasia may slow the progression of this chronic issue. Is a Hip Hound Brace right for your pup? Designed for dogs who suffer from arthritis and mild to moderate hip dysplasia. Below are four common disorders of the hip and joint commonly seen in this breed: Degenerative Myelopathy As a German shepherd owner, you have likely heard of the fatal, chronic, and progressive disease called degenerative myelopathy that is most prevalent in this breed. Typically apparent between the ages of , degenerative myelopathy is a neurological disorder that affects the spinal cord and muscle coordination, ultimately leading to paralysis of the back legs within months. CHD shares several symptoms with early stages of degenerative myelopathy, including difficulty rising and jumping, and progressive weakness of hind limbs. As with any signs that something may be off with your dog, contact your veterinarian for a full exam. Canine Myasthenia Gravis A rare neuromuscular disease, canine myasthenia gravis is a disorder of the signal transmission between nerves and muscles, resulting in progressive muscle weakness, and fatigue with mild exercise. This disease is not typically confused with CHD because the signs tend to show up on the face more than the hindquarters. This incorrect movement can put a strain on their hips, which causes them to walk with an irregular gait. Our Hock Holder brace offers stabilization and support to the hock to help relieve stress. Osteoarthritis Most often seen in senior dogs, osteoarthritis is the inflammation of the hip joints due to cartilage deterioration. You may notice your dog moving a bit more slowly and having trouble with stairs. With less cartilage, bones can grind against each other and cause inflammation. Much like a human wearing a wrist or hand brace for arthritis, the Ortho Dog Hip Hound brace limits the movement of the joint, which helps with the pain. This is because German Shepherds are intentionally bred to have a steeper angulation to the hind legs. The AKC breed standards for the breed, require German Shepherds to have as close to a degree bend as possible in their hind legs. Unfortunately, this steep angle in the back leg makes German Shepherds more susceptible to back pain and hind leg problems. After years of wear and tear, this makes them prone to serious leg problems as they age. For instance, studies have shown that German Shepherds are five times more likely to develop dysplasia as compared to Labradors, Rottweilers, and Golden Retrievers. A brief overview of these medical conditions: Degenerative Myelopathy Degenerative myelopathy DM is a neurological disease that makes German Shepherds slowly lose control of their hind legs. In the end, the dog may lose control of the urinary and bowel functions, and paralysis is a serious possibility. DM typically occurs in older dogs of about eight years or older, although it may also occur at a younger age. Unfortunately, there is no cure for DM. However, there are ways to reduce the suffering of your GSD because the condition progresses gradually. Therefore, treatment options for DM are geared towards ensuring a better quality of life rather than curing it. Most dogs with degenerative myelopathy will lose the function of their hind legs within six months to two years of diagnosis. Although there is no cure, regular exercise has been shown to improve the quality of life for dogs with DM. As a result, the ball of the hip joint causes pain as it glides roughly against the socket. Signs of hip dysplasia include a wobbly gait, lameness, limping, a decreased range of motion, and pain while walking. The most common causes of hip dysplasia include genetics, leg trauma, and environmental factors. In extreme cases of hip dysplasia, the dog may lose the function of their back legs and require a wheelchair. Arthritis may also occur due to the pressure exerted on the hip joint by hip dysplasia. Since GSDs are prone to hind leg weakness, they are at an increased risk for severe arthritis. Dogs with bad hips and arthritic joints may change their gait and walk lower to the ground, causing German Shepherd legs to appear even more bent. Signs of arthritis in German Shepherds include lethargy, loss of muscle mass in the hind limbs, reluctance to run, jump, or go up a flight of stairs, and stiffness in the hind legs. Prevention of osteoarthritis through proper dieting, exercising, and joint supplements helps to reduce the onset of osteoarthritis. Once osteoarthritis begins, the treatment is geared towards pain reduction, reducing inflammation, and improving the quality of life. Since osteoarthritis is difficult to detect in symptoms until the affected joints are badly affected, it is crucial to keep up with regular wellness visits with your vet. The best way to prevent these diseases is through genetic testing and following good breeding standards. This is possible by checking with your breeder for the hip score regarding hip dysplasia and proper parent matching to avoid degenerative myelopathy. Diet It works wonders for humans, and it will work for your best friend too. Since this breed is already a large-sized breed and the effects of breeding may be unpredictable, maintaining an optimal weight and observing a healthy, balanced diet is a wise precautionary measure. Some of the important dietary options to provide include ample proteins, vitamin D, vitamin K and magnesium, vitamin C, and vitamin E. You should also ensure that the dog food you buy for your German Shepherd is well-suited, with enough calcium and phosphorus for healthy bone development. Your vet may also prescribe bone and joint supplements such as glucosamine, chondroitin, green-lipped mussels, and collagen if they are required. An obese or overweight will experience increased mobility challenges. Second, regular exercise, especially walking and swimming, is important. Lastly, consult your vet on supplements or medications that may slow down the progression of DM. In any case, for these medical conditions , keep an eye out for changes in movement and contact your vet if there are any concerns. Some common symptoms that your German Shepherd may show include a wobbly walk, slipping on the floor, sitting crooked, hips giving way, swelling, lesser muscle mass in the back legs, and having a shorter stride on the hind legs. Remember that most dogs will not express pain or discomfort at first, so it is up to you to spot the symptoms if they do appear — This is especially important for degenerative conditions because when it comes to treatment, the earlier, the better! Regular exercise Regular exercising does two important things for your German Shepherd. One, it strengthens the hind and front leg muscles, and two, it helps you spot changes in the performance of the hind legs. This is the sit-to-stand routine. In this routine, you start with your dog sitting in front of you. Then, you move back a bit and call the dog to you. When he follows, give a treat to keep his interest and, once again, sit him down. Repeat as many times as needed. Taking your dog on daily walks up and down a hill especially or having swimming sessions will also strengthen the leg muscles and help in managing the weight. Hydrotherapy is especially beneficial for dogs dealing with mobility issues. Canine massage relieves fatigue and tension in the hind leg muscles and helps to spot any unrelated pain that may be a sign of something to watch out for. How to massage your dog: Compress the muscle against the bone with your flat hand using both your palms and fingers. Glide your hand along his spine, following the lay of the fur. Apply semi-circular strokes on the muscular areas of the back legs. Using a support harness Sometimes, it is crucial to moderate the pressure that your shepherd applies to the back legs when he moves about. This is where the support harness comes in. A harness helps to remove some of the stress that the dog may be feeling when taking walks, for instance, until the muscles of the back legs are strong enough to take it. The use of the harness reduces the pressure placed on the bad back legs and makes it easier for your dog to walk. Keep them at a healthy weight and ensure they get plenty of exercise. Even if your GSD is battling a degenerative illness affecting his mobility, you can explore treatment and supportive methods that will enable a good quality of life. German shepherds are known as a very resilient and strong breed. Your dog will match and appreciate any effort you put into ensuring his good quality of life. Related Articles:. The chances of bending the leg increase and the bone plates remain weak. Physical management Nowadays most people build slippery floors or marble tiles in their homes, as we all know that dogs are part of the wolf that grows mostly on the ground. Their paws or claws are designed to maintain weight. If we keep them in slippery places so there is a problem with the grip. One thing to keep in mind is that the front legs are for weight lifting, and the rear is for continuous movement. The problem of bending the leg is more noticeable in the front legs compared to the hind legs because the weight balance is controlled by the front legs. If your dog lives in a slippery or slippery area then the chances of bending the leg will increase because there will be no proper grip. Genetics The two names Osteochondrodysplasia and Osteochondrosis are usually genetic diseases, no appropriate treatment is available. Genetics refers to how information is transmitted from parents to offspring. There is no cure for these diseases however if a male or female dog is diagnosed with any of these two diseases. Such dogs should not be allowed to come into contact with others, as the disease will spread. Genetics is the main reason for the spread of these problems Causes of Front Leg Deformity in Dogs There are many potential causes for front leg deformities in dogs; some of the more common ones include: Trauma: This is most common cause; it may interfere with new cartilage production, resulting in a stoppage of bone elongation Osteochondrosis: A disturbance in the change of cartilage to bone; the cause of this disease is not completely understood, however, it is thought to have genetic, nutritional, and traumatic components Elbow malalignment syndrome: It tends to occur in chondrodysplastic breeds e. Diagnosis of Front Leg Deformity in Dogs With front leg deformity, the diagnosis method is similar in many cases. The veterinarian will need to take radiographs in order to diagnose the extent of the deformity, to see the extent of the hyperextension, or to assess the damage to ligaments. Checking for broken bones will also be part of the x-ray process. Your dog may need to be sedated or put under general anesthesia for the radiographs. If additional imaging is necessary, as is sometimes the case when more detail or better clarity is required, a CT scan or MRI may be performed. In the situation of elbow dysplasia, a technique called an arthroscopy is used to diagnose joint problems. Done under general anesthesia, this procedure allows the veterinary surgeon to view the inside of the joint. With this technique, correction of the problem is sometimes possible while in the exploratory stage. Blood tests may be performed to check for nutritional deficiencies. In the case of malnutrition, puppies should be fed a sufficient amount of nutrients such as vitamins A, B, C, D3. Similarly, there should be a close examination of excess or overdosing and suckling puppies. Heavy exercise or running should be reduced during the growing phase from 1 to 12 weeks because the bones grow at a faster rate, as it puts more pressure on the front and hind legs which increases the chances of bending. It is therefore suggested that their exercise and long walks should be reduced from 1 to 12 weeks old and kept at home when this period is over you can give them proper exercise, as the growth rate is not so fast as stress on the bone plates, the bones are reduced and the legs will not bend. In this case, if bending continues for pups for 6 to 9 months, surgical management is necessary because the bones become harder as a result of the calculation. But if the age is close to 4 to 5 months, it can be treated without surgical intervention, as we know that bones are soft during this time and can be easily treated using the compressive force, while the addition of certain cartilage protection such as glucosamine and chondroitin can also help to control this. Sometimes in puppies, the balance of calcium-phosphorus is disturbed because malnutrition occurs and causes the legs to bend. Bending the legs can also be reduced if the dog or even the puppy is allowed to stay in the rugged terrain, especially these days when all the marble tiles are built and preferred in homes, so dogs and puppies should not walk and run because they are slippery and can not hold these dogs. If you want to solve this problem choose a place in your house that is rough and put in the ground so that your dog does not slip, so also avoid being chained which means do not tie your puppy with a chain. It is one of the main causes of dog leg bending. Evan calcium syrups are available at pet stores or medical stores. If your dog did not have this issue, you can give him calcium that will prevent bending problems in the future. Another reason for the lag problem is a lack of proper exercise, due to which dog can not walk or run, so if your dog has this problem give proper exercises such as running and walking slowly and when conditions get better, the problem will do with the contempt it begins to heal. Treatment of Front Leg Deformity in Dogs Treatment of the deformity will depend on the cause and the extent of the problem. The goal is always to correct the position and length of the limb and regain comfortable joint movement. Of course, preventing further complications that can be secondary to the deformity is of utmost importance, too. The treatment protocol may involve diet, surgery, splints or physical therapy. For example: Antebrachial Growth Deformity Corrective surgery will be done, conducive to stabilizing the limb with external or internal braces or framework. Sometimes cutting the bone, with the goal of realignment or equalizing bone length, is a success. Carpal Hyperextension The use of veterinary applied support splints, bandages, and physiotherapy can bring resolution. In some cases, the complete or partial fusion of the carpus is necessary. A procedure called arthrodesis is done to fuse the forelimb and paw using internal plates and screws. Retained Ulnar Cartilage Cores This deformity is treated with diet change. Adherence to a complete and balanced diet, with the removal of excess supplementation can have a favorable outcome. Other treatments for front leg deformity include removal of part of a bone or plate. Some severe cases of front leg deformity will require complete amputation of the limb. It should be noted that most dogs can function very well on three legs. Recovery of Front Leg Deformity in Dogs The prognosis for a dog with front leg deformity can be good; however, there can be some obstacles to face during a surgical recovery period: Risk of infection around the implants Breakage of the surgical repair screws, etc. Poor bone healing You may find that there is a need for an Elizabethan collar to prevent your dog from licking the surgical site. The veterinarian will be able to provide this for you if required. Many dogs, as they recover from surgery, have a lack of appetite. This should be of no concern for a day or two. If your pet still has no interest in food, try softening it and warming it up to increase palatability. Constipation is often a post-surgery complication; you can expect limited bowel movements for a few days simply due to the fact that your dog did not consume much food before and after the operation. Some medication for pain and inflammation may cause constipation as well. If you are concerned, contact the veterinarian for advice. Vomiting can occur for a period of time after the surgery. As dogs recover from the anesthesia, they can experience nausea. Allow your pet plenty of rest and quiet time to recover from the stress and fatigue of a surgical intervention. As always, let the veterinarian know how your pet is doing, and do not hesitate to contact the clinic with any questions or concerns. Early Detection and Prevention is Key The problem with bowed legs is that your baby is growing faster than your diet is allowing. Put on adult diet not puppy food and wean. Some large breeds are still nursing at this five to 12 week stage, and milk is all calcium! A maintenance diet or giant breed diet will not push growth. Limit the protein and slow the scaffolding growth slightly until we catch up. Limit exercise until bone is hardened as you want the bone to heal straight, not crooked. Pressure from romping and running bows the long bone while soft. Usually one week does it. Reference-on request.

Their coat is distinctively different from even the lightest fawn colors, being almost white with a bit of yellow in it. Cream Frenchies have no markings on any part of their bodies, so it is considered a solid color. Their nose, lips, and paw pads may be pink or a somewhat darker almost black color, and in rare cases, they may have forever blue eyes. When it comes to grooming and care, Cream French Bulldogs are relatively low-maintenance. Like all French Bulldogs, Cream Frenchies are known for their affectionate and playful nature. They are excellent companions for families, couples, and individuals alike, and are especially good with children. Training Cream French Bulldogs can be a breeze if you use positive reinforcement methods. These dogs are intelligent and eager to please, and they respond well to rewards-based training. Socialization is also important, as with any breed, to ensure that your Cream Frenchie is friendly and well-behaved around other dogs and people. Always do your research and choose a reputable breeder who prioritizes the health and well-being of their dogs. While the price of a Cream French Bulldog may be steep, the joy and love they bring to your life are priceless. Why should you buy from a responsible breeder? Buying a Cream French Bulldog from a responsible breeder is important for several reasons. Firstly, responsible breeders like Tomkings Puppies prioritize the health and well-being of their dogs. We perform health checks and genetic testing to ensure that our breeding dogs are free of any genetic diseases or health issues that could be passed down to their offspring. We also provide proper care, socialization, and training to our puppies, which can help prevent behavioral issues in the future. Secondly, responsible breeders have a deep understanding of the breed and are knowledgeable about its unique traits and characteristics. We provide valuable advice and guidance to new owners, which can help ensure that the dog is well-cared for and happy in its new home. Lastly, buying from a responsible breeder helps to support ethical breeding practices and discourage puppy mills and other forms of unethical breeding. Puppy mills prioritize profit over the health and well-being of their dogs and often subject them to inhumane living conditions. By choosing a responsible breeder like Tomkings, you can help support ethical breeding practices and contribute to the betterment of the breed. Overall, buying a Cream French Bulldog from a responsible breeder is not only a responsible decision, but it can also help ensure that you have a happy and healthy companion for many years to come. We are knowledgeable about the unique traits and characteristics of French Bulldogs and can provide valuable advice and guidance to new owners. We also have a strong reputation within the French Bulldog community and have received positive reviews from many satisfied customers. Tomkings is committed to responsible breeding practices We are dedicated to producing high-quality French Bulldogs with desirable traits and characteristics. We carefully select our breeding dogs based on health, temperament, and conformation to breed standards. We also prioritize proper socialization and training for our puppies to ensure that they are well-adjusted and ready for their new homes. TomKings offers a health guarantee and lifetime support to their puppy owners We offer a one-year health guarantee on all of our puppies. This can help provide peace of mind to new owners. We also offer lifetime support to new puppy owners, which includes advice and guidance on training, behavior, and other issues related to owning a French Bulldog. Me What is a Beige French Bulldog? Beige French Bulldogs are a popular breed of dog that has a distinctive, muscular build and a unique, adorable appearance. Beige French Bulldogs are a variation of the French Bulldog breed, with a coat that is a warm, light tan color. The color beige in Frenchies is very similar to red. This color is also referred to as fawn and can range from pale cream to a deeper, reddish-brown hue. Beige French Bulldogs usually have a black mask but can also be maskless. The beige coat is usually solid, without any markings or patterns. They have a distinctive appearance French Bulldogs have a distinctive appearance with their large, square-shaped heads, short, wrinkled snouts, and upright ears. They are small dogs, typically weighing between 16 and 28 pounds and standing between 11 and 12 inches tall at the shoulder. Frenchies have a short, smooth coat that comes in a variety of colors, including fawn, brindle, white, and black. They are social and playful French Bulldogs are social dogs that love to be around people. They are known for their outgoing personalities and their love for playtime. They make great family pets, as they are good with children and other animals. They are intelligent and easy to train French Bulldogs are intelligent dogs that are generally easy to train. They respond well to positive reinforcement techniques, such as praise and rewards, and they enjoy spending time with their owners. With proper training and socialization, French Bulldogs can learn to be well-behaved and obedient pets. A short walk or playtime in the backyard is usually enough to keep them happy and healthy. They can be stubborn French Bulldogs can be stubborn at times, and they may not always listen to commands. Frenchies respond well to praise and rewards, and they enjoy spending time with their owners. With patience and consistency, Frenchies can make great pets for those who are willing to put in the effort to train and care for them. Why should you buy your Frenchie from TomKings Kennel? We pride ourselves on having the highest breeding standards and a dedicated team of livestock experts who carefully select genetically outstanding parents for breeding. Our French Bulldog puppies are raised in a kennel-free environment, which allows them to develop strong musculature, great immune systems, and good manners. We believe that socialization is key to producing happy and well-behaved dogs, and our puppies receive plenty of love and attention from our experienced staff. We take great care to ensure that our puppies are healthy, well-adjusted, and ready to become lifelong companions to their new owners. We provide ongoing vet support to all of our TomKings owners, so you always have a reliable resource to turn to if your little mischief-maker gets into trouble. We want our puppies to thrive in their new homes, and we are always happy to answer questions and provide guidance to ensure that they receive the best care possible. All Fawn Frenchies have a fairly uniform coloring although some of the lighter tan Frenchies often have darker tinting on their backs and heads and fawn Frenchies do not have any brindling. Stoic is a gorgeous red fawn boy look at that head. Click on pictures to enlarge and to view full images. Astrid now known as Honey is a beautiful light fawn in which we proudly co-own with family. Jordan is an adorable medium colored fawn that is like a golden color. Shaq is a beautiful light fawn. Tyler is a stunning red fawn. Bracken is a beautiful red fawn female. Trenton is an adorable golden fawn color boy. Click on pictures to enlarge and to view full images of Hope. Porky is a precious red fawn boy. Look at all those yummy rolls! Click on pictures to enlarge and to view full images of Porky. Buckwheat is such a sweet little fawn boy. He has a very short back like his daddy, Little Rascal. Click on pictures to enlarge and to view full images of Buckwheat. Kennedy is a beautiful red fawn girl who looks so much like her handsome daddy, Rascal, and has his nice short body as well. Click on pictures to enlarge and to view full images of Kennedy.

This way you know that you are getting the right information from them. They are noisy. Bull-Peis will snore and bark. They require a lot of food. The majority of Bull-Peis will get along quite well with children because of their English Bulldog part of the breed. Every interaction with little children needs to be supervised as this breed is very powerful. They are also likely to chase smaller pets in the household rather than another dog. A Bull-Pei is often fairly simple to train, even though some are more difficult and stubborn. While training, be consistent, patient, and firm. Training your Bull-Pei using positivity, praise, and rewards will be very effective. Are These Dogs Good for Families? They will play with the children and be loving and affectionate with them. They are also protective and will act to keep children safe. Make sure that you are socializing your Bull-Pei early. Before you bring your new puppy home, we want to let you know what you should expect from your new four-legged pal. This will help the transition be a lot easier for you and for your new dog. This will all help them to make the right recommendation for your Bull-Pei.

Prevalence: Common Boxers are stocky, muscular and powerful. Males grow to about 25 inches and weigh from about 65 to 80 pounds 30 to 36 kilograms ; females grow from about 21 to 25 inches and weigh from about 50 to 65 pounds 22 to 30 kilograms. Boxers have regal, distinctly shaped square heads. Their jaw is undershot and the muzzle blunt. They have a broad, deep chest and a relatively short, strong back. Boxer's ears fold over naturally, but traditionally, their ears have been cropped to stand erect. Their tails generally are docked and carried high. Their feet are compact and the toes are arched. The boxer's coat is short and sheds moderately. Some boxers are a rich, fawn color and others are brindle. Their face or mask is usually black, but many have white face markings and white on the chest and paws. Personality: Boxers are intelligent, high-energy, playful dogs that like to stay busy. Their temperament reflects their breeding. They prefer to be in the company of their owners and are loyal pets that will fiercely guard their family and home against strangers. Few boxers bark excessively. If a boxer barks, chances are there is a good reason. Many boxers are vocal, however, and make a growling noise that's really just the dog's way of talking. Living With: The boxer has a high need for companionship and exercise. If these needs are not met, boxers can be destructive if left alone in the house. Boxers are ideal for people who want a canine companion with them most of the time or for larger busy families with homes that are often occupied by someone. They can do well on a country estate or in a city apartment as long as they have the opportunity to romp and expel energy. If you live in an urban area, regular walks are necessary. Boxers are intolerant of hot weather, and care must be taken to prevent them from getting overheated. They also need protection from the cold since they are short-coated. Their coats, however, are very easy to care for and will be shiny and bright as long as they have a good diet, are bathed occasionally, and are given regular rub-downs with a grooming mitt or brushings with a rubber curry. Some boxers drool excessively, and some snort and snore. Like other larger dogs, boxers are not particularly long-lived. Their life expectancy ranges from about seven to 10 years. History: Boxers are descendants of extinct bullenbaiser breeds crossed with mastiff, bulldog and possibly Great Dane and even a terrier. They were developed in Germany in the 19th century, initially as bull baiting dogs and later as butcher's helpers, controlling cattle in slaughterhouses. Some breed historians say boxers are named from the German word boxl, their slaughterhouse designation. Other fanciers contend the name boxer comes from the characteristic way that they use their forepaws to play, sparring much like a human boxer. After the breed rose to become among the most popular in America. Boxers are considered working dogs. They were one of the first breeds employed as a police dog, and they have been used as seeing-eye dogs. But they are also bred to be companion and guard dogs, perhaps best known for being loyal family pets that are especially fond of children. Related Pet Care Articles. Either in 1st generation or even several generations out. Here we will discuss some ways to know. Appearance The most obvious sign that a dog is not a purebred is when something about their appearance seems 'off'. Now with this being said, one must allow for various deviations that can occur even with purebred Boxers with strong bloodlines. One element is the ears.Cropping is a choice that owners make and therefore there are plenty of quality Boxers that have larger, floppy ears. This practice is also not legal in many countries. Another element will be the tail. As with cropping, tail docking is an elected procedure and not legal in many countries. Most breeders in the United States and in other countries in which this practice of docking is legal, will have this done when a newborn is between weeks of age. Some will opt to not have this done, thus leading to purebred Boxers that have longer, swinging tails. Size is a hot topic regarding this breed. Being one of the largest of the "medium" breeds, the size of purebred Boxers can vary quite a bit. Gender plays a role.Still, there may be other differences in appearance which cannot be explained by the above variances. When this is the case, one may want proof. When purchased from an experienced breeder, you can and should ask to see all paperwork.The papers should show at least 5 generations back, letting you see that the sire and dam, their parents, their grandparents, and so on are all purebreds. You should be given papers when you buy your Boxer puppy. In some cases, you will be given limited registration.This is a normal practice and simply means that you do not have the right to bred. If you do not have papers but want to know if your Boxer is a purebred, you may certainly inspect your Boxer dog to see if he or she meets the AKC dog breed standards, however this will not give you solid proof by any means. DNA does not lie. Genetic markers in the DNA will prove if a Boxer is purebred or not. How is this done? In some cases, a blood sample will be taken; however the majority of the test are done with saliva samples from the dog. How long does it take for the results? Results are given in about weeks in most cases. Will this prove that my Boxer is a purebred and then I can register him? Yes and no. The DNA test will prove if your Boxer is a purebred but with most dog clubs, the DNA test alone will not allow you to register your dog without papers. Many dog clubs if given the DNA results, will however use Limited Privilege Registration to allow you to enter your Boxer dog into agility and sporting events. Depending on where you live, some dog clubs will allow your Boxer to be registered as a purebred if you show pictures of the dog which show conformance and you have witnesses sign a notarized letter that the Boxer is thought to be purebred. How long do Boxer dogs live - This section discusses the leading causes of death among this breed and steps that you can take to help your Boxer live as long as possible. Boxer dog looks skinny - There is a phase that may occur from the 14 to 22 month mark during which time the Boxer may appear to be too lean. Life Span Did You Know? The Boxer is one of the most popular dog breeds in the United States. It has been recognized by the AKC since .Although the Boxer dog breed originated in Germany, their ancient ancestry can be traced back to the Assyrian empire war dogs of BC. The modern Boxer breed we know and love today was originally developed in Germany in the late s. English-bred Bulldogs and the Bullenbesiier were crossed to create an energetic and agile hunting dog to chase wild game. The Boxer is a popular family companion and a versatile working dog. As a member of the Working Group, Boxers can be found competing in dog sports like agility, obedience, and herding. They also make great service and assistance dogs, as well as therapy dogs, and can be found working as search and rescue dogs, drug detection dogs, police dogs, and military dogs. The Boxer is a muscular and energetic dog that tends to have a happy, friendly disposition. They bond closely with their families and tend to get along well with children and other dogs. They can even do well with other pets despite their high prey drive if they are socialized and trained with them. As long as they are well-socialized, Boxers are generally upbeat, playful, and friendly. Although they have a natural instinct to protect their family from unwanted visitors, they do tend to warm up once introduced and are happy to make a new friend. They can be prone to barking a lot if you do not work on socialization and training your dog to stop barking early on. Boxers can be highly adaptable dogs. Although they have a lot of energy and are better suited to homes with yards where they can run, they can adapt to apartment living as long as they get the daily exercise, attention, and mental stimulation they need. As with any non-arctic dog breed, they are sensitive to very cold temperatures. Boxers are also a brachycephalic breed, which means they are even more sensitive to heat than other dogs. A Boxer is also one of the most affectionate dog breeds. Because they bond so closely with their families and get bored easily, they should not be left alone for long periods of time. Potential health conditions to be aware of in a Boxer include hip dysplasia, degenerative myelopathy, thyroid issues , and heart conditions like aortic stenosis and cardiomyopathy. Good breeding practices make a big difference and reputable breeders will screen their dogs to avoid passing preventable issues to puppies. So, make sure you are asking the breeder about the health and genetic history of the parents and about any health tests that have been done. Boxers are intelligent dogs that are eager to please their owners. Despite their energetic personality, they are one of the best dog breeds for first-time owners and are highly trainable dogs. They tend to excel at almost any task put before them! Because of their open, friendly nature and high energy, they have a tendency to jump up at people in excitement and playfulness. Since they grow into powerful dogs, you will want to make sure you train your dog not to jump up. Boxers have smooth and short coats that will shed a little year-round and require minimal grooming. A brush-down once or twice a week and the occasional bath as needed will keep their short coat healthy and looking great. Nail trims once or twice a month are usually enough to keep nails from growing too long. Checking ears weekly and carefully cleaning as needed can help prevent ear infections. Checking and wiping their facial wrinkles weekly or a few times a week if your dog is prone to getting into things can help keep their wrinkles clean and free of irritation. Dental diseases, like gum disease, are the most common health issues in older dogs because dental care is often overlooked; and, it can lead to other serious health issues. Brushing daily, plus cleanings at the vet when needed, is ideal. The Boxer is a high-energy dog breed that needs plenty of daily exercise to stay happy and healthy. Due to their high prey drive and urge to chase, they should only be let off-leash in secure areas. Boxers tend to get bored with repetition, are excellent problem solvers, and are naturally exuberant. A fully-grown Boxer usually stands inches tall at the shoulder and weighs pounds. Boxers generally live years on average. In Germany, the Boxer was one of the first dog breeds chosen for police training. Featured Boxer Article. The contractual agreement between you and the breeder Agreement made to not breed the dog in the future Agreement made to not enter it into competitions No restrictions on the Boxer puppy Read on to see why these factors affect the price of Boxer puppies. Reputation Of The Breeder Breeders spend a lot of time and money to build up their reputation as trustworthy Boxer breeders. The more renowned a breeder is, the more they are able to charge for their dogs. However, some puppy mills and backyard breeders will shoot up their prices to appear to be reputable breeders. Therefore, you should go through a trusted association to find a reputable breeder. Do not be fooled by good advertising. The individual Boxer puppy you want to purchase must have its own papers that document its registration with the American Kennel Club. These papers cost money and will increase the price of your Boxer puppy slightly. This is important because pedigree changes the price of the Boxer puppy; I will discuss this next! Pedigree is important when it comes to determining what your Boxer puppy will look like, its temperament, and the chance of it developing genetic issues in the future as it grows up. Determining who the dam and sire of your Boxer puppy are is important in determining price. If your Boxer puppy has a champion sire or dam, then the price of the puppy will increase significantly. Champion heritage drives the price of the Boxer puppy up because the buyer is almost guaranteed to get a perfect specimen of what a Boxer should be and has a better chance at winning competitions with their Boxer puppy when it grows up. The breed, unfortunately, suffers from hip dysplasia, cardiovascular myopathy, severe arthritis, degenerative myelopathy, several cancers, and aortic valve disease. The American Kennel Club recommends that all of these tests, including thyroid screening, elbow evaluations, and certain DNA tests are all done to produce a long-term prognosis so effective preventative care can be carried out from day one. If a Boxer puppy has any health concerns, then their price will decrease, and they will often be sold for a couple of hundred dollars or so depending on the specific health issues they have. As medium-sized dogs, Boxers can leave their mothers safely at eight weeks. Many people who want to compete with their boxers will wait until the Boxer puppy is six to eight months old before purchasing them. During this time, the breeder will invest in behavioral training. When the Boxer puppy is six to eight months old, the breeder will also be able to give you a better idea of their temperament and their adult markings and ultimate size. As a result, these puppies will be much more expensive than the younger ones. Boxers will stand at 23 to 25 inches tall if they are male and .They have tall, regal-looking shoulders that slope down gently to a smaller set of hips. Their heads are quite square and are characterized by their wrinkles that make them appear confused but curious! Boxers that meet the breed standard are a fawn or brindle color with white markings on their chests, bellies, inner legs, and faces. However, the white markings may not be more than a third of their entire body. If your Boxer puppy meets the breed standard, then their price will increase because they can be used for competitions. However, if they do not meet the breed standard, then their price will be decreased, as this is seen as undesirable from a competition standpoint. The first agreement will prevent you from further breeding your Boxer puppy. The second agreement will prevent you from entering your Boxer puppy into any competitions. Both contacts will decrease the price of your Boxer puppy, as they place restrictions on what you can and cannot do with your puppy as it grows up. There are many other costs associated with owning a Boxer! One-Time Bring Home Costs There are a number of things you will need to purchase before you even pick up your Boxer puppy to make them feel more comfortable and happy in their new home! Fortunately, a lot of these items only need to be purchased once or twice, like food bowls and crates, for example. Here is a list of some of the vital things you need:.

By Barri J. Morrison, DVM on Jun. Today, the German Shepherd is one of the most popular dog breed in the United States. They are in the herding breed group, which means they are high-energy and love having a job or an outlet for regular exercise. They are known for their confidence, loyalty, and bravery, as well as their ability to thrive with expert levels of dog training and obedience. German Shepherds are commonly used as working dogs in the military and police for patrolling, bomb sniffing, and search and rescue. This large dog breed has an average weight ranging from 65—90 pounds. They are typically 22—26 inches tall with a life expectancy of 10—12 years. Caring for a German Shepherd German Shepherds are incredibly active dogs that require intense training and regular exercise to keep them out of trouble physically and mentally. They are best for active families and experienced pet parents. Socialization and consistent training will be essential when a German Shepherd is a puppy. This will help them to grow out of unruly behaviors such as nipping and jumping. German Shepherds have a double coat that sheds a lot. They will also typically go through a molting, which is a period of excessive shedding, one to two times a year. German Shepherd Health Issues While German Shepherds have a long life expectancy for a large breed dog, they are prone to several health problems. A trustworthy breeder will screen both male and female dogs being bred for health conditions such as degenerative myelopathy and hip and elbow dysplasia. German Shepherds commonly also get gastric dilation and volvulus GDV , commonly known as bloat, as well as cancer, allergies, heart disease, and a few other conditions. Pet parents of German Shepherds should be highly educated on the symptoms to look for, as early detection is the key to a good prognosis for any serious condition. Degenerative Myelopathy Degenerative myelopathy is a neurologic disorder that affects the spinal cord, slowly causing paralysis of the back legs. Early signs of degenerative myelopathy include weakness in the hind end and difficulty standing up. Watch your dog carefully for signs of pain and discomfort that come on gradually rather than suddenly. Check their claws at least once a month to watch for signs of uneven wear which would indicate a subtle lameness. There is no treatment for this condition, but physical therapy can help strengthen muscles and protect their ability to use their legs. While there is no cure, you can test for this condition using a DNA-based blood test submitted to the University of Florida or the University of Missouri. Elbow and Hip Dysplasia Elbow dysplasia is a degenerative joint disease that can cause lifelong pain in the front limbs. Hip dysplasia is another degenerative joint disease that affects the hind end. Clinical signs include limping, decreased range of motion, and other signs of pain—especially later in life, as arthritis sets in because of this disease process. The treatment for all degenerative joint diseases includes weight loss, reduced activity, joint protection supplements, anti-inflammatory and pain medications, or surgery. Cancer Cancer can develop in German Shepherds at any age, but usually occurs later in life. Common cancers include hemangiosarcoma and bone, lung, and intestinal cancers. Hemangiosarcoma is a malignant tumor that is most often detected in blood-rich organs such as the spleen and the heart. The signs of hemangiosarcoma are usually related to internal bleeding, with symptoms such as weakness, white or pale gums, trouble breathing, a distended abdomen, and collapse. Other signs are usually nonspecific and indicate overall malaise, including lethargy, panting, anorexia, vomiting, diarrhea, or weight loss. Depending on the extent of the cancer, treatment plans can include chemotherapy, radiation, or surgery. Bloat Gastric Dilation and Volvulus Bloat, or gastric dilation and volvulus GDV is a sudden life-threatening condition when the stomach enlarges with gas bloat and then twists upon itself GDV. This happens commonly in deep-chested, large-breed dogs such as German Shepherds. To limit the risk of GDV, German Shepherds should wait at least 30 minutes to one hour after eating to resume exercising. Another way to help prevent your German Shepherd from developing a life-threatening GDV would be via gastropexy. A gastropexy permanently attaches the stomach to the inside body wall. This fixation of the stomach prevents the stomach from being able to twist upon itself. Allergies Allergies in German Shepherds can be first seen with symptoms such as itchy skin, skin infections , ear infections , or digestive upset such as vomiting, diarrhea, or weight loss. A thorough medical history and physical examination, diagnostic testing of skin and ears, blood work, and fecal tests are warranted if you suspect that your dog has allergies. Allergies in dogs can be treated by avoiding the cause and the allergen and managing the symptoms that exist with diet therapy and medications. Heart Disease Heart disease, specifically DCM dilated cardiomyopathy , valvular disease, and heart murmurs, can be common in German Shepherds. A special diet should also be considered to restrict sodium intake and to increase the amount of certain amino acids to promote heart health. Dogs with significant heart disease should not be pushed to exercise beyond their limits. Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency EPI Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency EPI is a digestive health issue that occurs when the cells of the pancreas do not produce enzymes and hormones normally. The most common symptom is weight loss, despite your pet having a ravenous appetite. Other symptoms of EPI include soft stool or diarrhea; excessive gas; desire to eat feces and other unusual objects; flaky skin; or rough coat. Once the pancreas is damaged to the point that symptoms of EPI develop, you must give your dog pancreatic enzyme supplements and other treatments for the rest of their life. Nevertheless, with proper management, your dog can still live a happy life with this condition. Pannus Pannus, or superficial keratitis, is an immune-mediated painful eye condition that can cause blindness if not managed properly. It occurs more often in dogs that live at high altitudes, those with increased exposure to UV light, and in areas with severe air pollution. Keeping dogs indoors during the sunniest part of the day, providing a doghouse shelter, or trying a specialty pair of doggie sunglasses like Rex Specs may prove very helpful in preventing this issue. Most of these conditions have a genetic component and can be avoid by good breeding and preventive screening practices. They require a high-quality, age-appropriate diet to meet their nutritional needs. These diets are usually labeled puppy, adult, or senior. Offering table food and animal bones should be avoided, as they can cause stomach upset, vomiting, diarrhea, and anorexia, and they also have a much higher fat content than dog food. High-fat foods can also cause pancreatitis. How Much to Feed a German Shepherd In general, puppies should be fed 3—4 times per day and adult dogs should be fed twice a day. How much you feed is determined by the specific food your German Shepherd eats. You can ask your veterinarian, follow the package instructions, or contact the dog food manufacturer, as AAFCO-approved diets have veterinary nutritionists who help determine these requirements. There are some theories that German Shepherds that are fed smaller, more frequent meals have a lower incidence of bloat and stomach problems. How to Feed a German Shepherd Although there is a genetic component, science shows that rapid long bone growth in puppies such as German Shepherds and other large- and giant-breed dogs contributes to development of joint and bone conditions. Rapid bone growth is suspected to be caused by overfeeding and calcium supplementation. German Shepherds that are fed free-choice or overfed are at higher risk of rapid bone growth. Maintaining lean body weight will also help to decrease the rate of bone growth. Calcium supplements and adult dog foods rich in calcium should never be given to German Shepherd puppies under 6 months of age, as they cannot absorb calcium appropriately when they are that young. Conditions caused by rapid long bone growth and excess calcium supplementation can include: Hip and elbow dysplasia Osteochondrosis dissecans of the shoulder, knee, wrists, and ankles. This is improper growth and blood supply in a joint, which requires surgery to prevent osteoarthritis from developing. Hypertrophic osteodystrophy HOD. This is inflammation of the bone under the growth plate; it can cause severe joint swelling, pain, fever, anorexia, lameness, and not wanting to move. This is an inflammation of the long bones and associated blood vessels. Joint swelling is uncommon, but the symptoms are similar to HOD. MSM has all-natural anti-inflammatory properties. Omega-3 fatty acids high-quality fish oil are thought to have anti-inflammatory properties as well when given at appropriate doses. Research shows that reducing inflammation helps to control pain associated with osteoarthritis , which is a common problem in dogs with joint issues. Probiotics Probiotics such as Purina Calming Care can be helpful not just for digestive issues, but with minor behavioral issues as well. Digestive enzymes come in powdered form to assist dogs who have pancreatic issues, such as German Shepherds with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. Other vitamin and mineral supplements are generally not needed for healthy puppies and adults, as they get all they need from their AAFCO-approved diet daily. The breed is considered to be smart and easy to train. They are known to be gentle family dogs and loyal protectors of those they trust. This loyalty can make German Shepherds seem more standoffish around strangers. It does take them some time to gain the trust of other people and other pets. German Shepherds are a very active and athletic breed that require a ton of exercise for both their physical and mental health. Without exercise they will develop unfavorable behaviors, due to irritation and pent-up energy. Controlled leash walks and supervised free play in safe, fenced-in areas should be started when they are puppies. Keeping a German Shepherd on a leash at all times when in public places is a good rule of thumb, as even the most well-trained dog can be distracted and not follow regular commands, leading to a possible confrontation. These results should be provided to a pet parent by the breeder of the German Shepherd before the dog is purchased. Not all temperament and behavioral issues are evident in a growing puppy, and it is impossible to predict whether a dog will be free of these problems. Find a trustworthy breeder who is committed to breeding the healthiest animals possible. German Shepherd Behavior German Shepherds, like other herding dogs, tend to be on the nippy side. They have very powerful jaws, and unfortunately, they frequently bite. Most aggressive German Shepherds are aggressive because of their owners. The German Shepherd dog is a pack animal. They need you to be the leader of the pack, providing structure and guidance. The key to success is consistency and practice; you will get the behavior you reward. German Shepherds from working lines have an extremely strong drive to work and may be more dog than most people can or want to handle. German Shepherds are very smart companions and exceptional workers. This helps you build the right foundation for your puppy to evolve into a well-adapted and well-mannered adult dog. Conversely, when your dog barks at you to pet them, do not start petting them until they sit down and quietly wait for you to do so. Soon they will learn that they get what they desire without the excessive, unnecessary behavior. German Shepherds thrive on consistency, positive reinforcement, and a reward system, such as a treats or toys to help strengthen the human-animal bond. They become very bonded to all members of the family and will be willing to participate in many family activities. Fun Activities for German Shepherd Herding. Jul 22, Share We view German Shepherds as intelligent, loyal, and brave dogs who can take on even the toughest of tasks. But like all other dogs, German Shepherds have their fair share of health issues that slowly arise as they start to age. The genes get passed on from litter to litter and is rather painful since it is a malformation in the hip joint. Image Credit: makeitclear, Pixabay 2. Elbow Dysplasia Like hip dysplasia, elbow dysplasia affects many larger dog breeds from a line of poorly bred ancestors. Instead of the issue with the hip, the same problem occurs in the elbows, and it can vary from mild to severe symptoms. It usually makes it uncomfortable to walk and, unfortunately, not much can be done once a dog is diagnosed. Gastric Dilatation-Volvulus GDV Also called bloat , GDV is a serious issue that occurs when dogs eat food too quickly and then participate in too much physical activity. The gas builds up in the stomach and the pressure from the bloating makes it difficult for dogs to breathe. Some dogs go into shock or eat grass to try to vomit. This is a life-threatening condition, and your dogs should be taken to the vet immediately if you think they might have it. Try to feed your German Shepherds three small meals a day to prevent the problem. The signs for diabetes include dry mouth, fatigue, excessive eating and urinating, and swollen feet. Image Credit: Flashieeh, Shutterstock 5. Epilepsy German Shepherds are known for having seizure disorders. Even though epilepsy is incurable, there are many ways to help prevent the symptoms. Hemophilia Hemophilia has occurred in German Shepherds due to a long line of inbreeding. Even the smallest of cuts can be serious for a dog. This disease is more common in German Shepherds than many other dog breeds, so be careful when out exercising with them. Cataracts Another health issue that your German Shepherd might get as they age is cataracts. This issue is usually easy to tell when it is happening because you start to see that their eyes look a little more cloudy or they start running into things more often. If they progress, it becomes challenging for dogs to see anything at all. Image Credit: Pauline Loroy, Unsplash 8. Degenerative Disc Disease is common in large animals, but it can even start to manifest when the dogs are still young. A lot of breeders try to avoid this issue. Get your German Shepherd checked for spinal abnormalities from when they are puppies to keep this in check. Panosteitis German Shepherds grow very quickly and sometimes limp a lot as they mature from 5 to 14 months old. It is more common in German Shepherds because they have many stomach issues like Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency. Of course, some breeds have fewer than others, but a lot of them can be prevented with a healthy diet and lifestyle. Over time, visits to the vet can really add up. If you're looking for a good pet insurance plan that won't break the bank, you may want to look at Lemonade. This company offers adjustable plans customized to your pet's needs. Dog Breeds Background The name is literal: German Shepherd Dogs were born and bred to herd and protect sheep in nineteenth century Germany. Before , many towns in Germany had their own version of a German Shepherd Dog. Eventually, a group of breeders led by Captain Max von Stephanitz created the current German Shepherd breed by combining dogs from several different towns. Today, German Shepherds are a favorite breed — in fact, they are the second most popular breed in America. Sizing Up German Shepherds are pretty large dogs. Here are some common physical traits: Weight: lbs. Like a lot of dogs that were originally used for herding livestock, German Shepherds are alert, active, and athletic. German Shepherds are also confident dogs —fearless but not hostile, they hold their ground and are considered reliable guard dogs. German Shepherds bond well with others, especially the leader of the household, thought they are a bit shy around strangers and it can take some time for them to warm up. Given the right amount of training and attention, they can be great family dogs! The German Shepherd breed is not considered unhealthy. However, German Shepherds are prone to a variety of medical conditions: Bloat , due to his size and deep chest. However, this breed does have several common health issues that owners should be aware of. The more extreme conditions are a result of inbreeding, so responsible breeders take special care to trace the genealogy before breeding. The average lifespan of a German Shepherd is 10 to 12 years old, but certain conditions might shorten that. Here is a look at some of the most common types of health problems that German Shepherds have and how to recognize them. Diabetes Diabetes is not something that we think of when we think of canine ailments. However, it is not unheard of for German Shepherds to be diagnosed with this health problem. If your dog has one or more of these symptoms, it does not necessarily mean that they have diabetes. However, they should be checked out to ensure that they do not have diabetes or another serious illness. However, it is much more serious than the average bloat that humans experience after eating too much. This is an extremely painful experience for your dog and also very dangerous. The condition can sometimes come on very quickly. Some of the symptoms that your dog may experience with GDV include: Gums are pale or almost white in color Excessive drooling Gagging and retching. If this happens on a weekend or some other time when your regular vet is closed, look to see if there is an emergency animal hospital nearby. With these conditions, dogs will start to go downhill very quickly. In order to give them the best chance at survival, treatment must begin quickly. Perform an X-Ray to get a better look and see if the stomach is twisted. Perform surgery. The only way to fix a twisted stomach is to perform a surgery. Depending on what goes on during the surgery, your dog will need a lot of time to recover from such an invasive operation. While your dog is recovering, it is imperative that he or she gets a lot of rest and refrain from physical activity. Your dog should be monitored closely for the first few days. If they start to vomit or show any signs that their health is deteriorating, you should call the vet immediately. Hip Dysplasia This is a common problem for German Shepherds and other large dog breeds. This is a genetic disorder that usually happens while the German Shepherd puppy is still in the growth stage. The hip socket is more shallow than usual and it causes the hip joint to become loose, which can cause a lot of pain for the dog. Sometimes, hip dysplasia can go unnoticed, but over time, it can cause a dog to develop other problems, such as arthritis and muscular issues. Some of the most common signs that a dog is experiencing hip dysplasia include: Limping for seemingly no reason Hopping when running Popping sounds coming from the joint Slow to stand up Slow to lay down Difficulty getting on and off beds, couches, and other furniture If you notice any of these signs and symptoms, it is a good idea to schedule a vet visit for your dog. There are a few different treatment options available for dogs with hip dysplasia, including surgery. Your vet will examine your dog and determine the best course of treatment. Elbow Dysplasia Elbow Dysplasia is just like hip dysplasia, except for the fact that it affects the elbows and not the hips. The symptoms are also going to be similar. You may notice your dog limping or not wanting to run. Just like with hip dysplasia, surgery is also a treatment option. But sometimes, a vet will try to just manage the pain if the dysplasia is not severe. Cataracts Sometimes it seems like these dogs grow up so fast. In truth, when German Shepherds stop growing is at 18 months. As German Shepherds age, some have been known to develop cataracts. This is the same eye disorder that humans can get as well. It is pretty easy to tell if your older dog has cataracts as you will be able to see a noticeable white film develop on the lens of their eyeball. If left untreated, cataracts can cause your older dog to go completely blind in that eye. Another thing to note is that German Shepherd skin issues are fairly common. This breed is prone to yeast dermatitis, moist dermatitis, and allergy dermatitis. Make sure to have these conditions treated by a vet as soon as you spot on your pup. Having a German Shepherd can be a rewarding experience. They are a playful, protective, and loyal dog breed. As long as you stay vigilant and monitor any unusual symptoms, you should be able to have your playful pooch around for years to come. Check out Vetericyn if there are products that can alleviate the symptoms of any of these conditions. Reviewed by Dan Richardson, Veterinarian Dan Richardson has been a practicing veterinarian for over 10 years. He specializes in surgery and orthopedics. Dan is originally from rural western Nevada and attended the University of Idaho for undergraduate study and Oregon State University for Veterinary School. The Richardson Family enjoys camping and spending time on the water fishing, paddle boarding, or digging their feet in the sand somewhere warm. Sources: Pet MD. Diabetes Mellitus with Hyperosmolar Coma in Dogs. Canine elbow dysplasia. Cataracts in Dogs.

This can be done by using a cotton ball dampened with warm water and gently wipe away any debris that may have collected around the eyes. You should also ensure that no fur has grown too close to the eye, which can cause irritation or infection if left unchecked. If this happens, use artificial tears or an eye wash for dogs to relieve irritation and redness. Be sure not to use human products on your pet, as these can do more harm than good! Additionally, if you see any discharge from either of their eyes, contact your veterinarian immediately, as this could be a symptom of something more serious such as an infection. Administering these treatments correctly will not only help keep their ocular health in check but will also make sure that they remain comfortable throughout the process. Warm Compress: If your dog is suffering from dry or irritated eyes, a warm compress can be a great way to provide relief. This will help reduce swelling and provide comfort for your pup. Apple Cider Vinegar: Apple cider vinegar is another effective home remedy for treating eye problems in dogs. The acetic acid in apple cider vinegar helps reduce bacteria growth, while its anti-inflammatory properties help soothe any irritation or swelling caused by eye infections or allergies. Mix one part apple cider vinegar with four parts warm water and use it as an eyewash twice daily until the issue subsides. Ensure they avoid sharp objects like sticks and hazardous chemicals like household cleaners. Providing plenty of shade outdoors in sunny conditions, dogs can suffer from sunburned corneas just like people! Ensure they stay up-to-date with all their vaccinations to remain as healthy as possible! Still, it is imperative if you have a breed prone to developing certain eye issues such as PRA or cataracts. Have their eyes checked at least once a year during their wellness exam to ensure nothing is amiss. Ensure you provide them with nutrient-rich food specifically for larger breeds like the Golden Retriever so they get all the nutrients they need daily! This will also help keep their eyes bright and sharp over time. Taking them on regular walks or playing fetch together will be fun for both of you; it will help keep their vision sharp by stimulating their sight and providing them with plenty of opportunities for mental stimulation! Golden retrievers generally have very good eyesight. However, they can be prone to certain eye conditions, such as progressive retinal atrophy PRA. PRA is a genetic condition that causes vision loss in older dogs. Fortunately, a DNA test is available to screen for this condition before it occurs. The most common eye problems in English Cream, Golden Retrievers are entropion inward-turning eyelids , distichiasis extra eyelashes , conjunctivitis, and cataracts. These conditions can cause irritation or discomfort for your pup and should be monitored by your veterinarian. The eyewash should also be used regularly to prevent any buildup of dirt or debris around the eyes. Golden retriever pigmentary uveitis is when inflammation occurs inside the eye, causing pain and blurred vision in affected animals. Symptoms of Golden retriever pigmentary uveitis include redness and swelling of the whites of the eyes, cloudy vision, redness of blood vessels on the surface of the eyeball, excess tear production, and squinting. If you suspect your pet may have uveitis, take them to see a vet immediately, as this condition can lead to permanent damage if left untreated. Final Words There can be various English Cream Golden Retriever eye problems due to their placement in the traditional Golden Retriever line and recent inbreeding. After all, prevention is better than cure, and being prepared is key when it comes to caring for an English Cream Golden Retriever. You can help ensure your fur baby stays happy and healthy with responsible ownership and sound medical advice. Common eye issues in Golden Retrievers 1. Pigmentary Uveitis Pigmentary uveitis PU is a genetic condition that is prevalent in Golden Retrievers of years or above. It can cause severe damage to the eyes and may necessitate surgery. This type of eye condition might start on just one side, but could eventually affect both eyes. These are some signs to be aware of: The iris the colorful part of the eye appears dark and thickened. Pigment clumps small dots of color appear on the lens in the dark space behind the pupil Pigment cells and a foggy appearance are noticed inside the eye. Blood filled uveal cyst a larger spot of discoloration in front of the iris Spider web-like debris inside the eye. Posterior Synechaie a condition where the iris becomes stuck to the lens Pigmentary Uveitis can even be the cause of additional complications such as [2] : Posterior Synechaie see above Glaucoma Prevalence in Golden Retrievers: As with most issues, estimates of prevalence may vary among studies and sample groups. The mean age is about 8. Diagnosis of severely affected pigmentary uveitis is made through a comprehensive eye exam by a veterinary ophthalmologist. The ophthalmologist will use special instruments to closely examine the eye and look for normal or abnormal structures, signs of inflammation, or other abnormalities. Treatment for pigmentary uveitis in Golden Retrievers may include medications some applied to the eye, others given by mouth to reduce inflammation and control the immune response, as well as supportive care to manage any complications that may arise. Even with diagnosis, treatment, and management by a specialist, there is great potential for partial or total loss of vision with this disease. Even though the iris is not darkly pigmented, this dog should be diagnosed as affected with pigmentary uveitis. Cataracts As a veterinarian ophthalmologist, I often assess and diagnose cataracts in Golden Retrievers. A cataract is an opaque cloudiness that forms in the lens of the eye. Cataracts may involve the lens completely diffuse or in a localized region. In cases where cataracts are complete and affect both eyes, blindness results. Other causes of ocular inflammation. Specific metabolic diseases such as diabetes Persistent pupillary membranes a type of abnormal eye development that occurs even before birth Persistent hyaloid. The most common cataracts reported in the Golden Retriever: 1. A posterior polar posterior cortical cataract is a common condition affecting Golden Retriever aged between 9 months and 3 years. The cataracts can remain unchanged or may grow over time. Posterior polar Y-suture cataract in a retriever 2. There are more generalized cataracts observed in this breed and are not always associated with the previously mentioned polar cataract. There are also cataract changes involving the Y sutures which may or may not progress. Always consult with your vet for health decisions. Learn more. This abnormality, is also known as progressive retinal atrophy or PRA. PRA is a late-onset, inherited condition that is caused by recessive genes received from both parents. It appears that in this breed retinal atrophy is caused by more than one genetic mutation. Tapetal hyperreflectivity meaning when the veterinarian examines the eye, the back of the inside of the eye is more reflective than it should be Cataract. Diagnosis: A dog can be diagnosed with PRA with the help of a thorough medical history, a comprehensive ophthalmic eye exam, and potentially an additional test called ERG electroretinogram which actually detects the natural electrical activity in the retinal portion of the eye. Treatment: Sadly, at present at least, there is no effective treatment for PRA and affected animals are likely to become totally blind. Antioxidant therapy has been suggested to attempt to delay vision loss in affected animals but there is no evidence to suggest this to be effective. Current research into gene therapy may provide some hope for the future but treatment is a long way off at this stage. This causes direct irritation to the eye and can be painful, even leading to other eye diseases like corneal scarring. Entropion is likely influenced by several genetic factors, including excessive skin rolls and wrinkles around the face and eyes, thickened skin around the head and face, the depth and shape of the eye socket, and the shape of the skull. Distichiasis may occur at any time in the life of a dog. Ocular Disorder; Presumed to be inherited in purebred dogs; 6th Edition; ; Genetics Committee of the American College of Veterinary Ophthalmologist; P Uveal cysts: Fluid filled sacs that come from the back surface of the iris. The sac might stay attached, or it may break free and float inside the eye; it usually occurs in mature dogs. There is usually no effect on vision unless the cysts actually block the pupil. Less frequently, the cysts may rupture and attach to the cornea or lens. Multiple cysts may actual block the normal flow of fluid in the eye and cause glaucoma. The elevated intraocular pressure occurs because the fluid cannot move normally through the structures inside the eye. Diagnosis of glaucoma requires a measurement of eye pressure using tonometry, and a specialized eye exam to see if the normal flow of fluid in the eye is blocked. Retinal dysplasia-folds: Retinal dysplasia is a condition in which the retina, the layer of tissue at the back of the eye does not develop properly. The retina can develop folds or bumps instead of being smooth, which can interfere with normal vision. When seen in puppies, this condition may partially or completely resolve as they get older. Its significance to vision is unknown. There are two other forms of retinal dysplasia geographic, detached which are inherited in breeds other than golden retrievers and, in their most severe form, cause blindness. Below are several recommendations that can help prevent or minimize eye issues in Golden Retrievers: Regular eye exams: Golden Retrievers should have regular eye exams with your vet or veterinary ophthalmologist to screen for eye issues such as Multifocal Retinal Dysplasia, Cataracts, PRA, Hereditary Cataract, Glaucoma, and Pigmentary Uveitis. Genetic testing: we can use genetic testing to identify dogs that are carriers of genetic mutations that cause eye issues such as PRA. Should you require additional details, please contact your veterinarian or ophthalmologist. Overall, following these recommendations may help minimize the risk of eye issues in Golden Retrievers and ensure their optimal eye health. References [1] Essentials of Veterinary Ophthalmology; Kirk. Purdue in the News April 27, More than meets the eye: How a veterinary ophthalmologist is addressing a disease that can affect golden retrievers Dr. Golden retriever pigmentary uveitis is a disease almost exclusively found in purebred golden retrievers. The uveal tract includes the iris or the colored part of the eye. And though the disease is inherited, the onset and diagnosis usually occurs when the dogs are older. The disease can often result in blindness due to cataracts and glaucoma, and there are no current methods to prevent or reverse it. Townsend is leading a study that is trying to identify the gene that causes the disease. If the gene can be identified, the disease can be detected earlier, and breeders will be able to identify which of their dogs might be carriers and how they can keep the disease from being passed on to future generations. In addition to those patients, she commonly sees animals with corneal ulcers or scratches on the eye , cataracts and glaucoma. Her patients include mostly dogs, horses and cats — but she also has treated penguins, tigers and other exotic species. But in some cases — like with dogs that participate in agility — being able to focus both near and far is important. Writer: Abbey Nickel, nickela purdue. Research News. Bluish spots on the eye this symptom appears when there are infected corneas Diagnosis and Treatment Typically, the diagnosis is made by observing lashes emerging from the meibomian gland openings. Additionally, a detailed eye examination is required to determine the degree of any accompanying corneal injury. This examination may include fluorescein staining of the cornea and an evaluation of tear output. It is safer to bring your dog to a veterinarian for diagnosis. Distichiasis only requires treatment if the hairs irritate the eyes, cause conjunctivitis, or trigger corneal ulceration. Numerous treatment options are available. Your veterinarian may recommend an ocular lubricant in mild cases. You must treat your dog indefinitely to ensure their comfort. Another possibility that your medical professional could pose to you is epilation forceps plucking. Electrolysis is another possibility. However, only hairs present at the time of treatment can be detected and handled. New hairs can emerge and cause discomfort later, but the treatment can be repeated when appropriate. Surgical techniques are usually reserved for the most severe cases or those where the previous procedures failed. A vet may use surgical dissection to remove hair follicles permanently. Final Thoughts The majority of golden retriever breeders are meticulous in their testing of breeding dogs for pigmentary uveitis. However, many owners are unaware of the other prevalent disease and seek attention only when their dogs exhibit significant eye changes. References Introduction Did you know that there is a significant risk that your Golden Retriever will become blind in its senior years from a genetic disease lurking in its eyes? And that if you take action now, there is also a good chance that you can prevent your dog from going blind? This alarming disease is called Golden Retriever Pigmentary Uveitis GRPU , and it is spreading by leaps and bounds, with the worst-affected dogs often ending up having both eyes removed. This is a fate that I hope that I can help your Golden avoid. But the worst of the three, and the most common, is GRPU. And just as arthritis can be caused by many things, so can uveitis. Some of these clinical signs are present in dogs with GRPU. This article is a comprehensive go-to source for both owners and for general practice veterinarians GPDVMs. This is because there is very little written about the condition see References , and the available information is largely in specialty journals that GPDVMs would not have easy access to. I have attempted to provide all of the need-to-know information re: our current understanding of GRPU. Dogs most typically 8—9 years of age, but dogs as young as 2 years and as old as 13 years have been diagnosed with GRPU were presenting with cloudy red eyes usually both eyes and varying degrees of vision loss. Vision loss was usually due to glaucoma. Most affected dogs were not showing obvious signs of discomfort—they were just not seeing well or at all. Sadly, however, they actually were uncomfortable they had migraine-like pain from the glaucoma but were not obviously showing it. Nothing could be done for the blind dogs to help them see again. Then over the years, the disease spread to other parts of the country and GRPU became a common condition especially the Pacific Northwest. John Sapienza. The mode of inheritance is unknown, but suspected to be either autosomal dominant with incomplete penetrance, or autosomal recessive. There is no sex predilection, and only the eyes are affected. Investigation of pedigrees revealed a common ancestry, as many Goldens in the Northeastern US have arisen from one common breeding stock. Wendy Townsend, who is a veterinary ophthalmologist. This research, both complex and time-consuming, is concentrated on identifying genetic markers which could then be used to develop a DNA test for GRPU. S and probably across the globe. The prevalence of the disease is difficult to pinpoint, as it is a moving target. GRPU readily spreads because: Affected dogs are not usually diagnosed until they are on average 8 to 9 years of age—usually after they are finished breeding. Unless dogs can be diagnosed before they are bred, GRPU will continue to spread. There may exist a carrier state—unaffected dogs that carry the gene and then breed, spreading the disease. If a carrier state exists, there is currently no way to identify these dogs. Often, affected dogs are not diagnosed correctly as having GRPU. It is likely that many affected dogs are bred that are never examined by a VO, with only GPDVMs seeing these dogs when they are in crisis. This means that older dogs are not regularly examined by veterinary ophthalmologists, resulting in missed diagnoses of dogs with GRPU. The prevalence of GRPU is not well known. This is a very high incidence! These dogs are mostly family pets and not showdogs or breeding dogs. NOTE: Just as with other dog breeds, it must be understood that many Golden Retriever breeders are not professional breeders. If you have a Golden Retriever as a family pet, do not assume that the breeder of your dog had annual OFA ECR examinations done on the parents or other related dogs. Clinical Signs In order to understand the clinical signs, it is important to understand eye anatomy; please refer to this diagram. This is very sad, because if these dogs had been examined annually by an ophthalmologist, GRPU could have been detected much earlier, the dogs then placed on lifetime medication, and vision likely saved. Both eyes are almost always affected. If GRPU is too advanced and the eye s are blinded by glaucoma, vision cannot be recovered; sadly, in these cases both eyes usually need to be removed. This redness is often mistakenly attributed to allergies allergic conjunctivitis , and it usually temporarily resolves with topical steroid ophthalmic medication until the next episode of redness occurs. There is rarely any history of ocular discomfort or vision loss until the time of crisis. Sometimes there is a history of gradual cloudiness occurring, but usually owners will not present the dog to their family veterinarian for examination because the dog is comfortable and apparently seeing well. In a recent study, .Sometimes iris cysts are the first clinical sign noted by the family veterinarian but it would be very easy for a GPDVM to not detect the presence of iris cysts. They can range from light to dark brown, and when a beam of light is directed on them, it passes through the cysts transillumination. The light brown cysts can be ghostlike and nearly completely transparent, making them very hard to detect. There are no hard and fast rules here, however—while it is uncommon for free-floating iris cysts to accompany GRPU, it is not impossible. Rarely, iridociliary cysts in dogs with GRPU contain blood. Most of these cysts would not be visible unless the pupil was dilated. Note their transparency. The dark brown dot above the right-hand cyst is a small cyst that ruptured and flattened out, its brown membrane sticking to the anterior lens capsule. This dog also has early immature cataracts. Note uniform dark brown iris hyperpigmentation. Photo courtesy of Dr. John Sapienza Many of the iris cysts present in dogs with GRPU are not visible, especially if the pupils are not dilated with dilating drops at the time of examination. To further complicate matters, eyes enucleated from dogs with GRPU often demonstrate tiny iridociliary cysts microscopically but cysts are often not detectable clinically in these same eyes prior to enucleation. The cysts are often hidden from view behind the base of the iris, and often not visible clinically even after pupillary dilation. Much more research is needed to help define the relationship if any between these two entities. GRPU is a pigmenting disease. This means that dark brown microscopic flecks of pigment are free-floating, like dust in the air, inside the anterior chamber and end up sticking to surfaces inside the eye, especially the anterior lens capsule. One theory is that iris cysts cause glaucoma, 5 and another theory is that complex auto-immune mechanisms trigger pigment dispersion inside the eye and cause glaucoma. Note streaks and clumps of pigment stippling the anterior lens capsule. Early immature cataracts are also present. Present in the early stage of the disease, continuing into the middle and late stages. The normal intraocular pressure IOP range in dogs is about 10—20 mmHg. In retrospect, this is usually the very earliest clinical sign that the owner notices, years before the dog is in crisis, but the owner and GPDVM do not realize that the redness of the conjunctiva is due to GRPU; it is assumed to be due to allergies allergic conjunctivitis because the redness resolves when topical steroid eyedrops or ointment is applied to the eyes —until the next flareup of redness occurs, which prompts a cycle of another round of treatment. The fibrin in GRPU dogs might not dissolve at all, or dissolve only partially with medication. The fibrin often has tiny clots of blood admixed with it. Present in the middle to late stages of the disease. Left eye of dog with GRPU. Note cloudiness over pupil, with grey-white streaks. This eye also has late immature cataracts, and the conjunctiva is inflamed. John Sapienza Cloudiness of the eye, associated with cataract —incipient or immature cataracts. It is rare for the lens to develop a mature cataract and blind the eye, but cataracts can certainly help impair vision. It is NOT recommended to perform cataract surgery on dogs with GRPU, as postoperative inflammation is severe and usually cannot be adequately controlled, leading to glaucoma and blindness. Bleeding inside the eye hyphema. Sometimes it is more obvious that blood is inside the eye, than 5 fibrinous plaque. When blood is present inside the eye, it is always accompanied by fibrinous material. Iris cysts. Usually nasal attached iridociliary cysts, but can be free-floating cysts in the anterior chamber. Present in the early stage of the disease. Secondary glaucoma in the late stage of the disease. Blindness in the late stage of the disease due to glaucoma. Treatment It is obvious from this discussion that GRPU is a complex disease with no firm understanding regarding genetics. Additionally, one study Esson et al has theorized that uveitis is not present in GRPU, based on histopathologic evaluation of eyes enucleated due to glaucoma. It is Dr. This has evolved out of necessity, due to the lack of research regarding therapy of GRPU. Treatment of GRPU depends on the stage of disease. Wendy Townsend at Purdue University to determine if supplementation would be beneficial. This research was prompted by Dr. Owners are cautioned to contact the ophthalmology clinic if either eye has episodes of conjunctival redness or any signs of cloudiness. At each examination, tonometry is performed to monitor the intraocular pressures. In middle to late stages, treatment is as for the early stage, but some dogs also need systemic anti-inflammatory medication. Many dogs respond with an oral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug NSAID , but some dogs need an oral steroid instead. Late stage cases usually have glaucoma or IOPs that are starting to elevate. These dogs also need topical glaucoma medications. Unfortunately, dogs initially presented to an ophthalmologist in the late stages of the disease often end up losing their vision due to uncontrollable glaucoma, and almost always, late-stage cases have both eyes affected, doubling the tragedy of this disease. Surgical treatment for blind glaucomatous eyes must be performed if glaucoma cannot be controlled medically, because these dogs are in constant discomfort similar to a migraine headache and the eye s are enlarging because of the increased internal pressure. Because Golden Retrievers are wonderful, uncomplaining dogs, they will not usually let their owners know that their glaucomatous eyes are bothering them. Many dogs with end-stage GRPU blinded by glaucoma end up having both eyes removed. Other more cosmetic surgical choices are available that are discussed in the glaucoma article. However, dogs with GRPU should not have the intravitreal injection of gentamicin pharmacologic ablation procedure performed, because it would create additional uveitis and discomfort in these dogs. If a dog with GRPU blinded by glaucoma had high uncontrollable IOP s and was not healthy enough to undergo surgery, a therapeutic dilemma occurs, and often these dogs end up being euthanized because their quality of life with unrelenting migraine headaches is unacceptable, which underscores the tragedy of this disease. It cannot be emphasized too often, that early detection and lifetime treatment is the key to saving the vision in affected dogs. Dogs diagnosed with GRPU do not pass the exam, and should not be bred. Additionally, when a breeder places a dog in a new home, the Golden Retriever Club of America requests that the breeder print a letter to give to the new owners, to educate them about GRPU: PigmentaryUveitisLettertoOwners. To this end, she is requesting: Blood samples from affected dogs, AND from normal-eyed elderly dogs 12 years of age and older these animals must have been examined by an ophthalmologist. Here is paperwork for the submissions Townsend-GRForm. If you have any questions, please contact Dr Townsend her contact information is on the paperwork. If you have a dog with this clinical history, OR if you know that your dog has iris cysts, seek out a veterinary ophthalmologist to examine your dog. To locate a board-certified ophthalmologist, visit the acvo. Tragically, dogs have had their eyes removed, or been euthanized, because owners failed to follow directions. Support Dr. She is the only ophthalmologist performing research on this disease. Complete remaining pages including contact and payment information, and a confirmation will be emailed to you. By Mail: Make check payable to Purdue Foundation. If GRU is caught early enough, and if the dog is treated as prescribed by the ophthalmologist and is examined as often as needed by the ophthalmologist, vision is almost always saved. And finally—If a dog loses their vision from GRPU, it is important to understand that they can still have a very acceptable quality of life without their sight, as long as they are not in pain. A blind dog is not suffering, as long as the eyes are comfortable. If they are uncomfortable i. It is relatively rare for my patients blinded by GRPU to be euthanized; I have had many GRPU patients presented in the late stage of the disease, in which both eyes were removed. These dogs have always thrived postoperatively. GRPU robbed this kind and gentle dog of his vision. He developed secondary glaucoma in both eyes, and both eyes were removed. Chase went on to live a full life, and even with no sight, he continued catching tennis balls! Golden Retriever uveitis: 75 cases , Vet Ophthalmol ;.Prevalence of uveal cysts and pigmentary uveitis in Golden Retrievers in three Midwestern states. J Am Vet Med Assoc ;.The histopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics of pigmentary and cystic glaucoma in the Golden Retriever. Vet Ophthalmol ;.A histopathological study of iridociliary cysts and glaucoma in Golden Retirevers. The pathogenesis of the disease is still not well understood, but there is no underlying systemic illness associated with it. Subtle signs of early disease, including redness, make it difficult to detect a problem at home until the disease is more advanced. A veterinary ophthalmologist can detect pigment on the lens and uveal cysts fluid-filled structures behind the iris as the earliest signs during the ophthalmic examination. The significance of uveal cysts is still being investigated, but a relationship between the cysts and development of glaucoma has been documented. Over time, signs can progress to pigment on the corneal endothelium inside of the cornea , posterior synechiae adhesions , fibrinous material in the anterior chamber, cataract in the lens, and eventually glaucoma elevated pressure inside the eye. Most dogs diagnosed are over the age of 5 years, and the average age at the time of diagnosis is years old. Unfortunately the overall prognosis for the eyes is guarded with many eyes becoming blind due to glaucoma. Glaucoma is a painful disease in which the pressure inside the eye increases and causes damage to the structures responsible for vision. Elevated intraocular pressure results in the clinical signs that you may have noted at home cloudy eye, redness, squinting. The longer the pressure in the eye is elevated, the more damage occurs to the structures in the eye responsible for vision, eventually resulting in permanent blindness. In a normal eye, fluid is constantly produced by the ciliary body and drained out the iridocorneal angle also called the drainage angle. The iridocorneal angle has a net-like meshwork with large spaces through which the fluid flows. Secondary glaucoma is caused by obstruction of drainage of fluid from the eye through the iridocorneal angle. Because the duration of pressure elevation is a critical factor for prognosis, acute glaucoma is an emergency and should be treated as quickly as possible to decrease the pressure. The disease causes pain and headaches when the pressure is elevated. Glaucoma is unfortunately difficult to treat and not all cases can be resolved. The goals of therapy are to maintain a normal intraocular pressure and treat the underlying cause of the glaucoma. Unfortunately, due to the nature of the disease many animals lose vision despite treatment. For blind, painful eyes permanent resolution of glaucoma is recommended via enucleation removal of the eye , intrascleral prosthesis replacing the contents of the eye with silicone , or chemical ciliary body ablation destruction of the ciliary body with an intraocular injection. Not all options are appropriate for every patient and here are pros and cons to each of these treatments, which we are happy to discuss.

Also called the Bernese Mountain Poo, Bernesepoo, Bernesedoodle, and Bernepoo, the Bernedoodle hybid mixes the happy-go-lucky temperament of the Bernese Mountain Dog with the intelligence of its Poodle parents. Mini Bernedoodles are happiest when they're spending time with their families, children included. They are willing participants in playtime and cuddle fests alike. Fans of the breed adore their friendliness, playfulness, intelligence, and affection. They are fairly adaptable and go with the flow. If you need a dog for the whole family, or if you're a single owner looking for a lovable, smart mixed-breed with good health that will put a smile on your face with their antics, you won't be able to find a much better choice than the Miniature Bernedoodle. They do well with children and other animals, and are happiest as part of a family. They love spending time with their human family and should not be left alone for long periods. They can be wary of strangers, but early training can help their socialization. Toy and mini Bernedoodles can be more energetic and stubborn than the standard version, but you will find them relatively easy to train because of that Poodle intelligence. Their skull is moderately round with flat cheekbones and a long, straight muzzle with a scissor bite. Their eyes are dark, oval, and set far enough apart to make their facial expressions appear alert and intelligent. Ears have wide and thick ear leather and hang close to the head, at or just below eye level. Coats can be curly, dense, and highly textured, or corded, hanging in tight even cords of varying lengths. The coat is tricolor with black as the base and markings in rich rust and clear white. The tail will vary in length, but it is bushy and carried high. Exercise Medium Activity Bernedoodles are moderately active and will love daily walks. They enjoy playing fetch and spending time with you. This breed tends to wander and hunt, so a fenced-in yard is important. They can adapt to urban or rural settings provided there is time and space for daily exercise. This breed requires a lot of human interaction, so leaving him alone outside for long periods will not work for the Bernedoodle. We recommend at least an hour of exercise every day. They will do well with time to fetch, run, and learn new tricks. Breed Title Mini Bernedoodle Temperament While Mini Bernedoodles are famous for their high energy and willingness to go on adventures with their owners, they make extremely versatile pets. If you adopt one of our Mini Bernedoodle puppies for sale, be prepared for a loyal companion — with moderate exercise needs — who will want to follow you around wherever you may go! Ideal for families, the Mini Bernedoodle develops particularly strong bonds with small children. Known for its loving and protective nature, our Mini Bernedoodle puppies for sale will quickly develop a lifelong bond with your child — filled with hours of play and adventures. Mini Bernedoodle Health Considerations When it comes to health, the Mini Bernedoodle breed is robust and enjoys relatively high longevity — with an average lifespan of 12 to 15 years. However, like all dog breeds, your Mini Bernedoodle puppy has its own unique health considerations to keep in mind prior to adoption. At Keystone Puppies , we take care to breed dogs with the highest standards of ethical integrity—free of common congenital defects. To learn more, read about the Keystone Puppies Health Guarantee! Dogs with straighter coats may trigger allergies. One of the most popular features of our Mini Bernedoodle puppies for sale is the curly coil they inherit from their Poodle parent. Hypoallergenic , these dogs are ideal for owners with allergies who may not be able to tolerate a purebred Bernese Mountain Dog. While you should brush your Mini Bernedoodle puppy at least two to three times a week—to ensure fur its coat stays healthy, shiny and unmatted— it is not recommended that you bathe your pup more than once a month, as the soap strips away vital natural oils that keep skin healthy and moisturized. All our Mini Bernedoodles for sale come in a variety of coat color combinations including black and brown, black and white, white and brown and all black. Meet Mini Bernedoodle Puppies for Sale. The miniature bernedoodle may also vary in color and coat with the mini or toy poodle daddy being credited with the majority of these specific conformations. Miniature Bernedoodle Size Depending on the breeder, there is a great size range in the mini-bernedoodles. Some breeders use miniature poodles, other toy poodles, to obtain the smaller body size. Mini bernedoodles can range anywhere from 15 pounds to 40 pounds depending on the dogs used for breeding. HC Bernedoodles specializes in these special mini-bernedoodle puppies. Though it's important to note, size of the puppy is often not known until after birth. We've had a 7 pound toy produce a 50 pound as an adult offspring. First, and possibly the most popular is the traditional black tri color which consists of black, white and tan or rust colors and will strongly resemble the Bernese mountain dog's colors. Then there,s the sable tri color which will consist of any sable color, tan and white markings and is considered to be more of a speciality color. Sable is a color that will generally carry a fading gene and will lighten in color as they age. We also have the bi colors which are most generally black with the white Bernese markings. You may encounter a solid color mini bernedoodle as well and they will generally consist of a solid black with a few small white markings that will generally disappear as they mature in size. At HC Bernedoodles we avoid breeding solid colors due to being the least appealing look in the Bernedoodle. We may see a more wavey coat in some vs. While the wavey coat may be more appealing in appearance, the curly coat is more suitable for allergy sufferers due to generally being less shedding than the wavey coat. It is difficult to predict these coats as young puppies due to observing a puppy coat vs. Miniature Bernedoodle Temperament The miniature bernedoodle may be more active than the larger Bernedoodle breeds due to the toy or miniature poodle being more of an active breed. They are a highly recommended family dog breed and are tremendous with children due to carrying the genes of the affectionate, loving Bernese mountain dog. While intelligence simplifies training in the mini bernedoodle it can work in a negative sense as well. If training is neglected you may see bad habits develop earlier than in breeds that may not be known to be as intelligent. Therefore it is highly recommended to start training at an early age and be consistent in training exercises. Health Health is possibly the greatest attribute in the F1 mini bernedoodle. Being a smaller size hybrid cross they are the least likely to inherit congenital health problems, with the likelihood of hip or elbow dysplasia being greatly reduced due to the much smaller size. Exercise The miniature bernedoodle requires a moderate amount of exercise. Daily exercise is generally sufficient. If you would like to be notified, please contact us and we will notify you when our Mini Bernedoodles become available. Mini Bernedoodles Past Litters. Life Span Did You Know? They tend to be affectionate and loving dogs that make great family pets. They are even known to make great therapy dogs! Although they are not recognized by the American Kennel Club, they are recognized by other canine registries. One of the facts about Bernedoodles is that they are true companion dogs. They are cuddly companions that love nothing more than being with their favorite humans. As long as they are well-socialized and trained, Mini Bernedoodles tend to get along well with children, other dogs, other pets, and even strangers. Miniature Bernedoodles are highly adaptable dogs. They do well in larger homes as well as apartments. They are sensitive to heat and extreme cold, but do well in most climates. Because they bond so closely with their families and thrive on attention, they do not like to be left alone for long periods of time and can develop separation anxiety if you do not work with them early on. Good breeding practices make a big difference in the health of puppies. Reputable breeders will screen their dogs to avoid passing preventable issues to puppies. You can ask about the health and genetic history of the parents and about any health tests or clearances that have been done. Mini Bernedoodles are intelligent dogs that pick up on things quickly and are eager to please. This makes them a highly trainable dog that is a good fit for owners of all experience levels. They can become stubborn if training is not consistent or clear. Although their coat tends to be low-shedding and will range from straight to wavy or curly, the Mini Bernedoodle coat requires some maintenance. Daily brushing is recommended to remove tangles and prevent mats. Professional grooming is recommended every weeks. Nail trims once or twice monthly keep them from growing too long and causing issues. Ear checks on a weekly basis with careful cleanings as needed help to prevent ear infections. As a small dog breed, Mini Bernedoodles are more prone to developing gum disease. Good dental care for dogs early and consistently throughout their life can help prevent painful dental diseases later in life. Daily tooth brushing, plus cleanings at the vet as needed, is ideal. Although Mini Bernedoodles will be playful and have bursts of energy while playing, they are not high-energy dogs. They tend to sit in a more moderate range. Daily walks plus some playtime throughout the day are usually enough for them. But, they love spending time with you and will likely be up for more activity if you are. They may be smaller dogs, but they also tend to be relatively athletic. When puppies finish growing , you can try higher-impact activities like running, hiking, training for dog sports, and more. Fully-grown Mini Bernedoodles usually stand inches tall. They can range from pounds. F1B and F2 Mini Bernedoodles usually weigh pounds and are on the shorter side of the range. Mini Bernedoodles generally live for years on average. Featured Mini Bernedoodle Article.

We come from many walks of life, and have agreed to donate our many and varied talents so that pugs everywhere can live out their lives with comfort, love and care. We are all volunteers, with no paid employees. Each person serves in the way best suited to their lifestyle and individual skills. We are proud of the way we have built this organization. We have determined that our common welfare and the welfare of the pug breed must come first. Our leaders are but trusted servants, in that they do not govern. There is no power structure, just a service structure. The only requirement for membership is a desire to help homeless pugs and promote education about the breed and the need for domestic animal population control. We allow, and strongly encourage participation in other groups, rescues, and shelters, as it is the best way to strengthen the rescue effort and make sure that our motto is upheld: "Let no pug go unloved. We give rescued pugs veterinary care, a nurturing foster environment, and permanent placement into a loving home. In addition, we offer education to the public on the special responsibilities of pug ownership and the need for domestic animal population control. Make a donation today! Wyoming Pug Rescue Be patient! It might take months to find the perfect pug for you. Be patient with the process. Do your research. Before agreeing to work with a rescue, read their reviews, their policies, and check their c 3 status. You can do a search for their records here. The adoption process can take anywhere from days, to weeks, to months. Does the rescue adopt out of state? What is the adoption fee? Is the application open or do you have to apply for a specific dog? Are you allowed to meet available dogs before adopting? Be Kind Pug rescues are run by dedicated volunteers who spend their free time helping needy pugs. Always be kind and respectful. They work hard so that you can bring home your new pup. Common Pug Rescue Questions Are there pug puppies for adoption? Pug puppies are incredibly popular, so getting your hands on one available for adoption might be difficult. The best way to have a chance at adopting a pug puppy is to turn in an adoption application and become approved for adoption early, if possible. Then wait for a puppy to become available. Is there a pug shelter? Are there black pugs for adoption? Pug rescues rescue pugs of all sizes, ages, mixes, and colors. There tend to be more fawn pugs available, but there are also black pugs, apricot pugs, and more. No pug rescue in your area? Use Petfinder to locate an adoptable pug near you. Vocality level 5 in 5 Disclaimer: While the characteristics mentioned here may frequently represent this breed, dogs are individuals whose personalities and appearances will vary. Please consult the adoption organization for details on a specific pet. Temperament ACA delightful blend of dignity and comedy, the Pug is an amiable, playful, and confident companion. They can be stubborn and headstrong, but they are pleasant and generally willing to please. They love to cavort and show off. Upkeep The Pug needs daily exercise, either in the form of a lively game or a moderate walk. They do not do well in heat and humidity. They needs minimal coat care but daily cleaning of facial wrinkles. Their smooth coat needs only occasional brushing to remove dead hairs; however, the wrinkles need regular cleaning and drying to prevent skin infections. The Pug may often wheeze and snore. Health Major concerns: Pug dog encephalitis, CHD, brachycephalic syndrome Minor concerns: elongated palate, stenotic nares, patellar luxation, Legg-Perthes, entropion, KCS, skin infections, hemivertebra Occasionally seen: seizures, nerve degeneration, distichiasis, allergies, demodicosis Suggested tests: eye, hip, knee, DNA Pug dog encephalitis Life span: 12—15 years Note: The Pug cannot tolerate heat and is sensitive to anesthesia. They are prone to corneal abrasion and obesity. The Pug is somewhat of an exception in the Toy Group because they are perhaps the only one to be descended from mastiff forebears. Although their exact ancestry has been lost in antiquity, the Pug retains many mastiff characteristics. The Pug is an ancient breed, one of several miniaturized in the Orient, where they were a favorite pet of Buddhist monasteries in Tibet many centuries ago. Here they became quite popular and were recognized as the official dog of the House of Orange after one saved the life of Prince William by sounding an alarm at the approach of Spanish soldiers in .Pugs were first brought to England during Victorian times and became incredibly popular with the wealthy, displacing the King Charles Spaniel as the favored royal breed. Several Pugs were brought to England from China in .A year earlier, the breed had been recognized by the AKC. Since that time, they have remained popular a pet. Related Content.

Chews 1. Sweet-natured and big fans of human affection, these puppies can suffer from separation anxiety if left on their own for too long. Before your Frenchie arrives home, it's a good idea to puppy proof your house to make sure your furry friend stays safe and comfortable. From puppy gates to preparing for toilet training, our downloadable guide tells you everything you need to know about bringing a puppy home. Find out more about Frenchie puppy accessories. As many French Bulldog owners will also tell you, Frenchies are some of the quickest eaters out there - which can result in issues like bloating, painful stomach cramps, burping and gas. With all of this in mind, purchasing the correct type of dog bowl is essential! As you research the best feeding bowls for Frenchies, consider shopping around for: Slanted dog bowls: As mentioned, these dogs have a flattened face and short neck structure, which can make it difficult for them to reach their food particularly as they get older. Slanted bowls are designed to help dogs access their food with ease. Slow feeding bowls: These bowls feature a raised obstruction in the middle of the bowl, preventing fast eaters from wolfing down their dinner too quickly. Elevated dog bowls: Providing your Frenchie with a raised bowl can benefit their digestion and prevent regurgitation and vomiting. There are lots of elevated dog bowls on the market, and a popular choice are bowls that get elevated when positioned on a four-legged wooden stand. Dog Collars for Frenchies French Bulldogs are a type of brachycephalic dog breed , which means that they are more prone to trachea damage and suffocation. Because of this, you should ensure that the dog collar you choose is suitable for their neck shape, and correctly fitted to prevent breathing problems from occurring. Flat buckle dog collars tend to be the most popular option for Frenchies. These dog collars feature a simple, comfortable design, with D Rings that allow for identification tags and lead attachments. French Bulldog harnesses are the safest way to ensure control on dog walks, while decreasing the risk of neck injuries from occurring. When it comes to choosing French Bulldog leads, remember that these dogs are smaller in build and closer to the ground, which means that short dog leads tend to be the best product for walkies. Always make sure that the lead you buy can be attached to the harness you use for walks. At Barc London, we offer harnesses for French Bulldogs with matching leads that are 1 - 1. Just like us humans, these dogs are affectionate creatures which enjoy cuddling in cosy spaces. The ideal shape of dog bed for French Bulldogs tends to be an enclosed style with higher walls. These beds provide an area for dogs to retreat and curl up in to get a good night's sleep. Older French Bulldogs in particular can suffer from problems with their joints and conditions like arthritis. Memory foam cushions can help to provide relief at night and promote healthy joints for better mobility. French Bulldogs enjoy the warmth and comfort blankets can provide. For these dogs, burrowing is a natural instinct, so a warm blanket is a French Bulldog accessory that will help them feel protected and comfortable in their nested environment. For the team at Barc, this was by far one of the most enjoyable aspects of crafting the Play collection, and it was important that each toy we created communicated the importance of playtime for dogs and their human owners. Remember that this breed of dog thrives on companionship. Playing with your French Bulldog is a great way to build a bond, and you can do so with games of fetch and rope toys for tug of war! Tried and tested by our founding Frenchie, our collection of designer dog toys offer the best products to enhance play. French Bulldog Clothes French Bulldogs have a unique body structure, with a small and compact build. Their muscular bodies and shorter legs can make it difficult to find suitable apparel - which is why you should always focus on comfort and fit when shopping for French Bulldog clothes. Dog coats: Frenchies are short-haired and more prone to feeling the cold compared to other breeds. This is true for most brachycephalic dogs, as their bodies tend to lose heat faster than able to be replaced. Knowing that these dogs struggle to regulate their body temperature, our Wear range offers dog coats that come in a padded gilet style. The lightweight material is breathable enough for these dogs to exercise comfortably, and warm enough to provide protection from the cold. French Bulldog Gifts Frenchies enjoy feeling the love, and showering them with dog gifts is a great way to display care and attention! Gifts for French Bulldog Lovers Anyone who has owned a French Bulldog before will be able to relate to the special bond these dogs form with their human partners. These affectionate pups were in fact bred to be companion dogs , and their friendly and good-natured disposition is unparalleled. Described as a 'must read for any dog parent', this book shares Archie's life, and gives deeper insights into the heart behind the Barc London brand. A Truly Beautiful Read What a beautiful and heartfelt story of a man and his dog, which in turn was also the inspiration to create Barc London. Wonderfully presented on a smooth papered book with stunning photos to accompany the story. These beautiful products are no longer just images on the website, but now part of a story with so much more meaning. The shape gives it a good irregular bounce too so he loves to chase it. He holds it in his paws and chews and chews the top which still shows no sign of teeth marks. Super stylish toy looks great and is fantastic quality. Only problem is my pup loves it too much and I'm almost deaf from the squeaking! You can also access the pdf here. Some spaces are left empty as they are specific for your baby. This was given 5 days in a row. Microchip: You will need to complete your Frenchie babies series of shots. Typically they will give one to two more DA2PP vaccinations at weeks along with rabies at weeks depending on state regulations. Vets usually give booster shots every year after that. Rabies are given every 1 to 3 years depending on your state requirements. There is also evidence booster shots only need to be given every 3 years. If you wish to follow this schedule, discuss with your veterinarian. Below are the various guidelines. Continue shot series until complete Email vet report to info thefrenchbulldog. If you did not receive AKC papers at pick-up we will mail them to you within 60 days. We suggest feeding your baby 4 times per day to start and giving unlimited amounts. You may want to have the last feeding around pm so your puppy has its last bowel movement before bedtime. As your puppy grows you can adjust this schedule. Begin implementing your method of potty training as soon your Frenchie baby arrives just be patient at first. We recommend crate training. Typically a puppy does not want to dirty his own space. Use dividers to make the space the appropriate size. If you are not watching the puppy, put the puppy in the crate. Give your puppy more space when you can trust him. Reward with positivity and petting when your puppy potties in the correct area. After he eats or drinks, after a nap, or first thing in the morning take him out to potty. Safety We cannot overemphasize the importance of watching your Frenchie puppy at all times. If you are not watching him, place him in his crate or a puppy playpen. Puppies are like curious little toddlers. They put things in their mouth to explore and learn. Unfortunately some of these things can be poisonous such as certain essential oil, certain plants, cleaners, and small items can be choking hazards. When they are little, I use a doggie sling purse which keeps them with me so I can continue to do my chores. Have questions about French Bulldogs? Please contact us. Home » Blog » What to buy before your French Bulldog puppy arrives What to buy before your French Bulldog puppy arrives The weeks before your little baby arrives are not only filled with excitement and imagining how life will be with them, but you also need to prepare your home for the new family member and buy some stuff. Every family is different with a different home, lifestyle, and needs but we list below some of the essentials and some of the extras. Somewhere to sleep — Frenchie bed Your beauty will need comfortable bedding, which can be a dog-bed or couch, a cushion or a crate. Subscribe to our weekly blog newsletter: Subscribe to our blog newsletter! First name Email As your Frenchie baby will grow fast, try to make sure you can buy adjustable items whenever you can. There are crates with dividers which you can gradually move as your pup grows. You can place a soft cushion in the crate, while cushions can also be used as a bed in themselves for a daytime nap for your furry child. You might want to opt for an orthopedic doggie bed, which helps your girl or buy have a great rest after an active day. Once you receive your baby you should continue this same food to prevent any dietary upset, but we recommend to gradually switch to another type of food within a couple of weeks. Our recommendations are Acana or Orijen, please read our article about the best food for a French Bulldog. What you can buy before your pup arrives, though, is a set of bowls: one for food and another one for water. As they grow you will need other toys to train him or her, see more details about this here. Check out our. If so, there are a few things you could be doing to prepare yourself and your home for your new French bulldog puppy! Research the French bulldog breed Before bringing home your new Frenchie, you should have a pretty good understanding about the breed itself. As a leading French bulldog breeder in Indiana and surrounding states, our experienced team at Family Puppies understands the French bulldog breed like the back of our hands. This knowledge not only helps us raise our French bulldog puppies for sale, but allows us to ensure their new owners are well-educated and properly prepared to add a new Frenchie to their family. Talk to your breeder about what you can expect with your new French bulldog puppy and be sure to ask them as many questions as you need to: What food have you been feeding them? How much does a French bulldog shed? What essentials should you buy? Do they have any favorite toys? To sort it all out, we suggest making a puppy checklist of things to purchase before bringing your pup home! What to buy for a French bulldog puppy Remember, these are only the essentials to have set up and ready before introducing your pup to their forever home. Most importantly, they need a collar to display their ID tag and a harness to support their body when on walks. Puppy pads House training is a lengthy process with any puppy, so some handy puppy pads are a must. And with their short, single coats making hotter climates a struggle, regular brushing will actually better their circulation and oil production, improving the overall quality of their coat. Puppy-proofing your home For the safety of your new Frenchie and your belongings, we suggest doing a sweep of your home to locate any potential hazards that your puppy may face. This includes hiding away electrical cords, stowing away any valuable personal items for the time being , and putting anything that could be poisonous to your puppy houseplants, cleaning supplies, etc. Find a veterinarian Your breeder may have a few suggestions for vets that they have worked with that already know your puppy, but be sure to secure a vet before bringing your pup home. Make yourself available for your puppy One of the most important things you must do in order to prepare for a French bulldog puppy is freeing up your schedule. These dogs are made for companionship and will definitely need you during their first few days in a new environment without their mother or siblings. We suggest taking a few days off of work to start, and after that, try not to leave them alone for full days, especially with that tiny puppy bladder! Check out the French bulldog puppies for sale through Family Puppies in Indiana. These amazing Frenchies are brought up in a loving and warm environment and we look for the same in the people who purchase them. Give us a call today at to learn more!