buy akc german shepherd puppy

Coloring, therefore, is only a fad of the amateur and as such is often liable to changes of whim. The basic test requires knowledge of basic obedience such as: heeling, sit, down, long down, recall, and heeling through a group of people, as well as the traffic portion of the test, where the dog's soundness, and temperament are assessed, such as: neutral behavior towards a passing dog, being tied out and left alone, behavior among a large group of people, and behavior around cars, bicycles, scooters, skateboards, and strollers. All dogs born after July must take this test to be permissible to breed. I will be entering all of my dogs born as of in this test once it becomes available in Canada. This testing will not be available in Canada until .A dog must pass all three phases with a minimum score of 70 in order to pass a level. I have helped train my father's dog to a UTD, Urban Tracking Dog, and would love to do this with my retired dogs should I have time to do so! I strive to show each dog at least once, to obtain a conformation rating, that is required under the SV breed eligibility rules. My philosophy. To ensure the safety of our readers and the right fit for a new pet, we work hard to make sure only the most trusted breeders are featured on the site. We have a dedicated team that works hard and has done extensive research that involves checking both the breeder and their dogs, to verify that the breeders featured on our site are highly reputable and trustworthy. Feedback on Google and Facebook are also taken into consideration before they are listed as a breeder to have the highest standards possible. We hope that this gives you a little more information about how we list breeders on our site. You have probably heard about puppy mills and how they produce dogs with indiscriminate breeding practices as their puppies are usually unhealthy and not well-tempered. When looking to add a new member to your family, you should always buy from a good and reliable breeder. A good responsible breeder will always be there for their puppies and ensure that all of their needs are met for as long as possible. Check out this list and do your own research first about the breeder and then decide which breeder you want to go with. These breeders are striving to combine the best working lines and European show lines. These breeders train their dogs to be excellent working dogs. Moreover, the dogs undergo different tests and x-rays for hips and elbows to make sure that they are best for the breeding program. They only have female dogs and they choose the male that best enhances the female. Usually, female dogs above 24 months of age are used for breeding programs. Quellen German Shepherds are located in central British Columbia having 10 acres of land. This gives plenty of space to dogs for running and playing. The dogs are raised as part of the family and live in a house with the breeders. They also get the opportunity to enjoy camping, fishing, hiking or just hanging out with the breeder. You can expect a healthy, happy, well-adjusted, and excellently trained puppy from Quellen German Shepherds. They make extraordinary efforts in taking care of their dogs. German Shepherd Breeder Info:. Showing 1 - 40 of 55 resultsPage 1 - 55 results Sort by Your listing deserves to be on top. Best family dogs! Stunning GSD, champions working and protection dogs for generations; that means tested by time and.Stunning GSD, champions working and protection dogs for generations; that means tested by time.Both German Shepherds come from a.Mom is a purebred longhaired german shepherd and father is a hound. There are 3 girls and 2 boys. They are ready to go to new homes on September 29th. Please Contact Cute 5 month old rescue puppy German shepherd mix. Vancouver Calm and cute puppy rescued from the streets of Mexico, His mom, a German Shepherd and 8 sibblings were tossed to the streets because mom had an affair with a non German Shepherd. Chester is a.The pups are ready to go to there forever home. Mom and dad are both purebred sable shepherds. They both are loyal and devoted to their family. Active Singles and Family Fun! Come with vet record, vaccinated, dewormed, happy, healthy and, hand.John Looking for a good home for these two beauties. They are currently 13 weeks. CKC registered litter, purebred German Shepherd puppies for sale. Carefully selected pedigree with champion bloodlines, healthy genetic history and unparalleled.Best of both breeds as these will be very laid back, smart and loyal dogs. First pic is the 3 females, the rest are the.One of their other names, the Shichon Teddy Bear refers to their.Ready to go to their homes now! Purebred farm raised German Shepherd Puppies available. Not CKC registered. Vet checked, first shots, dewormed, etc. Text or email for more info. Will be ready first week October. Four boys two girls. Will have first shots. Both parents pure breed and darker complexion. Parents are family dogs with prefect demeanors and are great with children and chickens : even cats Pick up is an option in.And Button is very smart and interested in everything, so she is a cute tomboy. Their Mother is a German Shepherd and Bulldog. Both parents are loveable guard dogs. The mom loves playing fetch and is.Visit Website Below to Order Now! Shipping by seller German Shepherd puppies! Port Alberni 5 German Shepherd puppies left! Adorable, family friendly, excellent guard dog! Delivery Available to.Salmon Arm We have five adorable Lab cross puppies for sale!! They have been raised in a family home with kids and other pets. They will be.Raised in our family home, the puppies will be very well socialized. Pups ready October 24th at earliest. Mom is a gentle but playful longhair. Dad is a playful.Dam and Sire are full imported bloodlines from Germany. Excellent temperament, lots of working.They will be available for visits. But have to text me the date when you want to visit. My phone number is: The puppies will receive their first shot.They have all the vaccines and rabies shot. They have a puppy passport and document for.Very smart. Natural gaurd dog. They had first vet visit all healthy with first vacine,and will be micro chipped. CKC registered. Available July .Grand father of.Puppies will be ready for new home by October 17th. Breed: Purebred German Shepherd. Please Contact German Shepherd Lab Cross Smithers Looking to rehome due to the fact that him and our older dog do not get along and have personality differences that we have not been able to break. He is a loving dog with lots of energy and is.Females to 80 pounds.Males to pounds.Excellent Calm Temperments.Great All.Well socialized. Almost 7 weeks Born July 20th. First vaccines and deworming Parents have.Sound in mind and body, strong, functional, intelligent, trainable, courageous, and resilient. These are the natural qualities that can only be realized through the incredible genetics of purebred German Shepherds. We only import the best-of-the-best. Certified champions straight from Germany! Due to his home being burglarized in , Wayne decided to train dogs in tracking, obedience, and protection. His untrained Staffordshire Bullterrier was unable to protect his home and he then decided to obtain a Rottweiler for protection. Wayne continued to train Rottweilers up until the early 90s where he purchased his first German Shepherd. He was raised along side German Shepherds which had a huge impact toward his love and respect for the breed. At Kraftwerk K9, we honor the history of the German Shepherd. We here at Kraftwerk K9 care for and teach these world-class dogs to live up to their full potential. Our ethical breeding facility sits on 25 gorgeous acres of Washington soil and is available for touring before purchase. Take a look at our facility Learn more about our certified German Shepherds by calling today at or visiting our Available Dog page! Showing 1 - 40 of 64 resultsPage 1 - 64 results Sort by Your listing deserves to be on top. Best family dogs! Stunning GSD, champions working and protection dogs for generations; that means tested by time.Both German Shepherds come from a.Will likely be over 60 pounds. Some shorter coats , some longer. Well socialized and friendly. Best suited for guarding country homes or for families who.Stunning GSD, champions working and protection dogs for generations; that means tested by time and.Not neutered and no shots. Couldn't find vet. Rambunctious, energetic dog. Recommend large yard. See all 1 year old spayed Female German shepherd for sale. Pitt Meadows Lucy is a very nice spayed 16 months old German Shepherd. Rehoming her due to to her and my other female who is older fighting with each other. Iam worried they will get hurt. Lucy is very playful.Mom is a purebred longhaired german shepherd and father is a hound. There are 3 girls and 2 boys. They are ready to go to new homes on September 29th. Please Contact Cute 5 month old rescue puppy German shepherd mix. Vancouver Calm and cute puppy rescued from the streets of Mexico, His mom, a German Shepherd and 8 sibblings were tossed to the streets because mom had an affair with a non German Shepherd. Chester is a.The pups are ready to go to there forever home. Mom and dad are both purebred sable shepherds. They both are loyal and devoted to their family. One of a kind dogs. You won't be able to find this quality long coat German Shepards anywhere in Canada. Has all her shots and in good health. Comes with xl crate, bedding and toys. Active Singles and Family Fun! Come with vet record, vaccinated, dewormed, happy, healthy and, hand.Not fixed, has first round of shots, has basic training. John Looking for a good home for these two beauties. They are currently 13 weeks. Best of both breeds as these will be very laid back, smart and loyal dogs. First pic is the 3 females, the rest are the.One of their other names, the Shichon Teddy Bear refers to their.Ready to go to their homes now! Purebred farm raised German Shepherd Puppies available. Not CKC registered. Vet checked, first shots, dewormed, etc. Text or email for more info. Will be ready first week October. Four boys two girls. Will have first shots. Both parents pure breed and darker complexion. Parents are family dogs with prefect demeanors and are great with children and chickens : even cats Pick up is an option in.And Button is very smart and interested in everything, so she is a cute tomboy. Their Mother is a German Shepherd and Bulldog. Both parents are loveable guard dogs. The mom loves playing fetch and is.This month-old pure black German Shepherd is intelligent, loyal, and in need of a spacious environment. Port Alberni 5 German Shepherd puppies left! Adorable, family friendly, excellent guard dog! Delivery Available to.Salmon Arm We have five adorable Lab cross puppies for sale!! They have been raised in a family home with kids and other pets. They will be.Raised in our family home, the puppies will be very well socialized. Pups ready October 24th at earliest. Mom is a gentle but playful longhair. Dad is a playful.Dam and Sire are full imported bloodlines from Germany. Excellent temperament, lots of working.They will be available for visits. But have to text me the date when you want to visit. My phone number is: The puppies will receive their first shot.They have all the vaccines and rabies shot. They have a puppy passport and document for.Very smart. Natural gaurd dog. They had first vet visit all healthy with first vacine,and will be micro chipped. CKC registered. Available July .Grand father of.All shots up to date. She is spayed. Love to play. .Very good with children. She needs to go to a good home ASAP. Needs to be

If your puppy is doing zoomies around the house, a chew toy with peanut butter on it or a bully stick will most likely grab their attention and get them focused on chewing instead of running around being crazy. After a long chewing session and a potty break, your pup will happily lay down for a nap. However, it is important that you monitor your puppy with new chew toys. For example, some toys are less durable than others and your puppy will chew through those in just minutes. He would completely ignore it until we started putting his food in there and rolling it around for him. Eventually, he started chewing on it a little bit, then realized he loved chewing on it, and it was one of his favorites for a long time. So to get your puppy hooked on chew toys, here are five tips. Put peanut butter on it If you spread a little bit of peanut butter on a toy, your puppy will love it. This worked for Oliver, especially with new chew toys. If you use a toy bin and rotate toys, you can recreate that feeling over and over again. Choosing toys that are the right size for their mouths will help them enjoy it more, and also keep them safe. They help wear them out, help relieve pain from teething, and they keep your puppy from chewing up your house. Have any questions about chew toys for Golden Retriever puppies? Let me know in the comments below! Related articles:. Premium Mammoth Interactive Flossy chews color rope tug Toy Feeliong fancy and want to spoil your dog a little bit? Get this one. You can also use it if you have a medium breed, it also includes a ball for fetch. Outward hound hide-A-squirrel squeaky puzzle plush dog toy. Outward hound invincibles dog toy — stuffing — less squeaky. This toy is great for keeping them active inside and out, you can play fetch or tug-of-war with it. Multipet lambchop plush dog toy This cute toy will make your golden fall in love with it, they might form a bond with it and it will become their favorite toy. Outward hound Hedgehogz squeaky dog toy. It has a unique rounded shape that your retriever will love to snuggle with and carry wherever they go. This toy is suitable for all breeds because it has four sizes so if you have a large dog you can get this toy in a big size for them. Best pet supplies dog squeaky chew toys. It has a squeaker in the head and another one in the tail, this toy is also perfect for every size whether you have a golden retriever or Shih Tzu. Outward Hound Hide-A- Squirrel squeaky puzzle plush dog toy. Word of advice; if you have kids, keep them away from this one as they will want to have it for themselves instead of leaving it to the dog. If they do destroy it then you will need to replace it immediately. Multipet duckworth plush dog toy 13 This toy is so huggable and most dogs use it as a pillow due to its soft feeling and fluffiness. This fun toy is fluffy, soft, and has a squeaker, it can be for a gentle and playful fight but it can be easily destroyed. Check Price on Amazon Best Puzzle Toys for Their Mental Health Golden retrievers are an intelligent breed, they are the fourth smartest dog breed and they need to stay active, physically and mentally. So here are the best puzzle toys for their mental health. Like I mentioned above Nina Ottosson puzzles have many levels so you should start with the first one and work with them on the way up. Nina Ottosson by outward hound — interactive puzzle game dog toys. It will keep your dog mentally stimulating, it features 9 hidden compartments and they are covered by 9 removable dog bone pieces. You should hide their favorite treats in the compartments and elevate the bone. It reduces their boredom and any destructive behavior. These puzzles are both level two intermediate , you can choose either of them if you want, they are both the same idea. Nina Ottosson by outward hound interactive puzzle game dog toys. It will keep your pup busy and will prevent any destructible behavior. It means playing with your golden retriever too. Golden Retrievers love to be entertained and can provide hours of fun for both adults and children. However, many golden retrievers are left alone while busy owners go off to work each day and children are away at school. Ensuring that your golden retriever doesn't get bored and start eating your furniture and plants is another aspect of golden retriever ownership that many people neglect. This topic is dedicated to the best chew toys for golden retriever puppies in .Golden retriever dogs, especially puppies, love to chew. They'll chew anything in their path, from entire bushes to that pair of shoes you left outside the back door. For puppies, chewing relieves the pain of teething, while for others, they just like to gnaw on anything hard, including branches, sticks and, believe it or not, tools left lying around. To keep puppies and adult golden retrievers from damaging your property, make sure they have plenty of chew toys for golden retriever. These toys come in leather, plastic, and cloth and come in a variety of sizes and shapes. Chews toys also aid in dental care for both golden retriever puppies and adults and provide hours of entertainment and satisfaction. So do balls, ropes and yes, even human toys. Golden Retriever puppies love to fetch and jump, and owners would be well off purchasing a selection of Frisbees and balls to play with their golden retrievers. Golden Retrievers also seem to like toys that make noises, so squeaky toys should be on your shopping list. No matter what kind of toys you purchase for your golden retriever, or whatever your golden retriever manages to find lying around to mangle, make sure that you remove damaged toys that may break into small pieces and become lodged in your golden retriever's throat. Remember, you're not the only one who gets bored on occasion. Quality of life is as important for your golden retriever as it is for you. If your golden retriever is left alone all day, it's your responsibility to take the time to play with him when you get home, to make sure your golden retriever is getting an adequate amount of exercise and has interaction with his best friend. Classic Kong The Classic Kong is a versatile toy ideal for keeping your puppy entertained. Fill it with treats or peanut butter and freeze it for an added challenge. Teething toys are essential for puppies because they relieve teething discomfort. You can help your puppy through this challenging phase while protecting your home with suitable teething toys. Chewing on toys relieves sore gums and can help prevent destructive chewing behavior. To keep your puppy engaged and satisfied, provide a variety of textures and shapes. How To Choose The Best Toy Your Golden Retriever Puppy There are several factors to consider when choosing teething toys for puppies to ensure your furry friend gets the best toys for their needs. Here are some key points to remember: 1. To soothe their gums, for example, at weeks, you can select a Nylabone teething ring or a Kong Natural Teething Rubber Puppy Toy filled with frozen treats. You can introduce adult chew toys such as rope or fetch when they are past the teething stage around 24 weeks. The Type Of Toy Numerous teething toys for puppies are available, but some of the best options include sturdy rubber toys that provide both safety and durability. Bully sticks are also a good option for teething puppies. Many puppy teething toys are softer than adult toys because they are gentle enough for developing teeth but firm enough to withstand chewing. Look for durable rubber toys that can withstand chewing without breaking apart and posing a choking hazard. You can choose the best toys for your furry friend by keeping these factors in mind, allowing them to get through their teething phase easily and comfortably. Chewing is an innate need in dogs because it releases endorphins, which make them feel good and relaxed. Unfortunately, this can lead to destructive chewing of household items. In addition, chew toys are crucial for puppies during the teething stage. Their mouths become sore as their adult teeth emerge, and chew toys can provide relief. Furthermore, Golden Retrievers are known to be a mouthy breed. Because their breeding history includes carrying hunted birds in their mouths, they are accustomed to using their mouths frequently. As a result, chew toys are an essential tool for satisfying their needs while protecting your belongings. There is no wrong time for a puppy to pick up a chew toy and begin gnawing. Chew toys are beneficial during crate training because they can keep your pup entertained and focused on something that makes them happy rather than feeling lonely in their crate. If your dog is tearing around the house, a peanut butter chew toy or a bully stick can be a great way to distract them and get them to focus on something else. Additionally, chew toys can help a hyper puppy relax. Your pup will be ready to nap after a chewing session and a quick potty break. Supervising your puppy when using new chew toys is critical because some are less durable than others and can be easily chewed through. If your puppy chews through the toy quickly, the pieces may be swallowed or choked on. Here are some valuable tips to help your puppy learn to love their chew toys: Treat them with peanut butter: Most puppies adore peanut butter, and smearing some on a new chew toy can instantly make it more appealing. As they lick and chew the toy, they associate it with the tasty treat and develop a fondness for it. Toy rotation and storage: Because puppies enjoy new toys, try rotating and storing their chew toys in a toy bin. Toys that are too small can pose a choking hazard, whereas toys that are too large may be difficult for your dog to grip and chew on. Put toys in the freezer: When your puppy is teething, their mouth may be sore and hot. Put their chew toys in the freezer for a few minutes to cool them down and provide extra relief for their sore gums. Praise them for chewing: Positive reinforcement is essential for getting your puppy to enjoy their chew toys. Chewing is an entirely normal behavior in dogs, but it can become a problem when it becomes excessive and causes damage to household items such as shoes, carpets, and clothing. To prevent this, provide your Golden Retriever with a safe chew toy they can enjoy. Another cause of excessive chewing in dogs is a lack of attention from their owner. Training is also essential in reducing excessive chewing habits. Teach your dog not to chew on anything they come across by rewarding good behavior with positive reinforcement. Finally, exercise is essential. Golden retrievers are active dogs who require moderate to vigorous exercise regularly. They may become destructive and aggressive chewers if they do not get enough exercise. So give them plenty of opportunities to run, play, and let off steam healthily. The frequency at which you need to replace the toys will depend on how aggressively your puppy chews and how often they play with the toys. As a general rule of thumb, you should replace teething toys when they become damaged or start to show signs of wear, as this can pose a choking hazard or lead to ingestion of small pieces. Can I give my Golden Retriever puppy frozen teething toys? You can give your Golden Retriever puppy frozen teething toys. Frozen toys can provide additional relief for sore and swollen gums during the teething process. Be sure to monitor your puppy when they are playing with frozen toys and remove them if they become damaged or if your puppy seems to be having difficulty chewing. Golden Retriever puppies, like all puppies, will go through a teething phase during which they may be more prone to biting and chewing on objects around the house. Providing appropriate teething toys can redirect their chewing behavior to appropriate objects and help prevent destructive chewing of household items. Additionally, consistent positive reinforcement training can help teach your puppy appropriate chewing behavior. Toys that are designed to promote dental health often have ridges, bumps, or other textures that can help scrape away plaque and tartar as your puppy chews. Some toys may also contain enzymes that break down plaque and tartar, reducing the risk of dental problems. Harder toys made from materials like nylon or hard rubber can also help clean teeth and exercise the jaw. Galen has been connecting quality Golden Retriever breeders with loving families since and is the founder of My Golden Retriever Puppies. He and his wife have four children and love spending time together, traveling lived oversees for 4 years , enjoying the outdoors and connecting Golden families. Be the first to know when we have new puppies! All Rights Reserved. The below picks are toys for Golden Retrievers that are fully grown. For most Goldens, the toys I have recommended below will be great choices. If your dog is known to destroy and chew up his toys, skip to the section below on toys for chewers. Reminder, as a veterinarian I have to point out that even non-chewers should not be left alone with a toy. The large size Bob-A-Lot from Starmark can fit up to 3 cups of food so you can serve a whole meal in the toy. The toy method of feeding is great for smart dogs like Golden Retrievers and keeps them from eating too fast. You can also add treats to the inside to encourage them to play with it. It is easy for your Golden to pick up and carry. All of this makes this one of the best toys for Golden Retrievers which is why I usually have a couple rolling around my house. This plush stuffed critter is one of our favorite toys for Golden Retrievers. It is fairly sturdy so it can handle a lot of shaking and a little bit of tugging. Plus it is just really cute and will pose well with your pup for all sorts of photos. They just love it so much that I keep buying it. However, the topic of toy destroying leads to my next section on toys for Golden Retrievers who are chewers. Many companies claim their toy is chew proof but there is no such thing. All dogs should be watched carefully as they play with their toys so that you can take them away if they start eating the pieces. However if your dog is a moderate chewer, here are two that my toy destroying dogs enjoy. The good news is that inside the toy is a Kong toy so even after they remove the fabric, your pup will still have a great toy to play with. The Wubba is great because they or you can throw it around, play tug, or just carry it around the house. They do come smaller for young puppies. These balls dispense treats or dog food and can hold up to some moderate chewing remember no toys will outlast a really aggressive chewer. My dogs love these types of toys. This will keep them entertained for a bit and the larger the pieces you put into it, the longer it takes them to get them out. Best Toys for Golden Retrievers — Puppies Puppies have special needs in each part of their development. Although they can of course play with all of the toys listed above, we have chosen a few that are just for the little ones. Just like human kids, Golden Retriever puppies lose their baby teeth and gain adult teeth. This happens from 12 weeks to about 6 months of age for a Golden Retriever puppy. The linked product is a 6 pack of fun shapes so they can have one in every room. These toys are durable, but you should always watch your puppy carefully as they chew and play with toys. If your pup starts getting some string loose, take it away immediately because string can cause GI problems. After they get used to the noises, they really enjoy tossing this around to get it to make the sounds. Lesson learned: Do not give the Giggler to your puppy and then get on a conference call with work, enough said. Best Stuffed Puppy Toy. A soft fetch toy designed to fly like a Frisbee, the Flippy Flopper floats in water, allowing it to be used on land or lake. Sturdy enough for outdoor use, this toy is not meant to be chewed and dogs should not play with it unsupervised. This toy is also ideal to get future sporting dogs used to retrieving objects from the water. While all the toys we listed could be used by any age dog, some will likely suit certain age groups better. Puppies, for example, may be more likely to destroy their toys than an older dog, even those not meant to be chewed. Older Goldens may get less use out of the more active toys like the ChuckIt! Many of the toys we listed, even those designated as chew toys, are still vulnerable to destruction by aggressive chewers. Do you need a toy you can hand off to your dog and allow them to entertain themselves without help from you? A Kong or an activity board might be your best bet. Or are you searching for a toy you and your dog can play with together? Consider a ChuckIt! Something like a Kong Jumbler might do the trick. Do you want a toy that your kids can use to play with your dog? Classic allows you to help your dog expend energy without needing to use much yourself. Our best toy for the money, the Mammoth Rope Tug , serves multiple play functions all in one reasonably priced object. No matter what style of play your dog prefers, you can find a toy that fits. Hopefully, our reviews of these 10 toys gave you some helpful guidance on your quest to find the perfect toy for your Golden Retriever. See also:. Safe for both adult and puppy Tempting beef scent Carry on reading to discover why we made these choices, and lots of tips and buying advice to ensure you get the right product. As well as potentially choking on them, broken toys can cause a host of internal problems for you golden, too. Safe Materials The best chew toys are fairly hard and durable, but there are a few other things you should look out for when making a decision. If possible, always opt for toys made of non-toxic materials. That way, if they do chew off and swallow any of it, the internal damage can be somewhat mitigated. Be Prepared To Pay For Quality Not all expensive dog toys are high quality, but most high-quality dog toys are more expensive than the run-of-the-mill toys you can pick up at your neighborhood dollar store. Spending a little more money now to get a durable, safe and fun toy that will last is ultimately less expensive in the long run than having to continually replace cheap toys that your dog can destroy within hours. As with any product, the best materials will necessarily cost a little more. Certain materials lend themselves to durability — one of the most important features of a high-quality chew toy for golden retrievers. Favorite brands like KONG and Goughnuts make some of the toughest and most durable chew toys on the planet, and they use special formulations of hard rubber to achieve this. Rope Toys A close second to hard rubber is the huge balls of rope that many dogs love playing tug-of-war with. The plush fabric can be torn apart easily and swallowed. Any stuffing and squeakers can be swallowed, too — a definite choking hazard and something that could cause internal damage. Like a plush toy, they can easily be chewed apart in a few hours by a power chewer, and the likely included squeaker can, again, cause health problems if swallowed. Plastic While plastic is often just about hard enough to withstand the jaws of a heavy chewer, it scratches up easily and — if it does break — could see your dog swallowing sharp bits of plastic. These toys will keep your pooch entertained for hours, and hopefully your belongings intact and safe for far longer. Incredibly tough and durable, these toys are able to withstand a lot of pressure from gnashing teeth and can last for years. The idea is to stuff it with treats or kibble and let your retriever toil to get it out; keeping them busy for a few hours. First, they need to control the wobbling toy and stop it from rolling away from them! Top Features Great for dogs that eat too fast — the unpredictable dispenser helps them slow down, work for, and savor their food and treats It wobbles unpredictably, keeping your dog interested and challenged Can be used at mealtimes as an alternative dog bowl or for treating your dog Made in the USA Made of FDA-approved, high-strength plastic polymer Dishwasher safe with a twist-off dispenser Click Here For Price West Paw is another brand that specializes in high-quality dog chew toys. This Hurley bone chew is the perfect toy for golden retrievers that love to play fetch and gnaw on rawhide. Brightly colored so you can spot them outside Very durable and able to withstand heavy chewing Made in the US.

For the complete list please see our Boxer Breeders List page. Boxers are best known for their short coats, but they also come in long-haired varieties. Prices vary on the type of coat. The price of a boxer puppy may also vary because of the place you get the Boxer. For example, most breeders in or around Connecticut charge significantly more than a breeder who is located in another state or country. Prices will also fluctuate depending on whether or not the puppy is show-quality. Boxers are known for being loyal to their families and being intelligent. They are generally very friendly with children, strangers, and other animals unless they have been trained to be aggressive American Kennel Club. They require moderate exercise but do best in homes where someone is around during the day because they do not like being left alone especially if they have never been apart from them before. Overall these characteristics make the Boxer a great family pet. These clearances can be found by looking up the parent dogs on the OFA website offa. They should also show you where and how they were raised and keep them until they are at least eight weeks old to ensure that they have been properly socialized, which is crucial for a Boxer puppy. Ask about any hip or eye problems in their lines Where and how many generations of champion bloodlines do they go back? This is usually more important for those who want to breed their new puppy as it shows they have a lot of knowledge about the breed and can provide you with knowledgeable information. Are there any known health problems in their lines? Most responsible breeders will be able to tell you that they care for all of their dogs and even give them regular check-ups and if not, this is a red flag. Visit Your Connecticut Boxer Breeder in Person In order to find a responsible breeder, it is important to do some research. A decent Boxer breeder should be more than willing to tell you about themselves and their dogs. When you visit your Connecticut boxer breeder in person, look for cleanliness and organization of the house or kennel. The area should not have any bad odors, and the puppies should appear healthy with shiny coats and bright eyes. They may be very active, which is normal but if they seem lethargic this could be an indication of illness or improper nutrition. It is also recommended that you ask for references from previous customers as well as veterinarians who have seen these dogs before. This will help ensure that you make a good investment when looking for a Boxer puppy. Questions to Ask Ask for References from Your Boxer Breeder in Connecticut Once you have found a breeder that meets the previous criteria, it is time to ask for references. A responsible Boxer Breeder will be able to provide any information about their dogs that you request. Ask them if you can speak with past customers of theirs so that you can find out how they were trained and cared for as well as the personality of these dogs. This way, you are making sure that this potential dog is right for your family before you make any final decisions. References can also be found online. If you find nothing, this may be a red flag since anyone can put anything on the internet. Make sure to contact them directly instead of through their website or Facebook page to avoid scams or other dishonest sellers who use these outlets for marketing purposes only. This allows you to get a more honest opinion about the breeder and their dogs without worrying about repercussions later on. We all know that there is little recourse for unsatisfied customers but rest assured knowing that these people will not hesitate to give you an honest answer if given permission to speak freely. Meeting past customers will also give you a better idea of what type of dog they have put into your family. Meeting the previous owners allows you to look for certain traits in a potential puppy, such as energy levels or age appropriateness. Another good way to find out about your breeder is to ask them if they have a veterinarian that they use for their dogs. A responsible boxer breeder should be able to provide you with this information without hesitation since taking care of their animals is important to them. If the Boxer Breeder does not have any sort of medical history available about their lines, this might be a red flag. If they are unwilling or unable to answer these questions, this could also mean that they are hiding something from you or do not know the answers themselves. These individuals may be backyard breeders or puppy mill owners who are looking to make a quick buck and care little about the health of their animals or their customers. A few signs that your Connecticut Boxer Breeder is unethical include: They Do Not Have References- If you ask your breeder if they can provide any references from past buyers and they refuse, this could mean several things; Either they do not know how to get in touch with them unlikely or there is something wrong with these dogs that no one wants to talk about. Inquiring further will help you identify which it is but under either circumstance, it is best not to work with this kind of breeder. They Have Inflated Prices- Another way to spot an unethical boxer breeder is by the prices that they have listed on their dogs. If these Boxer dogs seem much more expensive than other breeders you have looked at, this might be a sign that something is wrong with them. This could involve health issues or genetics, but it is likely just a scheme to get more money from you without putting in the proper amount of time and care into these animals. Very Little Information about Their Breeding Program- Ethical and good Dog Breeders will do everything that they can to supply you with as many details about their breeding program as possible. They want you to feel safe and comfortable knowing what types of treatments the dog will receive and what they will be born into. There is no excuse not to provide you with this information; if your Lab Dog Breeder does not, then move on to another one. If you want a full-bred Boxer dog, make sure that you tell them before you purchase the animal. Many responsible breeders ask their customers for preferences when it comes to the age or sex of their dogs so that they can match up your needs with the right puppy. Responsible breeders will not only be able to answer this question, but they should also be able to provide you with information on what type of issues other puppy owners have experienced. If the breeder claims that all of their Boxer Dogs are healthy, then you should push for further explanation. If none of the puppies or adults have any medical concerns then that should be something that makes you feel safe. However, if there were previous owners who dealt with anything severe in the past, this information should still be available somewhere. This can include genetic conditions or simply problems with allergies or skin rashes. How to Prepare Your Home for Your Boxer Puppy When you look at a breed as hearty as the Boxer, it can be easy to underestimate how much work and time this dog will need to be happy and healthy. However, if treated properly and cared for well by their owners, these dogs can make excellent pets; which is why it is so important that you take the following steps before bringing your pup home: The biggest thing that you want to do before you bring your Boxer home is to make sure that the living conditions are appropriate for this breed. You will want to have a large, fenced-in yard where your dog can move around freely and play. If you live in an apartment or condo, then it may be time to start looking into other options; Boxers need room to run which cannot be provided adequately in these types of environments. Another important thing that needs to be prepared is the area where your puppy will sleep at night. Not only should it be isolated from any drafts or cold air, but it should also provide warmth during the winter months. Be sure to look into buying bedding or blankets specifically designed for dogs if necessary. Your Boxer will also require training as soon as possible. This breed is known for having extremely high intelligence, but it does not come naturally to them; you will need to work hard to train your Boxer Puppy and give them boundaries that they can grow up comfortably within. You should start this process as early as possible so that it becomes second nature by the time your pup turns into an adult and needs more rules and regulations than just potty training. Potty Training Your New Boxer Puppy The most important thing that you need to teach your new Boxer is how to use the potty appropriately. You do not want to deal with any accidents in the house, and making sure they are trained properly will ensure that this does not happen. The best way to accomplish this is through crate training; it may be a very foreign concept for many owners, but it is also one of the most effective methods when it comes to house-breaking puppies. It is recommended that you put your Boxer Puppy into a crate at night while you sleep and then carefully take them out first thing in the morning so that they can use the bathroom right away. Do not allow them too much time without being taken just before bed because they might make a mistake in your absence. Another important step that you should take is to keep your puppy on a strict schedule; this means taking them out for walks regularly and making time every few hours to play with them, feed them, and then let them use the bathroom once more. This will ensure that they do not have accidents inside of the house because their body will be used to getting into the habit of relieving themselves outside. You need to make sure that there are no areas where they can get injured or choke on something by accident. I love animals and love helping people adopt a pet. It all started when attending Missouri State University and I began volunteering at an animal shelter. Nowadays, boxers have become popular for most pet owners. It is because despite their medium size build, they are considered as working dogs. They were first developed in Germany. Later, they were bred around the world. The American Kennel Club is one of the major dog registries. They have strict guidelines to the kind of dogs that are bred to be registered. History of Boxer Puppies Boxers were first bred in Germany. They were made to be working, guard dogs because of their muscled, lean build. In the 19th century, they were bred to be bull baiting dogs. Later, they became helpers for butchers and keeping cattle under control in slaughterhouses. Boxers came from the line of bullenbaiser breeds which are now extinct that are paired with bulldog and mastiffs. It is possible that boxers were also cross-bred with terriers and Great Danes. Boxers actually got their name from how they play with their forepaws. Others say their name comes from the German word boxl, the slaughterhouses they came from. Boxers were not popular in America until after World War I. Since then, they were the first dogs to be used as police dogs. They have also been used as seeing-eye dogs. Characteristics of a Boxer Dog Appearance Boxers are typically medium sized dogs with a short back and tail. Some are also larger built. They are built with a solid body that usually stands at attention. Their jaw also has an underbite, which means their teeth protrudes outside their mouth. They are actually made bred working guard dogs. They have a square-head that makes them look menacing and intimidating. However, boxers are not as fierce as they appear to be. Male boxers can weigh up to 65 to 80 pounds which is around 30 to 36 kilograms and can grow up to 25 inches. Females, however, can grow up to 21 inches and weigh lower than male. Females would weigh around 22 to 30 kilograms. They have a broad chest and a short, muzzled, snout. Their bodies are usually taut and tight with muscles that are usually noticeable. The ears are supposedly cropped but most are naturally folded. Most of the colors of a boxer would be brindle, mahogany or fawn. Some may or may not have white flash markings seen on their chest area. So, it is not difficult to groom them. Temperament Boxer dogs are highly intelligent. They like to stay busy and active. They love to be around people and are not loud barkers. They only bark when they see something unusual. When this happens, it is important to always take note. However, they do give out sounds like snorts, grumbles and small growls. These are actually just their way of talking. A lot of people find these sounds adorable. They also snore frequently when they sleep. Even with their menacing looks, boxers are actually friendly and playful. They are affectionate towards their owners. Not only that, they are fiercely loyal to their owners and will guard their family and their home from strangers. They are also known to be affectionate to children as well. This makes them a good companion for owners with families. Boxers are great with other pets. They easily get along because of their witty, high energy behavior. However, it is important to keep them away from neighboring animals outside the house. They are known to attack other animals randomly. They also can be aggressive to their own species especially towards the males. It is important to always keep them supervised at all times when they are outdoors. Also, they should already begin socializing with other pets at a young age. Boxers are also stubborn. They can usually get away from trouble. They would also pout once they feel they are not getting what they want. Because of this, potential boxer owners should always show the dogs that they are the ones in charge. Health Issues Any living being can be prone to various health problems. Unfortunately, unlike most dogs boxers have a shorter lifespan. Moreover, boxers can live at most 10 years. Majority of the diseases reported that boxers are prone to are cancer and heart disease. They can also contract digestive diseases, eye diseases, skin tumors and even allergies. They are also prone to back and knee problems, including arthritis. Also, boxers are known to slobber excessively. It is because of their loose lips that they slobber and drool naturally. It is not something to be worried too much about. However, it is important to also keep your boxer dogs away from high amounts of heat. When boxers eat, they gulp in air and as a result causing an excess amounts into their stomach. The excess gas, of course, needs to be released. Hence, there are some digestion problems. This can be remedied, though, by a change in their diet. There are pet stores that specialize in meals intended for boxers. These puppies are also sensitive to extreme temperatures even when they grow older. They are very prone to heatstrokes. Make sure that they get ample amount of water and shade when they are taken outdoors. At the same time, they also cannot be in extremely cold temperatures. Activities and Training Boxers are bouncy, playful and active. Because of this, they need to be outdoors all the time. They cannot sit still when kept indoors for long periods of time. They constantly need long walks daily. They should also be kept physically active and mentally fit. The kind of vigor boxers have are suitable for large families with children. They are also good for individuals who live an active lifestyle and high energy. People who like sports and games are a good match for these pups. Pet owners are expected to be jumped by them because of their bouncy and bubbly personality. Training boxers is not usually a challenging task for breeders. This is because boxers are smart and intelligent. They can learn very quickly. They can easily understand and do what is expected of them. However, training should be done consistently. Because they are strong-minded, boxers usually would play the leadership role. They are usually like that especially if they are around other pets in the house. They are reliable when it comes to keeping things in control with other pets. Getting a New Puppy When you keep a boxer, you are assured of a loyal, devoted dog that will stand by you all the time. In addition to our selection of designer and purebred puppies for sale, we offer expert dog training, professional pet grooming and the best pet supplies, pet foods and pet products available at the low prices.

Use tab to navigate through the menu items. While both make wonderful family pets, the improved health and longevity of the English Cream Goldens has earned them a special place in our hearts, and we want to give you a chance to enjoy the boundless love and companionship these amazing dogs have to offer. All Golden Retrievers are descended from a line originally bred in Scotland in the late 's, and they come in a spectrum of colors ranging from pale cream to golden red. The other nicknames are used by Americans to differentiate the American Goldens from those bred to conform to the European breed standards. In addition to their distinctive pale cream coat, the European standards typically produce Goldens with a blockier head, slightly shorter frame, and a more mellow temperament than their American counterparts. We love the English Cream Goldens for their striking good looks and gentle, intelligent and eager-to-please disposition. This generally affords them longer, healthier lives and is most likely due to the greater genetic diversity among the European bloodlines. Our emphasis when breeding is on optimal health and temperament of our puppies. European bloodlines provide greater genetic diversity for improved health and longevity. Our golden retrievers and their puppies are raised with love as pets and family members. Bonsaviour Retrievers is located in the picturesque tiny town of Whinston, and parents produce all puppies with long-established, confirmed bloodlines. Bonsaivour Retrievers only have three to four litters yearly and are fed a raw meat and vegetable diet with extra vitamins. As pups are carefully planned and reared in the home, it is advisable to reserve a puppy from a planned litter. A deposit of pounds is required to reserve a puppy, and each Golden Retriever puppy now costs 3, pounds. All of their stud dogs and Kennel Club-accredited breeders are documented. Before being placed in their new homes, all puppies are thoroughly socialized and screened for health. In addition, the puppies are microchipped, dewormed, accompanied by a puppy pack, and come with six weeks of complimentary insurance. Not only are all pups socialized before going to their new homes, but you also receive a comprehensive health guarantee and, if necessary, puppy transportation. All pups sold by Harmony Golden Retriever include an ISO microchip, a health guarantee, playthings and snacks, and much more. Also included is a day money-back guarantee. On their website, they list the Golden Retriever pups, and there are also owner testimonials. They breed Golden Retrievers seldom and strive to create dogs true to kind. Before breeding, all dogs are screened for genetic disorders, and the website has information on both male and female dogs. If you are interested in purchasing one of their Golden Retrievers, you must do it as soon as possible. You may also see picture albums and puppy albums on their website and information on their show results. Location: Leicestershire, UK. Quality Not Quantity Our aim is to breed dogs as near the breed standard as possible. As a small breeder, we at Bonsaviour aim to have approximately 3 to 4 litters per annum, selecting our Dam and Sire carefully and concentrating on quality, healthy puppies as a priority. Bonsaviour dogs are fed a natural BARF diet which is keeping them all extremely fit and well. The barf diet is based on raw meat and meaty bones along with a few vegetables and added vitamins. More about puppies About us At Bonsaviour all of our dogs are first and foremost our companions and their welfare and happiness is of paramount importance to us. We are dedicated and love our dogs they are part of our family, they all live inside our home and are cared for in the best possible way for health, happiness and temperament. Our puppies are reared naturally for true health and temperament and are used to the normal day to day living. The puppies are socialised with our grandchildren and all the normal noises such as the hoover and TV. When the puppies are 8 weeks old and are ready to move on to the new family we guarantee the puppy will be a confident healthy and happy puppy. Bonsaviour are committed, responsible breeders rearing our puppies on a natural diet as nature intended for health. We're based in a small village in the beautiful, wooded countryside of Neachley which is near the village of Albrighton in the County of Shropshire West Midlands UK. Golden Retriever Puppies are available all year round, all bred from parents not only of superb quality from long-established proven bloodlines, but also with wonderful temperaments - a factor on which we place great importance. Our puppies are bred with love for type, temperament, intelligence and health, making excellent companions, as well as being suitable for the various purposes for which these dogs are renowned. Retrievers are wonderful dogs with great temperaments and we are sure that you and your family will be happy to become Retriever Lovers. Our Buddy is a lively, loving and gentle boy. With a teenager attitude right now. We had a puppy from you last year. He was born in March and we picked him up in May. We called him Alfie. Any accolades gained are from our customer or Independant third party reviews. In the "Dog World", ferocious opinions clash all the time. Our philosophy can be digested from the following article. Some of our Retrievers Puppies Litters of puppies are planned very carefully and are born and raised in the house. Bonsaviour puppies are adapted to family life well before they leave us. We have an occasional litter each year, most often puppies are sold before they are born. Reserving a puppy from planned litters is recommended. If you are interested in a puppy, we will require some background information about yourself, your family members, your home and lifestyle, including where you live, whether you have owned a pet before, opportunities for exercise and when you hope to welcome a new addition to your home. We are very happy to help in the process of selecting a puppy that is right for you and your family. When you purchase a puppy from Bonsaviour we will always be here to offer support for you and your puppy and help with any questions you might have for the life ofyour puppy and beyond. This is one of the finest family dogs in the world: cheerful, demonstrative, trustworthy with everyone, and forgiving of any mistakes made by inexperienced owners. Give this breed two brisk walks each day, play fetch games, and take him out for a good run once a week, and he is adaptable to almost any lifestyle. Friendly with everyone strangers, children, dogs, cats, smaller pets , his bark is welcoming rather than protective. You must control his tendency to chew on objects and to mouth your hands -- provide a box filled with toys so he can carry things around in his mouth. A Golden Retriever remains enthusiastically puppy-like for many years, so early obedience training is required to instill calmness and good manners. Eager to please and wonderfully responsive, he is nonetheless distracted by exciting sights and sounds, so you must be both patient and persistent. The mind and heart of a Golden is sweet and gentle, but his body is robust — until he's taught not to pull on the leash, you'll need good biceps to walk him. Our beautiful girl was born last April and we collected her in June. We named her Sienna and she is just the most adorable and loving girl. She loves going for long walks and running round the fields surrounding our home, although she does manage to seek out every muddy puddle to roll around in. She loves nothing more than playing hide and seek with her many toys and is so clever, she always finds them. My favourite time is in the evening, when she becomes sleepy and snuggles on the sofa with us, being totally pampered. We absolutely adore her and feel so blessed she is part of our family. Thanks again Jude. There are, however, Golden Retrievers of many shades of gold; ranging from the very light cream to very dark ones. The below photo of the 5 KYON dogs sitting shows our typical colour range. In recent years there, unfortunately, have been marketing strategies in place which have given customers the incorrect impression that it is only the very light cream colour that distinguishes a Golden Retriever of British style from the more American Style Golden. This is totally incorrect, as the British standard allows for any shade of cream or gold. The cream-coloured Golden Retrievers are furthermore not any healthier, nor do they live any longer than their more Golden-coloured counterparts. We have, however, never bred for colour — but rather we have carefully kept longevity and health in mind, right from the very start. The pups from our very first litter ALL made it into their 17th year. That set the standard very high for us as breeders and this bar has nothing to do with the colour of the dogs. From that first litter of 6 pups; 1 was a rich gold, 1 was medium gold, 2 were pale gold and 2 were cream. Their sire was a handsome cream boy and their dam a lovely rich golden. Ever since that time we have valued the whole spectrum of golden and cream colour in the British style Golden Retriever. We are possibly most known for our very light Golden Retrievers, however, we also breed many dogs that range from a light honey to a rich golden in colour. Most importantly, we have never based any breeding decision on colour. It is our long experience and our carefully developed KYON line that ensures the health and longevity of our golden Retrievers, not their colour. The below standing dogs further illustrate the full colour spectrum of our Kyon golden retrievers- from the palest cream to a rich gold.

Adopt a new best friend. By choosing to adopt, you participate in a statewide effort to provide homes for deserving and loyal German Shepherds. We cover all vet expenses and will purchase all needed supplies for your foster dog while they are in your care. Adopt a Dog Help us help future dogs. Donate your time. Campaign for fundraising. Transport dogs to their destinations. Make a difference in the German Shepherd community. Apply to volunteer with us and provide care for German Shepherds that truly need it. Apply to Volunteer We have found homes for hundreds of happy German Shepherds. Below is a list of German Shepherds that have successfully found a new home. German Shepherd adoption has changed our lives, and it can change yours, too. Bodie A friendly German Shepherd with a lovely black coat. Bodie was a lovely, personable German Shepherd that was finally adopted by a loving family after a long battle with homelessness. She also loves engaging in friendly play with cats! Jill Adopted in , Jill became a playful and positive addition to her family. Jill had previously completed behavioral training prior to adoption, making her an asset to any home. Now, she enjoys daily walks to local parks. Mesaba Once abandoned by his previous owner, Mesaba found a loving family in Georgia, who named him Mesaba after their Minnesotan roots. Mesaba now enjoys walks in the park, play time with friends, and a loving family. Giroux After previous domestic issues with cats, Giroux found a home with one of our volunteers. He now enjoys cheering up his new owner, who has previously lost a German Shepherd to age-related difficulties. Abbie After a history of neglect, Abbie was able to recover from her past trauma and find a loving and accepting home in .She now enjoys playing hide-and-find with new toys, playing in the local pond, and being part of her new family. Fletcher After abandonment from his previous owners, Fletcher was finally able to join his new and supportive family. He now enjoys long walks, lots of attention and plenty of space for personal recreation. Matilda Matilda was shy before reaching out shelter - but after some training, she was finally able to come out of her shell! She now spends time with her new family, receiving more love than she could ever imagine! Queen Adopted in , Queen is a playful and positive addition to any family. Queen had previously completed behavioral training prior to adoption, making her an asset to any home. Ike Ike is the life of the party. We are pleased to announced that after years of neglect, Ike was finally able to join a family of his own. Now, Ike enjoys playing with his new owners and enjoying a life of abundant love and affection. She was once abandoned by her previous owners, but with some care and rehabilitation, Lady was able to relocate to a loving family of her own! Schatzi Talk about playful! Schahtzi is a lovely German Shepherd that was able to join a loving family after a past of neglect. Now, she enjoys lots of exercise and good memories with his new family. See More Alumni Give in memoriam. To us, a dog is family. Every pet has a story, how they were rescued and what they meant to us. Tell us your story. Degenerative Myelopathy Von Willebrand Disease Perhaps the most well-known is hip dysplasia, a condition that causes the hip joint to develop abnormally. This can lead to pain and lameness, and eventually requiring surgery. German Shepherds are also at risk for elbow dysplasia, a similar condition that affects the elbow joint. Other common health problems include allergies, intestinal issues, and eye problems. With proper care and diet, however, German Shepherds can live long and healthy lives. Finding a German Shepherd puppy for sale from a reputable breeder can dramatically — although, not eliminate — the risk of your dog developing some of these conditions. While German Shepherds are often considered to be low-maintenance when it comes to grooming, their coats do require some care and attention. The most important thing to know about German Shepherd coat care is that the breed does not shed uniformly throughout the year. After the shedding period has ended, you can reduce the frequency of brushing to once or twice a week. In addition to regular brushing, German Shepherds also need to be bathed on occasion. How often you need to bathe your German Shepherd will depend on factors such as how often they play outside and whether they have any allergies or skin sensitivities. Generally speaking, however, a once-monthly bath is sufficient for most dogs. German Shepherd Puppies For Sale.

It needs those naps to rest and grow both physically and memory-wise. Several reasons explain why your pup naps most of the day. Usually, puppies and older dogs tend to sleep more than young-adult and middle-aged dogs. Your Golden Retriever will need lots of sleeping time when young and old aged. Puppies are usually jumpy and hyperactive, and enough sleep helps recharge their burned-out energy. Large dogs need enough sleep since they require more metabolic energy to sustain their bigger bodies. Weather Hot weather can make Golden Retrievers sleep a lot! If your dog begins to sleep more than usual during the hot weather, it could be because the current climate makes him lethargic. If he continues oversleeping even during normal weather conditions, you should take him to the vet for a check-up. If your dog suddenly starts napping for extended hours, looks tired when awake, and has other symptoms like vomiting, you should immediately take it to a veterinarian. Boredom As spunky, energetic, and an active dog, a golden retriever can get uninterested and bored when not engaged in activities and exercises more frequently. Golden Retrievers need to exercise for about minutes every 24 hours. Usually, your dog will thrive mainly on agility and obedience training, socialization, consistent routines, and other activities to be happy, satisfied, and a good apartment companion. Exercising your puppy will tremendously aid his physical and mental wellbeing, making him more relaxed, easy to live with, and a fun dog to have around you all the time. Diet Diet can also affect how much Golden Retrievers sleep. Try to analyze if their sleeping habits changed after a diet change. You should feed your dog the right type and amount of food. Here is a sleeping routine for most puppies, seniors, and adult golden retrievers. Golden Retriever Puppies Due to their energetic natures, puppies sleep more than full-grown dogs, with shorter sleeping sessions during the day. A Golden Retriever puppy can sleep for approximately 20 hours a day. Sleep aids their overall development and happiness. Sometimes puppies can ignore their sleeping cues when engaged in fun and engaging activities. Poor sleep routines can affect its immune system and overall growth. Having a schedule for your dog can ensure your dog sleeps adequately. Adult Golden Retrievers Usually, adult retrievers sleep for roughly hours every day. Senior Goldens Your dog will start napping more often and for longer hours when it gets old. On average, senior Golden Retrievers need hours of sleep daily. These rests help maintain their lower energy levels. All dogs, whether old or young, require a comfortable sleeping area. This area needs to be warm, draught-free, and big enough for the pup. You should train it to willingly go to its sleeping location without associating it with a negative experience. As highly affectionate and loving dogs, Golden Retrievers like sleeping with their owners, which is beneficial. However, if you want to sleep near your pup, it would be best you put its bed in your room instead of sharing a bed with it. A study showed that having your dog sleep in the same room with you is more beneficial than sharing your bed with it. Sharing a bed with your dog can have adverse effects. Your dog can bring dirt or bacteria, fleas, and ticks in your bed or affect your love life. If your pooch assumes this sleeping position, it implies it feels safe and comfortable. Superman When dogs sleep this way, they lay on their stomach with the legs stretched out. This position shows how energetic and lively your dog is. Side Sleeping Most pups love this position. Your dog sleeps in this position by lying on its side and extends its legs. Most canines sleep this way when they feel relaxed, safe, and are sleeping in a comfortably warm area. The Donut Your pooch assumes this sleeping posture by curling up like a ball with its limbs tucked very close to his body to preserve his body warmth or when he feels insecure. If your dog sleeps this way, you should find out why and take the best approach. Concluding Thoughts Dogs need sufficient and comfortable sleep, just like us humans. If your dog sleeps a lot, you should allow it. How Much Sleep Golden Retrievers Actually Need July 26, Some of the links in this post are affiliate links, which means I may receive a commission if you click on a link and purchase the item. This comes at no extra cost to you. Do you ever wonder how much sleep your Golden Retriever should be getting? How long Golden Retrievers sleep depends on several factors such as age, health, and lifestyle. Golden Retrievers sleep about 12 to 14 hours each day, with puppies and senior Golden Retrievers sleeping a little bit more. The age of a Golden Retriever is often the most significant factor that influences how much they sleep. Dogs are a crepuscular species. This means they are naturally most active at dawn and dusk. Evening zoomies, anyone?! They tend to sleep for chunks of time throughout the day and night, and can be fairly flexible and adaptable with their sleep patterns. Golden Retriever puppies need about 18 hours of sleep and rest each day. Puppies are baby animals, and babies need a lot of sleep. They are undergoing major physical and mental growth, and sleep is important to ensuring proper development. You might notice that some days your puppy seems to need a lot of sleep, and may even exceed 18 hours. Long naps might indicate that your puppy is having a growth spurt, and needs the extra rest. Other days your Golden Retriever puppy may not be as inclined to rest for quite as long. So the 18 hours is more of a guide, than a strict plan. Proper sleep helps keep your puppy happy, healthy and well-behaved. Want to potty train your puppy fast? Golden Retrievers aged 6 to 18 months need about 14 to 16 hours of sleep per day. This can seem like a lot, but this is because their brains are going through a big reconstruction from puppy brain to adult dog brain. They may not be 8-week-old puppies anymore, but sleep is still extremely important for adolescent Golden Retrievers. Adult Goldens need about 12 to 14 hours of sleep each day. How much your adult Golden sleeps in a day may vary depending on their overall health and activity levels. Just as with younger Golden Retrievers, adults can be negatively affected by lack of sleep. Dogs who are sleep-deprived can experience health and behavioral issues as a result. Senior Golden Retrievers need about 18 to 20 hours of sleep each day. Just like human senior citizens, older Goldens tend to slow down and sleep more. Some senior pups also have health issues that can cause them to sleep more too. Golden Retrievers enter the senior category starting at 8 years old. And in some cases, a lack of sleep can actually cause health problems for your dog. Maybe they have allergies that make them super itchy, causing them to wake up frequently from naps. Some Golden Retrievers can have anxiety issues that make getting enough sleep a challenge. Even digestive issues can create sleep difficulties for Goldens. So when it comes to sleep and health, it goes both ways. Some Golden Retrievers are experts at putting themselves down for a nap when they start to feel tired. Others seemingly never tire and are always ready for the next thing. While taking a nap and sleeping through the night might seem like normal, natural things for a dog to do, some will need more help and support to get sufficient rest. Good sleep for dogs means they are getting the right amount of sleep for their age. But it also means they are getting high-quality sleep, which means uninterrupted stretches of sleep. Dogs will usually nap for 30 minutes to several hours at a time. So quantity and quality are both important when it comes to good sleep for your Golden. Goldens are highly intelligent, and if you only focus on physical exercise, they may struggle with getting enough sleep because of excess mental energy. Some ways to incorporate mental exercise are puzzle toys , training games , and time to sniff in nature. Some Goldens excel in dog sports such as agility, obedience and nose work, and those can be excellent mental enrichment opportunities too. Nutrition Just like in humans, nutrition can also play a role in sleep for dogs. A healthy, balanced diet is an important part of getting proper rest. Essentially, think about what factors make it easier for your dog to fall asleep and stay asleep. If your dog tends to want to involve themselves in all the happenings in your household and, as a result, is sleep deprived, it might help to use a crate , pen , or baby gate to help them settle down. Confinement can be great for puppies and teenage Goldens as well, who may not have the skill of putting themselves down for a nap quite yet. Sometimes covering the crate , or draping a sheet over the pen, can cut down on visual stimulation and help pups fall asleep more easily. Consider what kind of surfaces your dog likes to sleep on. Some love a cool tile floor. Others enjoy a plush dog bed. Think about temperature too. Do they need a fan? Or a blanket? Other things like calming music and lavender can also help soothe dogs and help them fall asleep, whether during the day or at night. Just like humans will put babies and children down for nap time, you can do the same for your dog. Then make sure their sleep zone is set up to their liking. For some Goldens it can help to give them a toy to chew or lick , which can promote relaxation. So you might give them a yummy stuffed kong to work on as they transition from active and awake to relaxed and asleep. If you notice your dog sleeping more than normal, it could be an indication that they are sick. Excessive sleep could also be due to other factors such as warm weather, stress, or a particularly long hike, for example. If their increased sleep is accompanied by lethargy, lack of appetite or other changes in behavior, definitely consult your vet. Sweet Golden Dreams Understanding how much sleep your pup needs at the various stages of their life will help you ensure they are getting the right amount. A well-rested Golden is a healthier, better-behaved dog who can enjoy a happier life with you. And to help your Golden sleep well, read this post about the best bed for your Golden Retriever next. Getting a Golden Retriever puppy? Check out the Golden Retriever Puppy Handbook. Related articles:. They tend to sleep for long periods, making many people wonder if their Golden retriever puppy is healthy. So, how much sleep does a Golden Retriever puppy need? In general, Golden Retriever puppies need to sleep between 15 and 20 hours each day. A Golden puppy is a ball of energy when awake, and needs several hours of sleep after each play session. A young Golden retriever puppy is growing rapidly, and needs all that sleep to grow and build their muscles. Be sure to keep reading if you have a young Golden retriever pup at home! This article may contain affiliate links and loyalgoldens may earn a commission if a purchase is made. Unlock your goldens natural intelligence and see just how quickly problem behaviors disappear. This is the best at home dog training I've ever used! How Much Sleep Your Golden Retriever Puppy Needs Adult Golden retrievers tend to spend more time asleep up to 12 hours a day than many other dog breeds because they are big dogs and expend a lot of energy. You can expect your Golden retriever puppy to sleep much more than that! It is not uncommon for a new Golden puppy to sleep between 18 and 20 hours each day. When your new puppy is awake, it is burning a lot of energy, as they are always on the move! They are also growing a lot during this time, which requires plenty of sleep. Golden Retriever Puppies: Factors That Impact Sleep In addition to needing sleep to grow, there are several other factors that could cause your Golden retriever puppy to want to take naps more often, such as: The weather: Hot weather can make dogs feel fatigued. You can help keep your puppy cool by taking them on morning walks when the sun is low. Also, you can keep your Golden cool by letting them play in the water. Golden retrievers love water and can even learn to swim if introduced to it at a young age. And Is It Safe? Their diet: Problems with their diet can also cause puppies to feel extra sleepy, a puppy needs a high quality puppy food like Blue Buffalo Natural Puppy Amazon to provide plenty of energy throughout the day. Poor quality foods are full of ingredients that will sap your pups energy as they try to digest it. Sickness: If your puppy is sick, he or she may start to sleep even more. Keep an eye out for other symptoms, such as vomiting. They are bored: An older puppy 6 months to a year might be taking naps if there is nothing else for it to do. Make sure that you play with them often and get them to exercise every day. Try to have plenty of puppy toys around the house to keep them engaged. Overall, it is normal for a golden retriever puppy to sleep a lot as they are growing rapidly, and need sleep to grow and develop. The above factors could also be causing them to take more naps, which is normal. You can try changing their food and getting them onto a better sleep schedule if you are concerned they are sleeping too much. Even if your young puppy is sleeping for 20 hours a day, they are likely healthy. How To Put Your Golden Retriever Puppy on a Sleep Schedule If your Golden retriever puppy is waking up during the night or being disruptive when they should be asleep, you will need to put them on a sleep schedule. Like human babies, puppies have to learn to sleep through the night. Having a consistent routine can help your puppy get more restful sleep, which will keep them healthy and happy! Feel free to make any changes that will fit your lifestyle better. Just remember that consistency is the key. Weather Health All these factors can contribute to how much your Golden Retriever puppy sleeps, either increasing or decreasing the amount of sleep. Knowing which factors affect sleep is important because your Golden Retriever puppy must get enough sleep to grow and develop normally. So, understanding how to create the best sleep environment for your puppy ensures that it gets enough sleep and quality sleep. Age Age is typically the single most significant factor in the amount of sleep. As your puppy grows, it will require little less sleep. The amount of sleep should get down to about 14 — 16 hours a day as the Golden Retriever grows in adulthood. The younger the puppy, the more they sleep Puppies play a lot when not sleeping and often at a furious pace. As well, they grow and develop rapidly. That all requires a lot more sleep. As they slow in growth, their amount of sleep trends down slightly as they age. However, even adult Golden Retrievers spend the majority of their day sleeping. Activity Level Next to age for puppies, activity level is often the most significant contributor to sleep volume. Although puppies spend a good portion of the day and night sleeping, they still require activity, such as physical exercise, and mental stimulation e. How much activity they need is discussed below in the tips section. However, consider that more play and exercise means a more tired puppy and more sleep. Weather When temperatures rise in the summertime, it may be uncomfortable for a young puppy to sleep. Dogs typically have a much harder time dealing with hotter temperatures than we do. So, during hot summer nights, your puppy might find it difficult to cool down and sleep, especially if you lack air conditioning. Ceiling fans work well for circulating heat and keeping the room cooler. You can also sleep on the main floor or in the basement, which is often cooler than sleeping upstairs. For example, I have a mattress topper that I carry to the main floor during hot summer nights. Health Sick puppies or puppies with medical conditions might need more sleep. As well, some medications can impact sleep. If your puppy is sick, the extra rest helps it recuperate. If the puppy has a medical condition or one that requires medication, then make sure to discuss potential sleep impacts with your vet. It is essential to be informed and know what to do. Sleep during the day and night can differ, but both are important. Dogs, including puppies, very much live their lives by their internal clocks or circadian rhythms. While a sleep schedule is often most important through the night, ensuring the puppy has adequate sleep when it needs it during the day is also essential. Just like babies and toddlers need naps for healthy development and growth and to not be cranky or overtired , puppies also need to nap for the same reasons. Consider these tips to ensure your Golden Retriever puppy can sleep through the day. Do Not Disturb the Puppy When Napping Puppies are adorable, and often we are tempted to pick them up or play with them. However, it is essential to not disturb a puppy when napping. They are sleeping because their bodies need it. Consider how you feel when abruptly woken from a deep nap or sleep. For example, teach children to wait for a puppy to wake up before playing or cuddling. Try not to wake a puppy while napping — their growing body and minds need that sleep Schedule Nap Times Earlier, we touched on how important consistent sleep is to a puppy and how they sleep naturally based on a circadian rhythm. Typically, puppies will nap after a bout of exercise and play during the day. A natural routine may look like this; they eat, go potty, play, then nap for 30 minutes to two hours. Understanding that they typically sleep after an activity ensures that you can set aside quality time for napping. It also allows you to schedule some of YOUR activities during this time. For example, cooking and cleaning are much more difficult with an underfoot puppy that is eager to play. Teaching your Golden Retriever to settle to a mat or elevated bed helps in this regard. Scheduling activities can also ensure your puppy tires at the appropriate time. For example, understanding that puppies like to play after a meal, make sure your puppy gets plenty of exercise in the evening after supper. This will help expend his energy into the evening, so he sleeps through the night and helps him settle during the time you usually compress in the evening to watch TV. Teach the Puppy to Self-Soothe Like children, puppies can become overstimulated, making it difficult to wind down. While play and exercise are essential, too much can be overwhelming. Disrupting nap times may cause the puppy to be overtired. As noted in the first tip, do not disturb the puppy when napping. This is the first step to teaching a puppy how to self-soothe. In this way, it gets the largest block of quality sleep during the night, which coincides with when we need our best sleep as well. So, how do you ensure that your Golden puppy sleeps through the night? Below are some suggestions to help with that goal. Give It Enough Exercise During the Day While overstimulating a puppy can impact sleep, so can understimulating a puppy. All that pent-up energy from lack of physical and mental activity during the day means you might have a puppy that is energetic well into the evening and gets up frequently during the night. How much activity do puppies need? In addition to playing and mental stimulation, puppies need their month in age x 5 minutes of physical exercise twice per day. So, for example, take a 3-month-old Golden Retriever puppy. It would need 15 minutes of exercise twice per day or 30 minutes total. Lack of physical and mental stimulation can affect both the quantity and quality of sleep. For example, a small puppy that does not get enough physical or mental stimulation will have pent-up energy. As a result, you may find a puppy that not only seeks more attention but will sleep less than a more stimulated and tired puppy. A well-exercised puppy is a tired puppy Keep a Regular Schedule It is crucial to put puppies on a consistent and regular sleep schedule. The goal is to teach the puppy to hold its bladder through the night and get the most extensive single block of its sleep through the night when you are sleeping. An erratic and inconsistent schedule during the night can affect how much your puppy sleeps. For example, if you are constantly up to all hours, and your puppy is often up with you, it may impact your ability to get your puppy on a consistent sleep schedule. Dogs, including puppies, do not live their lives by a clock. So, the last thing you want is a puppy that is up during the night and sleeping all day, because that is what it is accustomed to. And as discussed earlier, puppies need both enough sleep and good quality sleep for healthy brain and body development. Establish a Routine Puppie catches on to routines very quickly. Often they will know when you are getting ready to leave in the morning when you brush your teeth and start getting dressed. Bedtimes can be similar. He then goes out for a potty break, gets a treat, and then immediately runs up and jumps on my bed, and goes to sleep. He knows his routine because it was taught as a puppy. Someplace where you can hear the puppy is beneficial should the puppy need to go potty during the night. Also, make sure the room is dark, cool, and quiet. Night Is Not for Play Your puppy may need a potty break during the night, or it may not be ready to sleep yet. In addition, they often want to play afterward or do not need to go potty but rather want attention. Then, bring the puppy back to its bed or crate and go to sleep. Resist the temptation if it whines or tries to engage you in play. The puppy needs to learn that nighttime is for sleep. The same patient and positive rules apply. Keep putting the puppy in its bed calmly and with lots of praise. Crates work well because they can be closed, which prevents the puppy from escaping and engaging you. Most puppies, once accustomed to crates, will love them! Bailey slept in his crate as a puppy, but now sleeps on my bed Just be prepared to ignore whining, barking, and crying as the puppy tries to get you to give in to your guilt by playing on your heartstrings. Training a puppy, especially during the night, can be challenging. So, if you need training help I reviewed the best online dog training courses to determine the best ones. The link is in the big gold box at the end of this post. Expect your Golden Retriever puppy to sleep upwards of 16 to 20 hours per day. Most of all, enjoy those times of sleep. When the puppy is not sleeping, it can be a whirling tornado of crazy activity. Raising Goldens: Recommendations and Resources. Yes, Golden Retriever puppies do sleep a lot, especially during the first few months of their lives. In fact, they can sleep up to hours a day. This is because puppies need lots of rest to support their rapid growth and development. As they get older and become more active, they will naturally start sleeping less. Golden Retrievers are known for their high energy levels and love of play. Their friendly and outgoing personalities make them considered among the most popular breeds worldwide. Their high energy levels also make them perfect for dog shows and other activities requiring a lot of exercises. Because of this, golden retriever puppies need more sleep than humans. This breed of dog has an inquisitive nature and needs plenty of energy to keep it engaged. Golden retriever puppies are born with an instinct to play, so providing them with plenty of opportunities to play and exercise is important. These include the age, health, and maturity of the puppy, as well as its activity level. Golden Retriever puppies need a lot of sleep in order to grow and develop properly. On average, a Golden Retriever puppy will sleep between 16 and 20 hours per day. However, the amount of sleep they need may vary depending on their age, activity level, and overall health. Puppies that are more active and playful may need more sleep than those who are less active. It is important to create a comfortable sleeping environment for your puppy, such as a cozy bed or crate, to help them feel safe and secure while they rest. When determining how much should a Golden Retriever puppy sleep, consider all of these factors and adjust the amount as necessary. How Much Sleep Your Golden Retriever Puppy Needs Golden retriever puppies require around hours of sleep in 24 hours when they are months old. After this, their sleeping hours reduce to hours a day as they become more experienced and efficient sleepers. This is the amount of sleep golden retriever puppies require for proper physical and mental development. The golden retriever breed is known for its ability to wake up quickly, so puppies need to get the sleep they need to grow and develop properly. During the first six months, puppies require hours of sleep daily. By the age of two months, golden retriever puppies should be sleeping hours daily. Before reaching this sleeping threshold, golden retriever puppies should be taken out for walks or playtime several times each day to keep them active and stimulated. Puppies also need plenty of nutrition and daily exercise to ensure a healthy lifestyle. As a general rule, golden retrievers sleep more as they age. They mature faster than other dog breeds and become less excited by new surroundings and people. A well-balanced diet will ensure the golden retriever has enough nutrients to stay healthy and energized during the day. If your house or yard is too busy or loud for the golden retriever, it might need help falling asleep at night. Establish a regular sleep schedule for your puppy when you bring it home. Keep crate sessions short — no more than 1 hour every 4 weeks of age — as this will help your puppy sleep soundly and avoid being overexcited or tired from too much sleep. You can also feed your puppy before bedtime to encourage good sleeping habits. Avoid erratic and inconsistent schedules during the night, affecting how much your puppy sleeps. Instead, ensure that your pup gets at least 18 hours of sleep daily by setting a consistent sleep schedule and feeding your dog simultaneously each day. Taking your puppy outside for a bathroom break and giving them breakfast daily is a great way to help them adjust to their new sleeping schedule. Additionally, spending some playtime together before bedtime is a good way to ensure they have plenty of energy for the night. Let your puppy out as soon as they stir after waking up from sleep, and feed them an hour before bedtime. Afternoon Routine For Your Golden Pup To help your puppy sleep at night, giving them a healthy lunch and plenty of playtimes during the day is important. You can also take them on a walk or play with them to keep them busy. Try taking your puppy for a potty break about an hour before bedtime and ensure they have enough time to use the bathroom. This will help reduce the risk of accidents in their sleep. Following this routine can help your puppy sleep well at night and enjoy a healthy and happy life. Evening Routine For Your Golden Retriever Puppy Establishing a sleep schedule with your puppy will make it routine to feed and exercise him at certain times of the day. In addition to feeding and exercise, you can also take a walk with your puppy or give him an outdoor bathroom break before bedtime. Additionally, it is important to establish a consistent routine with your puppy and family members. By consistently putting your puppy on a sleep schedule, you will help him learn to sleep when it is time for bed. Establishing a regular sleep schedule with your puppy can help him develop into a well-behaved and healthy dog over time. They generally sleep hours in 24 hours. This includes periods of sleep at bedtime and sleeping time. On average, puppies sleep hours per day from birth until the age of 4 months. This also includes nap times and rest periods between activities. When puppies are given longer sleeping stretches, they learn to sleep through the night by 4 months old. This helps them develop good sleeping habits that last throughout their lives. It is important to provide puppies with plenty of social and playtime opportunities to develop healthy sleep habits and social skills. How To Help Your Golden Retriever Puppy Sleep Providing a calm and comfortable environment is one of the best ways to help your golden retriever puppy sleep. You can do this by ensuring your home is free of distractions, such as other animals or children, and your golden retriever puppy has appropriate and comfortable bedding. In addition, limit the screen time for both you and your puppy, which can lead to excessive sedentary behaviour. These simple steps will help promote a better sleep routine for your golden retriever puppy. To ensure your puppy gets enough rest, the longest time they should be left alone should be at most four hours. This will help prevent your puppy from getting bored or destructive and help them sleep better at night. Puppy naps provide another valuable source of good quality sleep. Even though puppies do not experience Rapid Eye Movement or twitching while sleeping, naps are still a vital part of their sleep cycle and play an important role in their overall health and well-being. You can do a few things to help your puppy sleep through the night and avoid waking up during the night. Feeding your puppy at least an hour before bedtime and withholding water for 30 minutes before bedtime can help ensure your puppy is well-fed and ready to sleep. Avoiding disturbing your puppy when it naps can help ensure it gets enough sleep. Besides, give your puppy a bathroom break before crating for the night. The benefits of ensuring your golden retriever puppy get enough sleep go far beyond just a tired pet. It helps them develop healthy habits, such as sleeping through the night and waking up independently. It also helps their emotional development as they master their internal clocks. Plus, they feel more mentally sharp and less disease-prone if they get enough rest. Make sure your puppy gets at least 8 hours of sleep every night, and it will be just fine. Happy supper time. Conclusion When it comes to puppies, one of the most important things you can do is give them enough sleep. A Golden Retriever puppy should sleep between 12 and 14 hours per day, which will help them develop strong bones and muscles and a healthy immune system. Golden Retriever puppies require a lot of sleep and can sleep for long periods. From the first days of their life, golden retriever puppies sleep for at least 18 hours a day. They usually sleep for about 16 hours per day, with their sleeping cycle lasting about eight hours. Remember that golden retriever puppies are bundles of energy and love to play. We hope our information helped you to know how much should a Golden Retriever puppy sleep, including golden retriever puppy sleep requirements. Frequently Asked Questions: 1. A Golden Retriever puppy needs plenty of sleep, around hours in 24 hours. During the day, a Golden Retriever puppy needs multiple naps to recharge its growing body. Adolescent Golden Retrievers should be supervised for at most four hours. Golden Retriever puppies should be allowed to potty every hour at a young age. Ans: Golden Retriever puppies can sleep up to 20 hours daily and should receive frequent naps throughout the day. Golden Retrievers typically sleep hours per day as adults. Puppies need to sleep extra hours to support their growth and development and should be supervised for at most 5 hours during their first six months. By 4 months old, Golden Retriever puppies can generally sleep through the night. It is normal for puppies not to drink water all night and to sleep anywhere from hours in 24 hours. From weeks old, puppies may sleep hours in 24 hours. With proactive training and crate training, puppies may be able to sleep through the night by 10 weeks old or earlier. Golden retriever puppies may get darker as they age, but this is not a given. Some Golden Retrievers may stay lighter in color throughout their lives. When exercising a Golden Retriever puppy, the limit should never exceed four hours. Golden Retrievers should be supported for long periods as they reach full adulthood. Puppies need hours of sleep in 24 hours to fuel their growing bodies. Some common signs that a Golden Retriever maybe not getting enough sleep include drooping eyelids, excessive yawning, lethargy, decreased activity levels, and increased irritability. If you notice any of these signs in your puppy, it is important to take action to ensure adequate rest. By: Author Jennifer Seegmiller If you are a new proud owner of a Golden Retriever puppy you may think and wonder how can this little puppy be so full of life and energy one minute, and then completely asleep and dead to the world the next. You may wonder what is a normal amount of sleep for your puppy or full-grown Golden Retriever. Adult Golden Retrievers will sleep on average hours a day. Golden Retriever puppies will sleep hours a day in a hour period. How much your Golden Retriever sleeps depends a lot on their personality. Golden Retrievers are high-energy dogs so they may sleep a little less than other breeds. If you are fit and active your Golden Retriever will likely be also. If you are relaxed and laid back, your dog may be similar to you. Continue reading to find out. How much sleep does a Golden Retriever need? Puppies, adults, seniors Golden Retriever Newborn Sleep Patterns This stage of life is very short and full of lots of shut-eye! Newborns generally nurse every 2 hours but even while doing so they will have their eyes shut and look as though they are eating in their sleep. As they grow they will slowly start to spend more time awake. Around 3 weeks old they will have around hours of active time a day broken up into small spurts of energy and exploring their world. They need plenty of sleep to fuel and recharge their growing bodies. From months old, Golden Retriever puppies will generally sleep around hours in a hour period. This includes sleeping at night and daytime naps. Your puppy will sleep in longer stretches at night, but will still need to get up to relieve its small bladder and stretch. He may even have a burst of energy and seem like he wants to play. With some patience and guidance, your puppy can learn to sleep through the night by 4 months old, maybe even sooner. Disclaimer: This post may contain affiliate links. We only recommend high-quality products that are used and recommended by real owners. If you use these links to buy something we earn a small commission. Older puppies from around months old will sleep about hours throughout a 24 hour period. At this point, they should be more active and inquisitive during the day and will be better about sleeping through the night in hour stretches. They will also take multiple naps during the day, as well as times of rest when they appear to be just lying around, but somewhat alert as well as high energy awake time when they will want to play and train. When will my Golden Retriever puppy sleep through the night? Golden Retriever puppies will generally sleep through the night by about 4 months old, but it can range from 8 or 9 weeks old all the way through 6 months old. Some puppies may also go through a sleep regression when going through a growth spurt or teething. Towards the end of this article, we will discuss those in the heading sleep problems and solutions. Fun fact: Senior dogs, as well as puppies, tend to twitch more in their sleep! This is due to a part of their brain called the Pons which regulates muscles and keeps them still while they sleep. Golden Retriever Adult Sleep Patterns Your adult Golden Retriever will normally sleep around hours in a 24 hour period, but more as he ages. In this study, researchers found that older and middle-aged dogs slept more during the day than young adult dogs. This was because they took more naps, not because their naps were longer. They tend to run out of energy and need to rest more often than the younger group. Older and middle-aged dogs also slept more at night than younger dogs because they had long stretches of sleep at night waking up later and woke up fewer times during the night. Golden Retrievers are bred to hunt and herd. It is ingrained in them to want to do a job! They tend to be pretty high-energy and love to be kept busy with games and exercise. Because they may have a bit more energy than other breeds, they may sleep a little less than other breeds as well. Some owners I talked to said that if their Golden Retrievers are left home alone all day they tend to just sleep since there is no one there to engage them with play or give them a reason to exercise. So as you can see their sleep schedule greatly depend on the kinds of habits you develop for your dog. At this time you will probably start to see your dog slowly increasing the amount of time it is resting and sleeping. Senior Golden retrievers will sleep hours a day on average as they get to be years old and older they could be sleeping up to 18 hours a day. For older Golden Retrievers, these could be signs of more serious issues such as dementia, arthritis, hypothyroidism, or other conditions associated with older age. Your Golden Retriever may be waking up more at night because its bladder is getting older and they need to use the potty more often. You can try and help with this by taking them out right before bed and limiting their water intake just before bed as well. Can Golden Retrievers sleep outside? Golden Retrievers can sleep outside if they are provided with adequate shelter and brought inside in extreme weather. However, it is not recommended that Golden Retrievers sleep outside. Golden Retrievers thrive on relationships and being close to their owners; sleeping outdoors can be lonely for this social breed. Even though sleeping outside may not be the ideal solution for your Golden Retriever, your dog most likely loves being outdoors! Many Golden Retrievers may have a desire to live outdoors all day long, and some may even ask to be outside at night. If your dog is comfortable with this and you live in a temperate climate, there is really nothing wrong with your dog living and playing outdoors, as long as your dog has adequate shelter and socialization it needs to thrive. After speaking to many Golden Retriever owners I found that the majority of them have their dog sleep inside. Most owners state their hot or humid climate as being the reason their dogs sleep indoors with them as well as their dogs need to be by their side following them around day and night. Some owners who have a dog door allow their Golden Retriever to choose whether to sleep indoors or outdoors. Why does my Golden Retriever sleep so much? Many factors could contribute to your Golden Retriever sleeping a lot. Puppies and senior dogs sleep more than adult Golden Retrievers. Stress, anxiety, boredom, diet, or disease can all be factors for why your dog is sleeping more than usual. In most cases, it is normal for dogs to sleep 12 or more hours a day. Lethargy or a lack of energy and enthusiasm can be a sign that your dog is being affected by something more than just laziness or a bit tired. If this describes your dog then definitely consult with your vet. Many diseases and age-related problems can come with a change in sleeping patterns. Some dogs will sleep more in the wintertime because the days are shorter and colder. You can read this article I wrote to learn more about that. Do Dogs Hibernate? Winter Weather Questions Answered If you think your dog is sleeping a lot because of boredom you can always make an effort to have more playtime and exercise sessions with your dog. You could hire a dog walker we have a neighborhood teen that loves to walk dogs for a very reasonable rate! Or join a fun program you can work on together like this popular brain training for dogs course! Sleep problems and solutions for puppies and adults If you are struggling with getting your Golden Retriever to settle down and sleep at night you are not alone. Things that may be making this challenging can range from crying or whining at night, waking up in the middle of the night, struggling to settle down, or waking up too early in the morning. Some dogs will start to sleep well through the night then a few weeks or months later start to wake up again. This is called a sleep regression and can be normal. Similar to human babies when puppies are teething or going through growth spurts it could cause them to wake up at night or have difficulties sleeping. This routine can include using the restroom, bringing the noise level down, dimming the light, creating a relaxing and calm atmosphere. Give them plenty of exercise: Since Golden Retrievers are bred to herd and work on a farm or ranch. Golden Retrievers need plenty of stimulation and exercise each day. Two hours a day for a high-energy Golden Retriever should be the minimum. The best time for a good exercise session is about 2 hours before bedtime. Try to include high cardio exercise as well and engaging brain activities so that your Golden Retriever will be both physically tired as well as mentally tired. If your dog sleeps in his own bed, or in a crate, having something that smells like you and a small stuffed animal to snuggle with can help him feel more safe and secure. This is especially true for puppies. One Golden Retriever owner said that the only way to get their dog to settle down and sleep is to put him in his crate in a quiet place with a blanket draped over the crate. Try changing meal times or limiting food and water: Take up their water after a certain time of the evening. If your Golden Retriever seems to need a bathroom break in the middle of the night all the time you can try changing his meal time to be a few hours earlier so he will get the poop out before bed or a few hours later so he can hold it until tomorrow. Either way, you may want to slowly adjust the time of his meals to see if that will help with the late-night bathroom breaks. If early morning waking is a problem, try figuring out what it is that may be waking them up: Is the sun coming up? Try adding some darkening curtains. Are there noises such as birds or early morning traffic? Try adding some white noise by using a noise machine like this one from Amazon affiliate link. All it takes is some investigative work to try and figure out what may be causing the problem. If nothing seems to be working, your dog has changed his sleep patterns suddenly, he seems very lethargic and low on energy all the time, or he has other symptoms like vomiting, diarrhea, blood in his stool, or other concerns then you should take him to the vet immediately to get checked out. Pro Tip: If you are not able to get a hold of a vet near you, or you want to avoid an unnecessary ER trip, there are online resources that you can turn to. Here is our best recommendation:.

However, a healthy six-month-old labrador will grow significantly in size. Some of them can weigh up to 50 pounds. For a more balanced diet at six months, you can shift from feeding your puppy three smaller meals per day to two meals a day. To counteract this, you can drop the amount of food and gradually increase it. Setting Your Lab Puppy Up for Successful Potty Training Training an animal to control their bladders until you get outside is no different than potty-training for toddlers. In other words, crate training speeds up the potty-training process for your pet. Effective crate training depends on two things: Praising and rewarding your puppy for relieving itself outside. They come to understand this as a desirable behavior. Preventing your puppy from going to the toilet within the home. So, why is using a crate to train your puppy to go outside so effective? Initially, this should be every hour or so. As labs grow older, you can reduce the frequency as they learn to hold and release independently. Step 2: House Training a Lab Puppy Housetraining or potty-training small labs can be, well, frustrating. As a pet owner, there are simple ways to train your puppy to understand ideal behavior quickly. Instead, they simply forget that they should control it. This helps avoid any issues early on. Keep small labrador puppies off the carpet. How to Feed Your Dog for Optimal Growth Feeding your labrador puppy a balanced diet could be an entire guide all on its own. It can feel overwhelming because you do have many options when it comes to feeding your dog. For example, if you work from home, it would be easy to feed your dog homemade dog food. Similarly, you might work a and yet want to reap the health-related benefits of a raw diet. Make sure to speak to your vet first. You do have choices for what to feed your puppy and you can mix and match these. Popular feeding options for any animal include kibble, wet food, raw food, and home-cooked food. Remember, a puppy is still growing, and they need a complete profile of nutrients and minerals to support their development. There are many commercial brands of dry food or kibble to choose from and you can adjust what you buy based on the ingredients. Do your research and find a brand you trust, with as much bioavailable nutritional content as is helpful. These can harm your puppy. In order to maintain good health and prevent simple ailments, your puppy can also benefit from taking a supplement. Some families choose to mix scraps or raw food with kibble to provide moisture and decrease the amount of food versus the calories consumed. Any veterinarian will tell you that a hard and fast rule is not necessarily the type of food but the amount. Obesity is a condition that can lead to many health issues for this breed. Over-exertion, especially for a puppy, is possible. This includes activities like playing fetch or tug and release. However, breeds that worked as a hunting companion for humans love to be active. Again, this goes back to the strengths of the breed. Keeping up with your puppy could be a task-and-a-half, so in the first months of life, you should be keeping them in your backyard or playing with them at home. As they become house trained and get all their vaccinations, you can turn walks into light jogs or runs if you want. In the long-term, exercise will help keep dogs healthy and disease-free. However, early dog training can eliminate common problems with puppy temperament and help make sure that your fur friend is always as friendly and happy as possible through the years. Puppy socialization simply means making your puppy open to and familiar with new experiences. You want to provide stimulation and encounters with experiences that they will probably face as adults. The window of opportunity to make sure your puppy is always a happy and friendly pooch closes around 14 weeks. Pre-Vaccination Lab Puppy Socialization Any veterinarian will tell you that a puppy is all done with their vaccinations after 12 weeks of age. The main point is to keep your puppy away from other dogs who may not yet be vaccinated or the excrement and markings of other animals that could carry data diseases. You can head to an off-leash dog park to allow them to explore and meet other fur friends. You can also take them beyond your backyard to the countryside to enable them to swim or set up obstacle courses and play with them. Another thing that people forget about is spaying or neutering their dogs. Spaying or neutering your dog could help with behavioral issues and can also reduce the onset of certain health conditions. At the same time, spaying or neutering a puppy too early may also lead to health issues. For many people, this is a worthwhile and even enjoyable trade-off. A happy, sociable dog is always the result of consistent training. Training your dog is a significant aspect of their early years. The different stages include: Get it — Using positive reinforcement, trainers will help your dog carry out actions without commands. Teach it — This stage harnesses the progress you made in the previous stages. Your dog now knows the word and the action that goes with it. Proof it — Proofing is where many people get stuck. Your dog will learn to listen and obey commands at this stage even when they are engaged in other things. Maintain it — Consistently using the techniques you learned to keep your dog following the same desirable behavior. All breeds of dogs respond best when you train them. Every labrador retriever relies on their human taking control and showing them how to respond in any situation. You can be sure that if you follow these tips that you will be taking proper care of your new puppy and will be able to make sure that your puppy will live a long and healthy life. Share on. You'll want to be on our waiting list, as Kenya Labradors puppies are most often sold before they are born. Waiting for the right Lab puppy to adopt is well worth the investment of your time. While all puppies are cute, it's vital to remember your puppy will grow up quickly and spend many years of life with you. Your best bet is to take time and find a responsible and caring breeder of Labrador puppies. You are making both a delightful and serious commitment. We highly recommend adopting a high quality Lab puppy, one that comes from breeding excellence, who will grow up to be a lovely, strong, healthy, fun-loving, affectionate companion. Kenya Labradors are never breed for volume sales, only for the best possible lifetime companions. We plan every breeding carefully to bring out the best in the sire and dam — both are tested and certified for hereditary dysfunctional diseases. We will be here to guide you in choosing your puppy, and to offer further advice and training tips. Trinity Puppy Nanny Transport Service When your puppy is ready to go home, we highly recommend this safe and reliable transport service. Click to email Trinity Pet Nanny for rates and more information! Kuranda Dog Beds Kuranda is the brand of dog beds that we use and recommend. They are built to last and our dogs love them! However, the dog is completely eligible to be entered in any of the thousands of licensed or member events. Kenya Labradors Does Not: Kenya Labradors does not ship puppies, and we do not sell puppies via the Internet or to pet dealers. You must be physically present to adopt a Lab puppy from us. We also do not cross-breed Labs to make designer dogs, and we do not breed for so-called "rare" colors, like silver or white. Come and see for yourself. You just might fall in love! Some of our puppies featured in a commercial for Tennis Warehouse: More Kenya Labradors puppy videos: Cute little Lab puppy with his toy, sired by Mikey. Adorable puppy by Joe and Brandy. A big thank you to the Mako family for providing "Poncho" with such a great home! Santa Margarita, CA

What are Phantom Poodles? Overview While it is the solid Poodle that is the most common, there is much to discuss regarding Phantom Poodle coloring, which is different than mismarks, the Tuxedo, and parties. What Phantom Coloring Means A phantom Poodle is not a different breed or type of dog, this is simply a term to describe a particular coloring of the dog. This type of coloring, while extremely beautiful and preferred by many Poodle owners, is not yet accepted by the AKC in regard to confirmation. The AKC standard indicates that the Standard Poodle coat is an even and solid color at the skin: Blues, grays, silvers, browns, cafe-aulaits, apricots and creams and the coat may show varying shades of the same color. This is much different than parti colored Poodles, even though both parti and phantoms have a mixture of 2 colors. This term only refers to Poodles that have specific markings on a solid background. Many refer to these markings as Dobie markings short for Doberman , however this pattern also appears on Dachshunds, certain Spaniels, Yorkies, Manchester Terriers and certain Coonhounds. These markings must be: Above each eye On the sides of the muzzle also referred to as the side of the cheeks Across the dog's chest Down the legs Under the tail All phantom Poodles are born with their markings. This does not occur as the dog ages. Phantoms are genetically similar to brindle Poodles. For this reason, a phantom Poodle dam or sire can produce a litter of brindle puppies and likewise a brindle Poodle dam or sire can produce a litter of phantom puppies. With most dog breeds, brindle is a term that means the coat that is striped, with intermingling dark and light hairs making a striping pattern. However, with Poodles, brindle means "sable". Sable is a term that means that the coat is one color yet the tips of the hairs are black. With most dogs, the sabling black tips fade out or completely disappear with age. That price is just about twice as much as what you can find a solid-colored Poodle for. Apricot poodles are the rarest in the world. Caused by a recessive gene, this color comes off as a very light red that borders on cream. As dogs have been genetically bred for generations to have certain characteristics, apricot is hypothesized to be the last color developed in poodles. Red is dominant to apricot, so two red poodles can have apricot puppies, but not the other way around. White is one of the most popular and most common colors for Poodles. A white Poodle isn't the same as an albino, however, as the former has black skin whereas the latter will be pink. Tri Female from Cappi and Derry Tango's Haus almost always has poodles for sale, but since we do not breed our females on every heat sometimes we do not have the poodles for sale in the size or color that you are wanting. We can however, give you a very good idea of when we will have the poodle puppies in the color and size that you want. You can put up a deposit for a future puppy, which is refundable if we do not produce the color and size of puppy you are requesting. We offer Miniature Stud Service. We are very proud of our Poodles that we have raised for so many years. We breed Miniature and Moyen Poodles in all colors. We have no favorite color, but love them all equally. We welcome all to our kennels and if you are too far away to come to visit, then we make sure that you are comfortable in your choice BEFORE you are asked to put up a deposit on a puppy. Deposits are refundable or transferable up to when you decide on a puppy. If you decide to put up a deposit on a puppy that is already born, then that deposit is non-refundable if you later decide to not purchase that puppy, but you can apply that same deposit towards a different puppy at a later date from a different litter or a different puppy in the same litter. If you put up a deposit on a litter that has not been born yet, the deposit is refundable if I do not produce the sex or color that you have decided on or you can decide to leave the deposit for a future litter. This is the only way that a deposit is refundable. Final payment is due when your puppy reaches 7 weeks of age unless prior arrangements are made. All puppies are scheduled to be picked up at 8 weeks of age, unless it is a very small puppy or it is a holiday and prior arrangements have been made. The amount of time that I will hold a puppy for any individual is governed simply by the amount of space that I have available in my kennel and is not set by any other standard. If you fail to fulfill any of these requirements within the alloted time limit then the money that you have put up on the puppy will be considered forfeited, the sale will be considered null and void and the puppy will be put back on my website for adoption. If we have pre-arranged a late pick-up date for your puppy, then you will also have to pay a slight pre-arranged fee for that service. This service fee will vary with the amount of time and work involved.

No artificial colors, flavors, or preservatives Available as wet or dry food Formulas for breed size and specific health needs What We Don't Like Canned variety is not equipped with pull tab for opening Developed by veterinarians and manufactured in the United States, Hill's Science Diet dog food comes in a variety of flavors and formulations to meet the nutritional needs of dogs of every shape and size. The company employs over Ph. Hill's Science Diet is readily available as both dry kibble and wet canned dog food, and the brand offers formulas for puppies, adults, and seniors. Within those life stages there are size specific variations e. Hill's Science Diet dog food is always made with real animal protein as the first ingredient with human-grade ingredients providing essential vitamins and nutrients with each serving. With the right flavor and formulation for a dog, we found that consistently serving Hill's Science Diet leads to straightforward potty sessions and less dietary issues. But the price of this dog food has increased as of late, and the canned variety could benefit from an improved pull tab lid to make it easier to open without the use of a can opener. Hill's also makes a line of prescription foods for dogs with specific medical problems, Hill's Prescription Diet, but food within that line should only be served to a dog under the direction of a veterinarian and is only available with a prescription. What is the best food to give your dog with allergies? There are no perfect hypoallergenic diets, but synthetic amino acid-based diets come very close, according to Pucheu-Haston. Other veterinary-recommended diets for dogs with allergies include ultra-hydrolyzed and amino acid-based diets, which are made up of tiny protein molecules that the immune system cannot recognize. If your dog has a fish allergy, you can try a plant-based food option like Open Farm's Kind Earth kibble, which has planted-based omega fatty acids and is free of fish oils. Can plant-based dog food help with allergies? Yes, plant-based dog food can help with allergies. While dogs are classified as carnivores, they are physiologically omnivores, which means they don't need an animal-based diet to obtain all their essential amino acids, according to Dottie Laflamme , DVM, Ph. We also take steps to ensure that all expert advice and recommendations are made independently and with no undisclosed financial conflicts of interest. She worked for Purina's research and development team until her retirement in .Why trust Select? Janelle Leeson is a Portland-based freelance writer with a bachelor of science degree in biology. Her approach to pet-care writing and reporting is rooted in scientific principles that consider a pet's biological need for play, proper nutrition and environmental enrichment. For this piece, Janelle interviewed two experts who specialize in veterinary dermatology and one expert who specializes in veterinary nutrition. She also researched dozens of dry dog foods on the market that met criteria based on our experts' insights. She included dog foods recommended by experts, along with those that are highly rated and meet expert shopping guidance. Janelle Leeson Janelle Leeson is a Portland, Oregon-based freelance writer who covers everything pets and a few subjects in between, including sustainability and clean beauty. For most of its life, Merrick was independent and also operated other brands like Castor and Pollux, and Whole Earth Farms. However, in , Merrick was acquired by Purina, which is probably the largest pet food group in the world. You can learn more about this acquisition and other important information relevant to Merrick in our Merrick Brand Review. The majority of the formulas in this range provide excellent nutrition from a range of high-quality ingredients. Ingredients used within this range include common meat and fish ingredients such as Chicken or Beef, but it also includes less common meats such as Rabbit or Venison. Their Chicken formula is one of their best and includes a mix of Chicken and Turkey ingredients. Both of these poultry ingredients are industry standards and can provide an ample portion of high-quality protein and fat. These poultry ingredients are then combined with Sweet Potatoes, Potatoes, and Peas. The proportions of Potatoes and Sweet Potatoes are far higher than the proportion of legumes and make up the bulk of the satisfactory carbohydrate proportion. Sweet Potatoes, in particular, are considered the best starch ingredient to be used in dog food and can provide a number of micronutrients that traditional white potatoes can not. You can learn more about the background of the Wellness brand and other information such as their ingredients and nutrition in our Wellness Brand Review. Their Core Ocean Formula is one of our favorites and features a variety of fish ingredients. These Fish ingredients combine to provide an ample portion of fish-based protein and fat, in particular, the Omega 3 Fatty Acids, which many believe can provide several health benefits to dogs such as an improvement in the condition of skin and coat, as well as improve cognitive function. Many of you may not be familiar with Menhaden Fish Meal, and fear not as you are not alone. Menhaden are a small oily fish from the Atlantic Ocean that is low-cost yet rich in protein and is regularly used by manufacturers to boost protein levels rather than the alternative such as low-quality and low-cost vegetable by-products like Pea Protein. However, they are one of the better brands that is available at PetSmart, and they have many high-quality formulas. The brand was first launched in , making them a long stay of the industry compared to some newcomers. You can find the full range of unconventional recipe names along with information on recalls and animal testing in our Solid Gold Brand Review. Quail is quite an unusual ingredient to see in dog or human food, but it is very similar to Chicken and provides excellent nutrition. The formula also makes use of smaller portions of Turkey and Pork, which, when combined with the Quail, offer a satisfactory proportion of animal-based protein and fat. The formula also makes use of a substantial number of vegetable and starch ingredients of varying quality. While some ingredients, such as Peas and Chickpeas, are standard inclusions in grain-free dog food, others, such as vegetable by-products like Pea Protein, are considered by many to be lower quality. Lastly, the formula also makes use of Pumpkin as a minor ingredient. Pumpkin is a particularly beneficial ingredient, especially to those with digestive issues, and provides a mix of fiber, carbohydrates, and vitamins. The brand was launched to cater to the higher-quality or more nutritious pet food market fueled by smarter and more aware consumers. Crave is commonly available at large retail stores like PetSmart and Walmart, along with other smaller pet food stores. Each formula within the Pate range contains both traditional meat cuts alongside organ meat. Finally, none of their Pate recipes contain a significant amount of vegetable ingredients, let alone frowned upon by-products or grains. The only other notable inclusions are minor portions of some binding agents like Guar Gum. Their Wet Dog Food range shares many of the qualities of its dry food range that we discussed earlier. In the above Real Beef Formula, this correlates to a minimum of .The percentage of carbohydrates is so low in this Real Beef formula that we would consider it negligible. This lack of carbohydrates and plant matter is likely to make this formula extremely appealing to a hungry dog and unlikely to last more than a few minutes. This wet dog food range includes Limit Ingredient recipes, Small Breed recipes, Stews, and Pates, but we are going to stick with their Core 95 range. While some other wet dog food formulas only contain meat ingredients, these Wellness Core 95 formulas also contain a small amount of a less commonly used vegetable ingredient. In the case of the above Turkey formula, it includes Spinach as its secondary ingredient. Other formulas within the Core 95 range make use of vegetables such as Broccoli and Carrots, and all three varieties are entirely pea and legume-free, which can be advantageous to those dogs with legume allergies. Now is a good time to reiterate that wet dog food is significantly more costly than dry food. This is the case for this Wellness recipe and for the other formulas mentioned above. However, some dog owners choose to use a mix of dry and wet food as a consequence of the higher price in an attempt to make it more affordable. This mixing technique can provide your canine friend with the best of both worlds without breaking the bank. While many of the Purina brands have been around for decades, Purina Beyond is a more recent addition to the mix and appeals to more knowledgeable consumers in the same way other new brands like Crave do. However, Purina Beyond still retains competitive pricing making it a great lower-cost option. You can learn more about Purina Beyond, including its full product range, and recall history in our Purina Beyond Brand Review. The above formula caught our eye and is a fantastic option for those who want to provide canned dog food on a tight budget. It will come as no surprise that Chicken is the main ingredient of the recipe and provides the bulk of the protein and fat. The three ingredients mentioned in the recipe name are joined by Liver, which can provide additional animal-based protein and fat along with select minerals and vitamins that usual meat cuts lack. While Peas may feature in nearly all dog food recipes, Carrots certainly do not and are a far rarer sight, which does make this formula more unique. While Carrots are not going to provide anything revolutionary from a nutrition standpoint, they can be considered a beneficial addition and provide a mix of carbohydrates, fiber, and some vitamins and minerals.