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We have a week-old American Bulldog that I discovered has a kinked tail about one inch from the tip. He has not always had this. It has happened in the last couple of days and unfortunately our vet has been out of town. It does not seem to bother him and the rest of the tail looks as it always has but I sure would like to know if anything can be done to straighten the tail. Julie Washington State Kinked tails are very common in dogs and cats. Kinked tails generally are harmless. Tails most often become kinked when they are traumatized. If a bone segment in the tail is broken or if two segments are dislocated, the tail becomes crooked. Many types of injury can lead to kinked tails. Other pets injure their tails without human help. Rough play and striking a tail against a wall while wagging it can also lead to kinks. Although the sort of injury that leads to a crooked tail definitely is painful, most animals with kinked tails do not suffer from any long-term pain. Once the initial pain subsides, the problem is strictly cosmetic. That is a good thing, because there is no ethical way to straighten a kinked tail. Such a procedure would require painful fracturing or repositioning of the bones in the tail or, worse yet, amputation of part of the tail. However, you can take heart from the fact that it does not need fixing. Dogster Dogster is a dog magazine and dog website where dog lovers come together to get the latest expert advice about dog behavior, dog health, dog news and dog entertainment, plus a whole lot of adorable dog pics. Currently edited by Melissa Kauffman. Key takeaways: Limber tail syndrome is often caused by overworked muscles and can look like a broken tail. A broken or dislocated tail may indicate other injuries are present. Pups communicate a lot of information from a simple tail wag, and they wag their tails for many reasons. That means paying attention to their tails can tell you a lot about your pet! Does their tail look normal? Does it move freely when wagging? Your pup can injure their tail the same way you can break or sprain an arm or leg. The longer the tail, the greater the possibility of an injury. If your pup tries wagging but does so listlessly, there might be an injury. Dogs tend to lick injuries, so constant tail licking is a sign there might be a problem. Tail-tucking is another indication something is wrong. A dog in pain may also whimper or cry out. Inspect the tail itself. Are there noticeable bumps, kinks, or bends? The condition is most common in working class or large dogs but can occur in any breed. In these cases, veterinarians recommend simple rest to allow your pup to recover. Other, more severe, cases of limber tail syndrome are caused by infections, cancer, anal gland trouble, bites or cuts leading to infection, and neurological trauma. In these cases, surgery may be required. A dislocation happens when the vertebrae separate. A break is the result of a fracture in the vertebrate. A tail break or dislocation can happen for many reasons, including falling on it, an accident, getting slammed in a door, or being pulled. The injury will likely heal on its own if the fracture is at the tip, for example, but injuries get worse the closer they are to the base. A veterinarian may try to reset the tail while the break is fresh, but often the only thing they can do is help with pain management. Your dog must go to a vet, though. Otherwise, any kink or bend in the tail will likely be permanent. Puppies are very curious and more likely to get into trouble. Check to see where your dog is before closing a door. Many dogs faithfully follow their pet parents throughout their home. Smaller breeds are often easier to miss as you move from room to room. Look before closing doors. Do you sit at a desk and work on a computer at home? One of the most important things a good pet parent can do is monitor all interactions between their dog and small children. Keep an eye on your dog while walking. A frenzied chase of a squirrel over rocky or uneven terrain could result in an injury to your pup. Do you take your dog on hunting trips? Hunting dogs are often sent ahead by their pet parents as part of the process. Give your dog a thorough check for injuries after any solo adventures. An increase in awareness means many home injuries can be prevented. If you notice your dog has a drooping tail, schedule a vet visit immediately. These moments will serve as a warning your pup needs professional care. How Scenthound can help Scenthound offers services to keep your pup clean, healthy, and looking great. Find your Scenthound location to get started today! The vet says my dog has a hemivertebra. What is that? Hemivertebra in dogs is a congenital condition where the dog has one or more deformed segments of vertebra, which are the bones that make up the spine. Normal vertebrae, are spool-shaped when viewed from the side. A hemivertebra will appear as a wedge or triangle. It may be fused to another vertebra or wedge-shaped, leading to misalignment and twisting in the spine. This condition may or may not cause problems. The symptoms your dog experiences as a result of hemivertebra depend on the location of the hemivertebra and how many vertebrae are deformed. In problem cases, most symptoms occur at a young age. Initially, the signs continue to worsen until reaching a stable plateau once the vertebrae stop growing. German Shorthaired Pointers and German Shepherd Dogs can experience this condition by inheriting an autosomal recessive gene. The mode of inheritance in other breeds is not known. A preliminary diagnosis of hemivertebra is made by taking simple radiographs. The affected vertebrae are usually in the thoracic, or rib cage, region of the spine. When dogs have signs of related spinal disease, a more defined diagnosis may require sophisticated imaging studies. In veterinary medicine, compression of the spinal cord is usually diagnosed by myelography. This X-ray technique uses an injectable dye to show where and how the compression is occurring. Advanced imaging is increasingly available, and the use of CT scans and MRIs can give detailed information to aid in reaching a definitive diagnosis. Dogs experiencing mild pain associated with hemivertebra-associated spinal compression respond well to rest and anti-inflammatory drugs. If the compression is more significant, surgery is usually necessary to relieve the pain. The surgical procedure is called a hemilaminectomy. The material of the disc that is pressing against the spinal cord is removed and the spine is stabilized. What causes kinked tails? The tail is an extension of the spinal column, which is made up of several different kinds of vertebrae. These different types of spinal segments vary slightly in size and shape according to their function. Some dogs are born with abnormalities in the shape of their tail. As long as the defect is only found on the tail, the problem is only cosmetic. Another concern is that using a dog with a malformed tail in a breeding program might result in puppies with serious defects in other parts of the body, as well as the tail. When the skeleton of an unborn puppy develops, the heart, blood vessels and urogenital systems develop in the same embryologic layer. Defects in the development of the spinal column are an indication there may also be abnormalities in the formation of the skull, kidney, bladder and heart. In more serious cases, cleft palate, hydrocephalus water on the brain , wry jaw, deformed ribs, extra or missing toes, and short legs can be seen. The presence of kinks in the tail, especially the tip of the tail, often go unnoticed in breeds that are docked. The breeds that are docked typically have the procedure done when the puppies are three to five days of age. It may be important to note in their medical records which puppies have a kinked tail when they are docked to see if any other anomalies develop as the puppy grows. This is also information to consider when planning a breeding program and to pass on to the future owner. Smaller kinks that are the result of tendon or ligament contractions, and not deformed vertebrae, can often be straightened out with gentle manipulation in the first few days of life. You can use masking tape to make a light splint around the tail. The tape should be tight enough to straighten the tail, but not so tight that the blood circulation may be affected. The splint should be changed every two days as the puppy grows. Usually, you only need to lightly splint the tail for seven to 10 days. Tails can also become kinked as a result of injury. If a bone segment in the tail is fractured or if two vertebrae are dislocated, the tail may kink as it heals. Certain types of trauma can lead to a crooked tail. Rough play, bite wounds, and striking the tail against a wall or hard object while wagging can also lead to kinks. These types of injury are definitely painful initially, but once the hurt subsides, the bent-tail problem is strictly cosmetic. Screw tail is a descriptive slang term for the short, corkscrew-like deviation of the tail most commonly seen in the Bulldog, French Bulldog, Pug and Boston Terrier. The shape of the tail is due to the malformation of one or several vertebrae in the tail. The abbreviated length in a screw tail is the result of genetic selection for shortening of the tail by eliminating the number of vertebrae in the tail. Some screw tails only have four or five vertebrae. These two traits — the misshape and small number of spinal segments — produce the characteristic screw tail. When the bend in the tail is close to the body, the tail can appear inverted or ingrown. Deep skin folds have a natural tendency to accumulate moisture. This can lead to an infected, painful and itchy skin-fold dermatitis, known as intertrigo, surrounding the tail. Severe cases of screw tail partially obstruct the anus, making it difficult to defecate. Feces and anal-sac fluid accumulate, worsening the infection. These dogs have a terrible odor from the infection, and may scoot and rub their rears on the floor or carpeting. Mild cases can be treated with antibiotics and managed by keeping the skin folds clean and dry. More severe cases require surgery, which involves amputating the end of the tail and removing the infected skin fold. This is a challenging procedure and is best performed by a board-certified veterinary surgeon. The risk of fecal incontinence is a real concern, but a rare complication under the care of an experienced surgeon. This article may not be reposted, reprinted, rewritten, excerpted or otherwise duplicated in any medium without the express written permission of the publisher.

This comes at no extra cost to you. This is peak puppy biting time and it will get better soon. So to prepare you and help you be the best puppy parent you can be, this article will show you: What to expect from a four-month-old Golden Retriever puppy How big a four-month-old Golden is How much sleep a puppy needs at this age What kind of exercise a four-month-old Golden Retriever needs How to train your four-month-old pup How much a four-month-old Golden Retriever should eat How to deal with teething and chewing 4-Month-Old Golden Retriever Behaviors Oliver at 4 months old! At four months old, your puppy has had a couple of months to learn how things operate around the house. This can make things easier for you because your puppy is likely falling into your daily routine. Now that your puppy is a bit older, they may experiment to see what they can make happen for themselves. This does not mean they are a bad pup! You might observe that your four-month-old puppy has even more energy than when they were three months old. This is normal as they gain better coordination and stamina. Always remember that energy is both physical AND mental. What 4-Month-Old Golden Retrievers Look Like Your week-old Golden might start looking a little gangly with long legs that seemingly sprouted overnight see the video below of Oliver. They might also begin losing their cottony puppy coat, which can cause them to look a bit funny as their more coarse adult coat grows in. The picture above is Oliver at four months old, as is this video below. He was so lanky and goofy! Ideally, you were getting your puppy out and about safely, and giving them positive experiences that will prepare them for life as an adult dog. Remember to keep outings with your puppy fun and positive, and avoid things that might be scary or overwhelming. As your puppy shows more signs of physical maturity, it can be easy to start expecting more from them. Be consistent in teaching them how things work, how to act and what to expect. Keep showing them that you are a kind, trustworthy person who meets their needs and keeps things fun and safe. While your puppy may have been a cute round ball of fluff at two months of age , they should be kept nice and lean at this age. Unfortunately, Golden Retrievers can be prone to joint issues. You should be able to easily feel their ribs without having to dig around too much. Four-month-old Golden Retriever puppies need about 18 hours of sleep per day. Sometimes it can feel like they have tons of energy that you need to burn and it can be tempting to keep them really active to try to wear them out. While they definitely do need exercise and fun activities, too much go-go-go can actually backfire and push the puppy into an overtired state. A puppy that is overtired might be really wild — bouncing off your furniture, barking a lot, and biting you more than usual. Creating a routine around nap time and bed time can really help your puppy relax and fall asleep more quickly. They ate, they pooped, you took them on a nice stroll and played with their favorite squishy ball. You even did some fun training games and they worked on a puzzle toy. Your puppy parent sense tells you that they are ready for a nap, so you take them outside for a final potty. When you come back inside, you grab a frozen stuffed Kong or toppl for your puppy to enjoy in their crate. Puppy goes in the crate and you give them their frozen treat. Then you cover the crate, and turn on a white noise machine to drown out noises while they rest. Any time your puppy is making you pull your hair out, ask yourself when their last nap was. So often, an obnoxious puppy is actually a tired puppy and the solution is sleep! Click here to download the potty training cheat sheet to make potty training much easier! Fifteen to twenty-minute walks are best for four-month-old Golden Retriever puppies, but a general rule is to let your puppy set the pace when it comes to exercise. If they need a break and flop down in the shade, let them take a breather. So while you may hope your Golden Retriever pup grows into a great running or cycling partner one day, keep things short and easy for now. And by four months of age, your puppy probably has all their necessary vaccinations, which is such a relief. This can open up their world a bit more, which means you have more options for exercise. Get a well-fitted harness and a long leash , and hit up a local trail or open space with your puppy. Unstructured time outdoors is ideal exercise for this breed. That means your pup is free to sniff and frolic around, rather than being in a perfect heel position by your side. Golden Retrievers were historically bred to spend a lot of time outdoors, running through the fields and bounding through water. Modern Goldens still love these activities and giving your four-month-old pup some nature therapy will set them up for physical and mental wellness. Neighborhood walks can also be a nice outlet for a pup of this age. Always allow your Golden to stop and sniff on walks. In addition, you can also work on:. But to develop properly, your puppy needs your help and encouragement. This is because the biting peaks at about 4 months old. The exercise needs of a four-month-old Golden Retriever puppy Training for a four-month-old Golden Retriever Feeding four-month-old Golden Retriever puppies How to deal with chewing and biting What to Expect From a 4-Month-Old Golden Retriever Puppy 4-Month-Old Golden Retriever By now your puppy has been in your house for a couple of months and has learned about the rules and the way things work in their environment. This means that your puppy is getting comfortable and falling into step with your daily routine. Because of this, things are a little less chaotic in dealing with your pup than they were when you first brought them home. When your pup pushes boundaries and does new things, this is actually a sign of intelligence and mental development, neither of which are bad things. Your puppy will also have more energy, stamina, and coordination than they had in the previous weeks. Their coat will also look a bit odd. This will result in some random patches of fluff. At 4 months old, your golden should be roughly half of its adult height. When it comes to how much they should weigh, the average is around lbs. There are different types of Golden Retrievers and they come in all sizes. Heredity plays a part, as well. If your pup had small parents, then your pup will likely be a little smaller. And if your puppy was seriously ill for a prolonged period of time, then it may have inhibited its ability to grow properly when compared to healthy puppies. But usually, once the worms have been eliminated, the puppy will start to grow normally again. This means that your puppy will have already learned a lot of the socialization skills it needs to develop properly. The socialization your pup experienced prior to their four-month milestone will affect their behaviors and temperament going forward with their lives. Hopefully, you let your puppy go on adventures into the world and they had safe positive experiences. You should still take them out in public and teach them how to be well-behaved. You still need to keep your socialization light-hearted and safe. Your puppy is a baby animal, and they can become traumatized the same as human infants can. You also need to be more patient with them during this time period. Your four-month-old Golden Retriever puppy will sleep somewhere between 11 and 18 hours per day. While your puppy will be really energetic and hyper and your instinct may be to give them lots of exercises to burn off the extra energy, this can actually backfire on you. To avoid an overly- tired puppy, make sure your pup is getting naps in. You can use a crate or pen to help confine them to their sleep area. Developing a nap time routine is quite easy. Once your puppy has eaten, played, and went potty, you can put them in their crate with a soft toy to chew on. Puppies chew to soothe themselves to sleep. Intense exercise and prolonged repetitive motions can even cause injury to their developing joints and muscles. Not to mention the fact that when puppies are over-stimulated and exhausted it causes them to act up. So, how much exercise should a four-month-old Golden Retriever puppy get? Your pup has more energy than they did last month, so they can now go on walks for 20 minutes at a time. In general, you should let your puppy decide how much exercise they can handle. If your puppy stops and decides to lay down in the middle of the walk, let them. They obviously need a break. By the time they reach this age, golden puppies should be up to date with their vaccinations, which is great because they love the outdoors. The type of exercise that your Golden Retriever puppy will likely enjoy the most involves unstructured play outside. Originally, Golden Retrievers were bred to hunt and do fieldwork, and your golden puppy will likely love the outdoors because of this. You can gently put them in the water, or allow them to get in themselves. People who live in more urban environments will find that their golden pups will enjoy walks around the neighborhood. Smells will engage brains and provide mental stimulation. You should be focused mainly on teaching your puppy to be comfortable with alone time, as well as potty training. Keep treats with you when you take your pup out on walks to reward positive behaviors and a good job on their leash. For instance, if you typically give your pup a treat when they come back inside from going potty, then you can use this opportunity to work with them to sit and stay and wait for their treat. To work with them about being comfortable with being alone, you should put them in their crate or pen and then gradually stay out of their sight for longer and longer each time. This takes practice. So this training is important. For more information about separation anxiety, check out our article about goldens and separation anxiety. For more information about training, check out our article about training golden retriever puppies. Your four-month-old golden pup should be eating 3 meals a day , spread throughout the day. They should be eating about 1 cup of food at each meal. Golden Retrievers have a major problem with overeating. Like us, they find food enjoyable and comforting too. A good rule of thumb to determine whether your pup is overweight is to pick them up. To find out for certain whether your pup is the right weight, you should take them to the veterinarian and follow their recommendations. Four months old is typically the peak chewing and biting period. This makes their gums uncomfortable and painful. You should also make sure that there are lots of chew toy options and chewy treats in your house so that your puppy can get the chewing out of their system without doing anything destructive. Using pens and gates can be really useful during this time. Just walk to the other side of the pen. If you missed the other articles in this series, you can find them here:. Your new furry friend has a lot of growing to do, and you probably have a lot of questions. Your Golden Retriever puppy will go through a number of developmental stages throughout their first twelve weeks. Male Golden Retrievers generally weigh between 65 and 75 pounds and stand from 23 to 24 inches tall. Females are generally smaller weighing between 55 to 65 pounds, and will grow to stand .At 4 months, your Golden Retriever puppy will reach about half their adult height. When it comes to mental development, it can take even longer than that before the Golden Retriever is fully mature. However, every puppy is a unique individual, and these are merely milestone guidelines. Disparities exist between the working and show Goldens, as well as between males and females. Golden Retriever puppy growth can also be quite sporadic. As an overall average, many Golden Retriever puppies will weigh just approximately 1. Golden Retrievers are classified as a gundog breed, and these dogs are often divided into those bred for show and those meant for work. However, the body of the show Golden is typically larger, taller, heavy-boned, and fuller in the chest. Small Parents Like people, puppies inherit physical traits from their parents. And even puppies from the same litter can vary in size. Neither of these scenarios is healthy for a puppy. Larger breeds like the Golden Retriever are more at risk for growth disorders than small breed dogs. This article will give you a lot more information on how much to feed, what to feed, and how often to feed a Golden Retriever puppy. Illness and Puppy Growth If a puppy has been seriously ill for a prolonged period, it may affect their ability to grow normally. However, once the puppy is free of worms, they should continue to grow at a normal rate. The best way to determine if your puppy is too thin or too fat is by how he looks and feels. When looking at your puppy from above, he should have a noticeable waistline. Another way to tell is by putting your hands on either side of his ribcage. You should be able to feel his ribs using a gentle pressure. But if his ribs are visible, he could be underweight. Obesity is a huge problem for many dog breeds. Although there are ways to make your puppy grow bigger, this is not something you should attempt. It could also mean you end up with a fat puppy. One of the best ways to ensure your puppy has a long, healthy life is to ensure he stays at an optimal weight. Hip and elbow dysplasia and other musculoskeletal disorders are associated with excess weight in larger breeds. Having your dog neutered at a young age can also cause them to grow taller. The problem is, this can also cause abnormalities in joint formation. Neutering also makes Golden Retrievers more at risk for certain types of cancers. Typically it will take approximately 18 months for your Golden Retriever to become an adult dog. Even though they can reach their full height at anywhere from 9 to 12 months, it will usually take them longer to fill out to their full weight. Remember that there are wide variations in size within the Golden Retriever breed. If this is the case, you should contact your veterinarian to seek advice. Beginning the puppy development stages before birth Puppy development stages week by week Amazingly, in a way the puppy development stages begin before your dog is even born. Your puppy spends approximately 9 weeks developing inside his Mom. The mother dog has a womb or uterus, that has two long tubes, and the puppies grow in a row along each tube rather like peas in a pod. The puppies are joined to their mother by a placenta which provides all the nourishment they need for those few weeks. To begin with, the puppies have plenty of room to move but they grow fast and as the time for birth draws near they are packed in quite tightly. The one week old puppy Your puppy is born fully furred but with his eyes and ears closed so he cannot hear or see. His front feet are strong and he can pull himself towards his mother with them. He can cry if he is uncomfortable and his mother will respond to his cries by moving him towards her and licking him. Your puppy spends most of his time sleeping or suckling. He cannot regulate his own body temperature and needs his mother for heat, or an artificial heat source. In the first week to ten days of his life your puppy grows rapidly and will double his birth weight. His forelegs are getting much stronger. She licks the puppies bottoms to stimulate a bowel or bladder movement and eats the result. There is no cleaning up for the breeder to do yet. The breeder will begin to handle the puppies more though, and get them used to human contact. She will worm the puppies for the first time at the end of this week. Puppies begin to get their personalities. Your puppy can stand and sit up by the end of the week. Tails can be wagged, ears will be completely open and puppies start play growling and interacting with their littermates. Your puppy can regulate his body temperature more effectively and will start to cut his first teeth in preparation for weaning. The front teeth, canines and incisors are cut first. Toward the end of the week he may have his first tiny taste of puppy food. They also start to move away from the sleeping area to empty their bowels and bladder. They may try to climb out of the whelping box. If she lives indoors, she may rejoin the family for more of each day. Your puppy will cut his back teeth and the breeder will get weaning underway this week and by the end of it, your puppy will be getting quite a bit of his nourishment from puppy food. She will also worm the puppies a second time. If the mother is allowed near the puppies after she has been fed, she may regurgitate her dinner for them. This is completely natural and normal. He is a proper little dog. Rolling around with his brothers and sisters and playing with toys. Teething toys, puppy Kongs, balls and rope toys are big favorites with puppies. He can bark too and some puppies can be quite noisy at this age! He chases after his mother whenever she appears and suckles hungrily, but she is starting to get fed up with it, and may be reluctant to feed her brood for very long. His mother is teaching him not to bite too hard. If he lives in outdoor kennels he should spend part of each day indoors with the family. By the end of the sixth week, most are fully weaned, and eating five or six little meals of puppy food each day. Socialization must begin in earnest. He is now two months old and ready for his new life. It is the time during which they become fearful of anything unfamiliar and need to be thoroughly socialized. This is also the time during which most puppies get to grips with house-training, learning to wait before eliminating and start sleeping through the night without a potty break. It is a busy time for new puppy owners. Your puppy will have his vaccinations during this month. Biting can be a big problem during this stage and you need to be patient and consistent in order to teach the puppy not to hurt people when he plays. Provided you use force free methods, this is a great time to get puppy training under way, and especially to teach a puppy recall, and to get your puppy used to working with food. So, for a 2. You can do the same calculation for medium pups at sixteen weeks and large breed pups at 20 weeks — just divide his weight by his age in weeks before you multiply by .Medium to large pups will reach about half their adult height by the end of the month. If the weather is warm you can get your puppy swimming now. He should be able to come when he is called, in and around your home, provided there are not too many distractions. It all depends on what you have taught him. He may still be chewing a lot and biting too. Use frozen Kongs to help him and give your furniture and fingers a break. Puppies can go for short walks now. By the end of this month your puppy could have a twenty minute walk each day. He may also enjoy fetching a ball and playing with other dogs, but take care to stop before he gets very tired. Less dependence This is the month during which some puppies start to become less dependent on their humans for security. Keep your puppy close to you outdoors by changing direction frequently so that you puppy has to keep coming to find you. And engaging him in games. The foundations of a great recall are often build or spoilt during this month. If your puppy knows how to sit or lie down at home, start some simple proofing exercises with him in public places. A healthy puppy can usually manage on two meals a day from around six months. During this month a Retriever, Spaniel or GSD puppy will reach around two thirds of his adult weight. A Great Dane and other large breeds will have reached about half their final weight and little dogs will have almost completed their growth. Some female dogs will come on heat for the first time during this month, or the next, so keep an eye open now for swelling of her vulva and any discharge. Your dog will become increasingly confident over the next few months so practice, practice and practice that recall! Make it a habit he cannot break. And be generous with your rewards. Small breed pups may now be more or less mature. Your puppy will enjoy half hour off lead walks now, and should be able to walk on a loose lead for short periods with plenty of encouragement and rewards. Keep practicing that recall! These help to slow his growth further and to build his confidence. Make sure you practice good outdoor management on walks to maintain the good recall you have built and work hard on thoroughly proofing all his obedience skills. Read up on neutering before you take this important step, for dogs of either sex. Once your dog is a year old he can participate in more strenuous activities and sports. Now is the time to think about the kinds of activities you would like to do with him — go jogging together for example — and if necessary, to start to get him fit. Puppy development stages — Summary There is huge variation in the way in which dogs develop and mature. The puppy development stages and ages outlined above are a rough guide. We hope you enjoyed them and found the information interesting. When it comes to training, you get out what you put in. Your progress depends as much if not more on you rather than your puppy. If you train your puppy five times a day, six days a week he will learn many, many times faster than a puppy that is trained once a day at the weekend. Enjoy watching your puppy grow and develop. And have fun!

Things to do with your English Bulldog Pennsylvania is a great place to live with an English bulldog. The state has a diverse landscape, plenty of outdoor activities, and dog-friendly businesses. Hike the Trails Hiking is a great way to get some exercise and enjoy the outdoors. There are many hiking trails in Pennsylvania that are perfect for English bulldogs. Be sure to bring plenty of water and snacks for your dog, and take breaks often. Visit a Campground Camping is another great way to enjoy the outdoors with your English bulldog. There are many campgrounds in Pennsylvania that allow dogs. Be sure to bring a tent, sleeping bags, food, water, and other supplies. There are many places to fish in Pennsylvania, both in fresh water and salt water. Be sure to get a fishing license and follow all the rules and regulations. Go Boating Boating is another great way to enjoy the outdoors with your English bulldog. There are many places to boat in Pennsylvania, both on rivers and lakes. Be sure to bring a life jacket for your dog and follow all the safety rules. There are many places to swim in Pennsylvania, both in fresh water and salt water. Be sure to supervise your dog at all times and follow all the safety rules. Visit a Dog Park Dog parks are a great place for English bulldogs to run and play off-leash. There are many dog parks in Pennsylvania, both in urban and rural areas. Visit Pet-Friendly Businesses Pennsylvania has a number of pet-friendly businesses, including restaurants, hotels, and stores. These are just a few of the many things you can do with your English bulldog in Pennsylvania. With its stunning scenery, endless activities, and friendly people, Pennsylvania is the perfect place to create lasting memories with your furry friend. How do you breed for a healthier English Bulldog? Like all things in life, breeding for health is simply a matter of priority. We are blind to many of the breed priorities that distract other breeders from improving the health of the English Bulldog. We focus on health and personality and very little else. We are not interested in winning a blue ribbon in the show ring. Rather, we test for things like elongated soft palates, narrow tracheas, stenotic nares, luxation in the patellar tendons, heart defects, cherry eye, optic cilia, entropion, ect. We focus and prioritize creating healthy bloodlines, therefore our bulldogs are typically much healthier than the breed as a whole. After breeding for health, what other priorities are you focused on? Our true desire is to create the perfect family bulldog. We also believe a bulldog bred for the correct personality is essential to the family unit as well. A Bruiser Bulldog is bred for intelligence and playfulness. We want our bulldogs to be full of personality and some quirk. We believe a full personality along with a little stubbornness is the true North star of the bulldog breed and is what makes the unique among other breeds. We look for these personality traits in our adult bulldogs and continue to create bloodlines that reflect these qualities. What are the steps of your adoption process if I am located in Pennsylvania? Check out our available English Bulldog Puppies page. At times, we have available puppies but almost always have a waiting list as well. A quick look at our available puppies is the starting point to begin the process. Send us an email or give us call .If approved to adopt one of our puppies you are welcome to place a deposit to hold until your puppy is ready to go home. Greetings from the Wysongs! Northern Indiana based, Bruiser Bulldogs offers purebred English Bulldog Puppies for sale to loving adopters seeking to find a higher quality English Bulldog. As English Bulldog breeders , Mitch and Erica Wysong have dedicated themselves to a lifelong journey of changing the culture and societal pressures of poor breeding practices within the English Bulldog Community. Mitch and Erica believe in producing a healthy English Bulldog puppy first and foremost. Through years of research and development, Bruiser Bulldogs is leading a new movement away from the overdone, wrinkled bulldog that has been long plagued by health problems. By embracing a healthier, more athletic look they are able to ensure that each and every English Bulldog Puppy for sale by Bruiser Bulldogs is supported by a platform of health tested, clean genetics. Upon adoption, each family that takes on the responsibility of a Bruiser Bulldog enters into an active and vibrant communal family of bulldog owners. Mitch and Erica believe it is their responsibility to provide emotional and mental support for the lifetime of each and every English Bulldog puppy they produce. To ensure the success of every adoption, Bruiser Bulldogs will always be committed to helping Bruiser Bulldog adopters care for their English Bulldogs to the best of their ability. I am familiar with common and uncommon health problems they may face so when my boyfriend and I decided we were ready to adopt our own english puppy finding a reputable breeder that prioritizes health was most important to us. Erica and Mitch of Bruiser Bulldogs are just that. They are experienced, ethical and quality breeders. I was referred to them by my friend that I trust after I saw their gorgeous healthy puppy. Our Puppy Primrose is the light of our lives! Bruisers was there to assist us every step of the way. We would highly recommend Bruisers Bulldogs to anyone looking for their own happy, healthy pup! Leah H. We were lucky to have come across Bruiser Bulldogs and even more so the fact that they were near our family and hometown made it even better. We have had Clementine Callie for four months now, and she is a wonderful dog. Her personality is amazing, and I think part of it is breeding and the other part is Erika and her family lovingly raising the puppies in their home with plenty of attention and snuggles. I also was impressed that, rather than send the puppies out right at 8 weeks, Erika kept ours for a few extra weeks because she was tiny and not read to leave her mom yet. It's that care that differentiates Bruisers from other breeders. Emily R. Erica was easy to work with thru the entire process from application to adopting and now beyond as we host our new family member, Chief. Her on-call support and willingness to provide open, honest advice to all of our questions and concerns continues to be appreciated. We would highly recommend Bruiser Bulldogs to anyone looking for an English Bulldog to join their family. Elizabeth W. Lady L. They are experienced, responsive and knowledgeable about all things bulldog related. They went above and beyond for us and are truly dedicated to all of their pups! We love our little girl so much and would recommend Bruiser to anyone looking for a healthy beautiful bully. Jonathan E. Erica and Mitch are trustworthy, excellent communicators, fair, passionate, and produce the best bulldogs. We were at the top of the waiting list for months and Erica reached out every litter to see if we were finally ready for a bulldog. When we were, she was very easy to work with. Her knowledge on bulldogs is outstanding. We had many questions on the process and she always knew what was best for the puppy. We've had Penny formerly Blair for two months and she is very healthy, energetic, playful, and sweet. She is great with other people and dogs. We are so happy with our pup. When we are ready for bulldog 2, we will only consider Bruiser Bulldogs. Mitch C. Bowser was born April and is an integral part of our family. When we were first exploring English Bulldog breeders our biggest concern was the overall health of the dogs. We decided to work with Erica at Bruiser Bulldogs because we liked their focus on improving the breeds breathing abilities and the fact that the puppies are raised within her family environment before coming home with their new owners. Bowser also breaths clearly and our vet was impressed with his overall health from the moment we brought him home. All that said we know English Bulldogs have a predisposition to many health issues and that his current health can not predict the future. With that In mind its important to start with a breeder that open to answer any of your questions as Erica has ours, and that strongly believes in improving the breeds overall health profile. Adam B. My sister ended up finding Bruiser Bulldogs and we knew right away that they were the breeder for us. In September we ended up driving 9 hours to pick up two Bruiser bulldog puppies- one for my husband and I and one for my mom. Jackson and Penelope have been nothing but a joy. They are both very athletic and healthy. They are also HUGE snugglers and always want to be with you. It is an absolute pleasure having these two bullies in our lives! Erica is very knowledgeable about the breed. She is very hands on throughout the process and is just overall a kind and honest person to work with. With all that being said I cannot recommend Bruiser Bulldogs enough! Collyn C. One of the reasons we chose Bruiser Bulldogs was due to the claims about breeding for health. During our first visit at our vet's office, he told us that our pup was one of the healthiest English bulldogs he had ever seen. He is healthy, happy and social. Would recommend to anyone. Christina S. We seen our dog on their website and sent them an Email. Mitch called us and personally walked us through the process and made sure we had the right dog for our family. We couldn't be happier when we picked up our dog Ramsey, Erica made sure we had everything we needed and then some. They are truly amazing people who breed truly amazing dogs! Jim T. About us It all began in , when my husband brought home our first English Bulldog puppy. I didn't grow up with dogs, however my husband did and I quickly fell in love with our little Bulldog puppy, which led to where we are today. We are a small in home breeder of quality English and French Bulldog puppies. We are nestled in the small town of Millmont Pennsylvania on a 52 acre farmette, with plenty of peace and quiet to raise our dogs. We are also in compliance with AKC. .American Kennel Club. Our dogs are our beloved pets, and we strive to breed responsibly. They are family raised, well socialized and come to you happy and healthy. We are committed to the betterment of the breed by placing a priority on health, temperament, and conformation. Our priority is locating a loving and responsible home for each puppy. We will do everything we can to earn your trust and assure a pleasant adoption experience as well as offer lifetime breeder support. We make sure the puppies we offer are loved and spoiled from birth so they will be secure, happy dogs all their lives. These magnificent dogs will steal your heart with their comical antics and sweet personality. Our Puppies. Life Span Did You Know? The loving and gentle English Bulldog is one of the most well-liked companion dog breeds around the world. A breed of English origins, the Bulldog was first recognized as a non-sporting dog by the American Kennel Club in .The original use of this breed was Bull baiting, which was eventually outlawed with the establishment of the Cruelty to Animals Act of .This legislative act made the act of Bull and Bear baiting both illegal. The current role most suitable for the English Bulldog would be as a companion or family pet, given their sweet demeanor. The English Bulldog is relatively easy to train but definitely takes some work for more complicated commands. If you are looking for a breed to sit, stay, and play dead for treats, this is the breed for you. While they may not be the sharpest tool in the shed compared to some of the other highly intelligent breeds, they are easy going and apt to please their owner. Training this breed will be accomplished with less difficulty if you make the training reward based. Can you say Sweetheart? While this dog breed makes an above average watchdog because of their courage, this breed is a loving companion at heart. The Bulldog is excellent with kids when socialized and should be very agreeable with guests of the house. The English Bulldog breed as a whole is heralded as one of the most well liked companion breeds in the world. The Bulldog should do well with other family pets as long as properly introduced and socialized. They need to be socialized early and often to curb any negative feelings towards strange dogs. This breed is generally agreeable to most environments. Although they easily adapt to a noisy and chaotic household, they are not very tolerant of extreme weather, whether it be hot or cold. Although they are well liked and very popular, one must be aware of the potential health pitfalls with this breed. Some of the potential issues you can see with the English Bulldog is Cherry Eye, Entropion, or dysplasia. This breed also has a high risk for weight gain, so this should be monitored. An average Bulldog life span is between 8 and 12 years. You do not need to be a professional dog trainer to own an English Bulldog. They are good for most novice owners because they are passive by nature. The English Bulldog is an average shedder, so brushing him twice a week with a firm brush will be a good idea. Also, they can have a tendency to drool, so making sure you wipe their face off everyday can help ensure they do not suffer irritation on their faces and between their wrinkles. Because of the amount of wrinkles they have, it is recommended that you clean between the wrinkles fairly often to avoid irritations. The English Bulldog is a generally low energy breed. They do not require a lot of exercise, but when they do play, they play hard! Because they can be intense when they do have an energy burst, an owner must be aware of overexertion. They can be very playful, but do tend to tire out quickly. The English Bulldog is a short, stocky breed that should weigh between pounds. This dog breed generally lives for years. Presidents Calvin Coolidge and Warren G. Harding both owned English Bulldogs. Featured English Bulldog Article.

These puppies have a one-year health guarantee against genetic defects and are given specific nutrition information to ensure that they remain healthy. All of their Frenchies are AKC-registered and have a good temperament to ensure your puppies will also take after them. It is safe to say that all of their puppies are socialized and have a good temperament to fit a family at home. Cardin French Bulldogs Cardin French Bulldogs have been breeding Frenchies since , and all of them are brought up around the rest of the animals and family. Each litter is produced yearly and bred on a twenty-acre property with horses, hens, dogs, and children, so the Frenchies are guaranteed to be socialized. Harleyville French Bulldogs The puppies bred by Harvey French Bulldogs are raised and socialized by a loving family in Minnesota, where they are handled daily. All of their puppies are raised with the intention of making them great companions for anyone looking for company. Previously, they raised Boxers but switched to Frenchies over eight years ago. Harleyville French Bulldogs are happy to answer any questions about their puppies and will always endeavor to respond within twenty-four to forty-eight hours. They have a thorough application process to obtain a puppy from them to ensure that their puppies go to the right forever home. They have a health guarantee in place and are microchipped to ensure that the puppies can be found if lost. Along with these elements, they offer breeder support and a puppy pack with a few more additions to ensure your puppy is comfortable in their new home. All their puppies are home raised and are exposed to children and households from a young age to ensure they are socialized. All of their puppies are examined and given shots by a licensed and certified veterinarian, who will also provide health checks to ensure they are completely healthy. They have been working with Frenchies since , and have also worked with show homes and have been breeding since then. They will conduct OFA health testing on their Frenchies to ensure they are as healthy as possible. Overall, their desire is to ensure that everyone has a Frenchie as a pet that is healthy, so that they can live a long life with you and your family. Their main goal is to breed their Frenchies with good health, temperament, and color. All of the puppies born to them are treated like part of the family and are socialized from a young age. Each litter has a waiting list, and all puppies have a health guarantee. However, this is also a great way to meet the adult Frenchies and understand their temperaments, especially to gauge what your pup is like when they reach maturity. All of their Frenchies are health tested and are checked for over conditions that may affect them, and they have access to four generations of pedigree. All of their dogs are socialized from a young age, and they encourage you to pick them up as they do not ship them. They will not breed a litter unless it is guaranteed that they have families waiting for them, so recommend that you put in a deposit to guarantee a puppy from the litter. SweetHeart Frenchies All Frenchies from SweetHeart Frenchies are bred for their health, size, and standard, and all have a good temperament. This contains health info, instructions on raising your puppy, AKC limited registration, their pedigree, a one-year health guarantee, the veterinary record, puppy food, toys, a leash, a collar, and lifetime support from them. They also ensure that all of their Frenchies are microchipped and dewormed and have all of their shots done. Sweetheart Frenchies will also ensure that they socialize the puppies so that they have the right environments, and they will interview prospective homes to find the right forever homes for their Frenchies. All of these puppies are health checked and are up to date with any vaccinations that they need. Other articles of interest:. Good French Bulldog breeders are expected to be responsible and help you with the process of selecting the right puppy for you. Harley French Bulldogs is a family business, and its main goal is to deliver high-quality AKC French Bulldogs that are healthy and happy before anything else. From the day they are born, puppies are raised indoors, where they start getting used to people, loud sounds, and the environment around them. This also includes socialization and fun daily activities that will make them the ideal companions for you. Their business started eleven years ago, but at that time they were raising Boxers, and then after three years they switched to breeding quality French Bulldogs. All their puppies come fully vaccinated and dewormed, with a microchip, a puppy pack, and a five-year genetic health guarantee. If you have any questions or struggles with your new pup, you can always count on support from the breeders. As you can see, this family enjoys every aspect of their job, and there is no doubt that you will be satisfied if you choose to buy one of their lovable Frenchies. Harleyville French Bulldogs Details. Welcoming a new puppy into your home is an exciting time filled with joy, cuddles, and a few inevitable challenges. One of the most common questions new puppy owners ask is, "When can puppies go outside? Table of Contents Easiest Dog to Take Care of: Top 10 Breeds for a Happy Home Do you ever dream about having a furry best friend who loves to play fetch, gives the warmest cuddles, and greets you with the happiest tail wags every time you come home? A friend who is not just any dog, but the easiest dog to take care of? We know, it sounds like a dream come true, right? But we also understand that bringing a new puppy home is a big step. It's like adding a new member to your family, a little brother or sister.All French Bulldog Insights French Bulldog Breed Info If you're seeking an adorable companion with a charmingly squashed face, an easygoing personality, and a distinct penchant for lounging on the couch, the French Bulldog could just be your perfect match. With their signature bat ears and expressive eyes, French Bulldogs, or "Frenchies" as they are lovingly known, have captured the hearts of many dog lovers around the globe, consistently ranking among the most popular breeds. Renowned for their easy maintenance and the ability to thrive in apartment living, French Bulldogs are a city dweller's delight. Their small size, typically weighing under 28 pounds, makes them perfectly suited to compact urban spaces. However, their charming personalities and heartwarming companionship are universally loved, irrespective of city or countryside living. This breed's laid-back nature does not mean they're devoid of fun and play. On the contrary, French Bulldogs can be quite playful and are known for their often comical and entertaining antics, which only further endears them to their owners. Their affectionate demeanor, combined with a remarkably low barking tendency, makes them a joy to have around the house. French Bulldogs are sturdy, compact, and stocky, with a powerful muscular build that contradicts their small size. They have a smooth coat that comes in a variety of colors, from fawn and brindle to white and grey. Their facial expressions are human-like, and they're known to "talk" using a complex system of yawns, yips, and gargles. However, owning a French Bulldog does come with responsibilities. Their brachycephalic short-nosed nature makes them prone to certain health issues and less tolerant of extreme temperatures. Despite their muscular appearance, they are not the best swimmers, and care should be taken around bodies of water. We now live in Becker MN. I am a True Color Breeder. No fad color or designer mix breeds. I take great pride in being a Preservation Breeder and do not breed Designer color or Hair coat Frenchies. We breed occasionally for our own show dogs. Our goal is to produce dogs that are both healthy and pleasing to the eye, meeting and exceeding the AKC French Bulldog standards. Our home raised, Minnesota French Bulldog puppies are exposed to children and a lot of household commotion so they are well socialized before leaving to live with a new family. Our puppies are examined and vaccinated by a Licensed and Certified Veterinarian to verify their health prior to adoption to a new family. Those not chosen to be show dogs are available as companion dogs. We welcome inquires about pet and show prospect puppies. We can also offer referrals to reputable AKC breeders with French Bulldog puppies for sale in our area. Please feel free to browse through our website for a sneak peak at our French Bulldogs and French Bulldog puppies for sale. All of our AKC French Bulldogs are accustomed to family life and will be a loving member of your family. We strive to produce top quality MN French Bulldogs. Many questions can be answered on this site. Check out the buttons and links to find out if a French Bulldog is the right new family pet for you. Questions about French Bulldog puppies for sale in Minnesota? We have answers. How does French Bulldog puppies for sale in Minnesota work? The price tags for each pup can be influenced by factors like breeder experience and location, along with coat color and pedigree. Our network is designed to help you find the perfect French Bulldog for sale in Minnesota for you, including one that fits your budget. What kind of dog is a French Bulldog? The typical French Bulldog Minnesota is a short dog with pointed ears and an adorable little face. They're descended from English Bulldogs, designed to be a little smaller and more portable than their ancestors. These days, Minnesota French Bulldogs for sale are hugely popular family pets due to their loyal and loving nature. Why are French Bulldogs so expensive? One thing you might notice when browsing through Minnesota French Bulldog breeders is that these pups can be a little pricey. This is all down to their genetics. Due to the narrow hips of Frenchies, breeding them can be very difficult, leading to higher costs for breeders and higher prices on the pups as well. So if you want a healthy Minnesota French Bulldog puppy for sale, you'll need to pay a little extra when compared to other breeds. Do you only connect me with French Bulldog breeders nearby? Not at all! You can use Uptown to connect with breeders and businesses all over the US, and most of the featured breeders in the Uptown network are highly experienced in transporting puppies. They'll be able to arrange travel for your French Bulldog for sale Minnesota to any major airport in your area. How do you screen French Bulldog breeders? Uptown upholds the highest standards of animal welfare, breeding experience, facility cleanliness, and much more. Why is Uptown Puppies different from other places with French Bulldogs? The internet is a great tool for finding French Bulldog puppies for sale in Minnesota. Unfortunately, it's an equally useful tool for scammers, bad breeders, and puppy mills to sell sick dogs too! At Uptown, we aim to eliminate the risk of buying an unhealthy pup from a bad seller, putting you in touch with only the very best breeders. What is a puppy mill like? An honest breeding facility is a wonderful place for French Bulldog puppies in Minnesota, but a puppy mill is the exact opposite! At mills, dogs are forced to produce litter after litter of unhealthy puppies, many of which develop severe health issues that can cost thousands of dollars to fix. A lot of puppy mill dogs also die sooner than usual due to their mistreatment. Are there any French Bulldog litters available right now? These pups are super popular, so there are always plenty of new and upcoming litters to check out. We'll help to put you in touch with leading breeders and businesses and make your search for the perfect pup a simple and stress-free experience from start to finish. Are French Bulldogs suitable for apartments? A lot of apartment owners are opting for a Minnesota French Bulldog for sale these days, as these little, stubby dogs are just right for small home life. They don't have high energy levels or exercise requirements, so they can get on just fine in a little place, as long as they get plenty of cuddles, walks, and mental stimulation. Are French Bulldogs low-shedding? If you're looking for a low-shedding dog, French Bulldogs for sale in Minnesota aren't exactly the best choice, but they're not as bad as some other breeds. They're classed as moderate shedders and actually don't shed much for large parts of the year, but each spring and winter, they'll go through a couple of weeks of heavy shedding. You can minimize this by grooming them regularly.

German Shepherd Puppies are lovingly home raised and socialized at our modern 5 acre park like Kennel Facility in Florida Jacksonville. These are just a few words that describe our German shepherds. Life with a German Shepherd is a joy that one must experience to appreciate and understand, and the intelligence of these great dogs must be seen to be believed. AKC Registered Puppies In Gainesville Our dogs have provided countless individuals and families with a loyal pet that has a high aptitude, as well as the ability to provide protection. Each of the German shepherd puppies we have for sale are AKC registered and come from a superior lineage. Notably, our German Shepherds go through rigorous testing to qualify for breeding, as our dogs are bred with top sires that have at least a V or VA show rating. German Shepherds are well known for their character and temperament. Poised and confident, our pups are faithful and intelligent companions. They are also great protection dogs, as many safeguard homes, property or livestock. Our breeding program has earned the the highest level of accomplishments that a kennel in the United States can achieve. All of our German Shepherds come with a written guarantee and have been vet-checked, socialized, vaccinated to date, temperament-tested by a professional dog trainer, and above all, have been very much loved. Our German Shepherds are gorgeous Black and Red color, big boned, and correct structure. This price is determined by the size of the puppy, and includes the flight ticket, pre-flight vet exam, a crate the perfect size for your puppy, and travel to the airport. Every year we hand select dogs to add to our breeding program to improve the breed. Breeding top producing west German Sieger show Line German Shepherds is number one in producing quality German Shepherd puppies for sale. Being a German Shepherd dog breeder requires breeding high quality German Shepherds from some of the top rated German Shepherds in Germany They are superior in health with parents being x-rayed with clear hips and elbows by the OFA or the SV. These German shepherd litters of puppies for sale will make great companion dogs as well as excellent conformation, show and working dogs. Their inclination towards making their masters happy, their mental soundness and their high degree of intelligence have made this dog a successful working dog and masterpiece companion for their owners. Our breeding male shepherds are from top pedigrees. You can also visit us on our Facebook page to see recent news. Visit our website, at any moment you may feel you need more information than what we supply here feel free to Contact Us. Our main goal is to produce dogs that will become very special to you. Contact Us with any questions you have about our puppies or anything else. Our intent is to develop obedient, reliable, good tempered dogs with working ability. Health clearances, 2 year guarantee hips. Excellent temperaments. Imported European German Shepherds for your family. Adults occasionally. AKC Breeder of Merit. Training also available for obedience, personal protection, police, and support dog. And Breed the best of Europe's bloodlines. Producing show, working, family, sport, personal prot, SAR or competition obed Puppies with impeccable temperaments and rich color. Inquire for more info. Puppies are well socialized and have great temperaments. Mom and Dad are both European and are well socialized. Dad is from Czechoslovakia and from working lines, with OFA certified hips and elbows. We've developed a love for German Shepherds and the personality of European blood line. Some of our dogs have went on to be police k9, one bomb detection dog and one Arson dog. We have 5 puppies availablme. Excellent temperament, health, structure, pigment, nerve. Parents titled, health checked, temperament tested. Top quality puppies. They are from Working American and working Import European bloodlines. Many of them have titles and work in multiple areas which shows their versatility, adaptability, and ease of learning. They have loyal temperaments with natural protective instincts and have a strong willingness to be trained. They have heavy bone with well balanced bodies, and straight backs. They are working style dogs not show dogs. Males are lbs. Health tests.Bigboned, correct structure, super temperaments. Parents best hip ratings, dna tested for DM, microchipped, vet checked before leaving. Since .Breeding to the AKC standard. Written guarantee. German Shepherd puppies are beautiful animals. German Shepherd Puppies Gainesville Fl German Shepherd puppies are amazing animals and they need a loving, safe, and happy home. If you choose to own one of these dogs, you will want to make sure that you choose a place where the German Shepherd puppies will be safe and secure. There are many German Shepherd puppy owners in Gainesville Florida and this is because there are a lot of pet stores that have German Shepherd puppies. You should not worry about where you can find a good German Shepherd puppy in Gainesville Florida because many pet stores carry dogs. However, some pet stores only have certain breeds, and the other places that carry dogs might have different kinds of German Shepherd puppies. If you do not like to be separated from your dog and if you do not have a lot of time to go to the pet store, you may want to consider having an online pet shop. The best thing about finding a good online pet shop is that you can browse through all types of pet breeds and then select which breed of dog is right for you. You do not have to worry about what you want to look for when you are going to an online pet shop. You will be able to look through all types of German Shepherd puppies and then choose the best ones. It can be really easy when you are looking for a new dog to find a good online pet shop. Many dog lovers love to shop online because they can browse through pictures and descriptions so they know instantly what they are looking at. When you are looking for a dog, you will want to choose a breed that has all the necessary qualities and traits that your dog needs. A good example of a German Shepherd puppy that is healthy and safe would have a smooth temperament, is very trainable, and friendly. This is because you want a dog that is friendly and kind to everyone that comes into contact with them. You may also want to think about having German Shepherd puppies that have been spayed or neutered. This will help to keep the German Shepherd puppy safe in the long run. Spaying and neutering will also prevent the puppy from getting any unwanted habits or diseases and will also make sure that they are not exposed to any different types of infections. It is a good idea to take your time when it comes to choosing a dog. You will want to carefully look through all of the pictures and descriptions of the German Shepherd puppies that are available in your area. To ensure that you get the most out of your new dog, you will want to spend a lot of time researching. You will want to make sure that you give yourself plenty of time to find the right German Shepherd for you. There are plenty of online pet shops that carry German Shepherd puppies that come with everything that you want and more. Therefore, you do not have to worry about where you want to get a dog and then how long you will have to wait before you get your new puppy. As you can see, having a German Shepherd puppy is not as difficult as people make it sound. You will find a lot of good information online and you will be able to get a German Shepherd that you love and that is safe and comfortable in your home. German Shepherds, otherwise known as German Shepherds are very popular as pet dogs all over the world. Many people consider these dogs as their best friends. However, many owners are not sure about this breed. If you are in search of a new pup and have no idea on which dog breed to choose, then perhaps considering German Shepherd puppies for sale in Gainesville FL is a good choice. The first thing that you have to do before deciding to adopt a German Shepherd puppy from Gainesville FL would be to make sure that you are going to find the right dog for you. Of course, this depends on the purpose for which you are adopting the dog. If you are thinking of having a German Shepherd as a pet then you need to know that this breed is really active and requires a lot of attention from its master. So, it will not be a good option for you if you are a busy person who does not have much time to look after the dog. This will give you a better idea of how to deal with the puppy during the early years. You should also ask about the health history of the German Shepherd puppy. You should know if the puppy has had any diseases or any medical issues in the past. After finding the right German Shepherd puppies for sale in Gainesville FL you should visit the shelter where they got the puppies from. It is always a good idea to interact with the people there and know how they take care of the dogs. You can also ask for information on the diet that is given to the dogs. As the puppy needs to get a balanced diet, you should know where to buy it from. You should make sure that the puppy is fed with the ideal food for his breed. You should not let the breeder give you advice on the diet because it is specific to the dog breed. While buying the puppy from the breeder, you should observe the behavior of the dog. You should know whether it has any behavioral problems or not. If you are buying from a pet store, the staff would not be able to tell you whether the dog has some behavioral problems or not. In this way, you will be able to understand the temperament of the dog more accurately. You need to ask about the grooming and how often the dog needs to be brushed and clipped. You should also ask about the vaccines and whether it has had any previous illnesses. Some of these breeders also provide the right amount of nutrition for their dogs. This will ensure that they are healthy. If you are lucky then you will find one that has a well-kept shelter where the puppy can spend some quality time with his master. They look majestic when they are shown in the ring or when they are in the center of the crowd. If you want to buy these puppies from an experienced breeder, then you should know how to take care of them properly. You should know that they have very high standards and only the best breeders can manage to maintain the qualities. You should buy from a reputable breeder so that you can get the best possible puppy. German shepherd puppies are amazing pets and you should take good care of them. If you are looking for a good purebred dog, you should visit Gainesville FL, and look for the most suitable puppy. If you are lucky then you will find one that is healthy, happy, and cute. Share this:.

Younger puppies need more frequent meals. Older puppies can eat less often. Feeding your new puppy is one of the most important things you can do to lay the foundation for adult doghood. So, how often should you feed a puppy? Once weaned, puppies should get three scheduled feedings a day. Make sure you know the total amount of food he needs per day based on his weight and divide that amount among the three feedings. Our puppy feeding chart offers a more in-depth look at feeding amounts. Puppies 6 Months to 1 Year Old Around six months of age, decrease the number of feedings to twice a day: once in the morning and once in the evening. Some large breeds take 18 months to 2 years to fully mature. Once your puppy has reached full maturity based on his breed size, you can feed him once or twice a day. Choose the feeding schedule that works best for both you and your dog. Feeding a puppy food to adult dogs could cause him to become overweight because it has more calories. Remember, you can always refer to the feeding instructions on the food label or consult your veterinarian with any questions. Establishing a routine helps your puppy learn what to expect. Visit our Pet Expertise page for more expert tips on puppy nutrition, training and more. Related articles. The range of amounts is based on the activity of your Golden for the day, either low, moderate, or high level of activity. Golden Retrievers should have scheduled times to eat daily. The scheduled times will help them with their energy levels and keep them healthy. You can schedule their eating times as to what works best for your schedule. For example, feeding them before you leave for work and then when you get home. As a puppy, they will eat three times a day, so you will need to find times in those first few months to feed them more often. When they are an adult or senior, the scheduling of feeding times will be easier because they will only eat twice daily. For a Golden Retriever puppy, the best feeding schedule is once in the morning, noontime, and in the evening. For example, you could feed their first meal at am, lunch at noon, then dinner at pm. Planning their mealtimes around your mealtimes will often make it easier for you and the puppy. Make sure to give them plenty of time after eating to got to the bathroom a couple of times before heading to bed. Hopefully, this will help them sleep for a longer period. After about six months, your Golden Retriever can go down to two daily feedings. This usually occurs once in the morning and once in the evening. They can usually last about 12 hours between meals. If it goes past 12 hours, they could become nauseated. Golden Retrievers can experience food allergies often caused from proteins in dairy or meat products. If your dog experiences symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhea, or itching they may have a food allergy. They warn that feeding dogs any raw animal-source protein could cause illness because it has not gone through a process to remove harmful pathogens. However, a raw diet can be healthy if you are willing to go through the extra cleaning processes of the meat. This is a lot of work and difficult to do correctly and safely. We do not recommend it without expert veterinary help. Before starting a raw diet with your Golden, be sure to consult a veterinarian. Find one that is familiar with raw foods and can help with the proper handling of the foods. If you work hard to make sure your homemade foods are rich in the vitamins and minerals that a dog needs, then it might work for your Golden Retriever. It takes a lot more time to find recipes and make sure it has all the nutritional value of a store-bought dog food. If you are willing to research expertly formulated recipes internet is making it easier to do this , and take the time to cook for your golden then go for it! Consulting your veterinarian is a must before starting any homemade diet. A veterinary nutritionist should also review your plan before starting. Feeding your Golden Retriever table food is not the best practice but a small amount of dog healthy table food is fine. Some example table foods that are healthy for them are carrots, blueberries and plain yogurt. Just be aware that feeding them too much table food can throw their entire diet out of whack. They may not be getting enough vitamins and minerals like they do from their dog food. Conclusion Making sure your Golden Retriever is getting the right foods at the right amounts will help them live their best life. There are many choices of foods with all the right ingredients. Be sure to choose one that works best for you and your Golden. Consult with your veterinarian on which food will bring the most nutritional value to the health of your Golden Retriever. If your Golden is experiencing any health issues related to changing foods, visit your veterinarian. If this article was helpful, please consider sharing this post on Facebook with the button below! She is board certified a specialist in canine reproduction. In her day job, she is a leader in a small biotech where she and a team of veterinarians and scientists work to develop new medications for pets. She enjoys sharing her knowledge of this wonderful breed of dogs. She and her husband have 2 children, 3 dogs and one cat. They love camping and hiking and she can often be found with her head in a good book. Recent Posts. Learn more » Congratulations on your new golden retriever puppy! You now have a beautiful, smart, and loyal dog who will love you for life. To make sure they grow into a healthy and happy companion, you need to feed them the right amount of food. At months old, which is usually when they are ready to leave their mother, a golden retriever puppy should be eating 3 cups of dog food divided into three meals per day. This is based on a typical large-breed puppy food. Different brands will give a feeding guide on their packaging. However, how much and how often to feed your golden retriever will keep changing during this time of rapid growth. Golden Retriever Puppy Feeding Timeline Image Credit: PxHere All puppies are different as are the foods, but some general guidelines for feeding your golden retriever during their first year are: 0—6 weeks: A golden retriever puppy can start eating solid food when they are 3—4 weeks old. Give them a total of 3 cups of dog food per day by their third month, 3 to 4 cups by the time they are 6 months old. The AKC recommends waiting until large breed puppies are at least 12 months old before switching them over to adult dog food and more likely 18 months. The amount will depend on their weight and activity level, but a rough guide is 1—2 cups per meal. Image Credit: Kinek00, Shutterstock Large breed puppies like golden retrievers should eat three to four small meals a day for the first 3—6 months of their lives. Smaller portions spread throughout the day are easier on their tummies and help prevent bloat, a serious condition that can be deadly for dogs. It also helps them maintain their energy level throughout the day. Puppy food has more calories and fat to support their growth, as well as extra vitamins and minerals for their developing immune and nervous systems and bones. The protein source matters, too. Puppies need animal-based proteins like chicken, beef, or lamb for their growing muscles. Choose a Large Breed Formula: Large breed puppies grow quickly, which means they need extra support for their bones and joints. Formulations for large breeds contain the correct calcium and phosphorus ratio for strong bones and glucosamine and chondroitin for healthy joints. They can help you choose the right food for your puppy based on their age, weight, and activity level. But puppies need to be fed on a schedule to prevent them from overeating and becoming overweight. How do you know if your puppy is getting enough to eat? After that, their growth will start to slow down. He Has a Healthy Appetite: A healthy puppy is interested in food and eager to eat. He Has Plenty of Energy: A well-fed puppy is full of energy and ready to play. Make the most of mealtime with these tips: 1. It also helps other aspects of puppy training, such as potty training and crate training. Image Credit: Alena Marchuk, Shutterstock This means leaving food out all day for them to graze on whenever they want. Leave food down for 10 minutes and then pick up what is not eaten. If they have not eaten anything, offer it again in an hour. Slow them down by scattering their kibble around the bowl, using a puzzle feeder or snuffle mat. This will help them learn to eat slowly and enjoy their food more. If your puppy is not drinking enough water for your liking, try adding a bit of broth to their bowl to make it more appealing and help them stay hydrated. Resist the Urge to Sneak Them Table Scraps Puppies are experts at giving those big, soulful eyes that make it hard to say no. But resist the temptation to give them table scraps or human food. Aside from teaching them bad manners, it can also lead to health problems, like obesity. A lot of human foods are not safe or healthy for dogs. For instance, garlic and onions are toxic to dogs. Oily food can upset their stomach, and carbs add a lot of calories. This helps them learn that mealtime is a specific time and place and not something that happens all over the house. Let Your Puppy Eat in Peace. This includes other pets in the house and small children who might want to bother them or try to steal their food. Otherwise, meals can become a stressful experience for your puppy instead of a happy one. Conclusion Feeding your golden retriever puppy the right amount of quality dog food will establish a strong foundation for their health and happiness. In addition, make mealtimes more meaningful by turning them into lessons and bonding moments between you and your dog. The puppy phase is over before you know it, so enjoy it while it lasts! Read the full disclosure here. Being a large and energetic dog, your golden retriever has a ravenous appetite and can eat a lot. However, overfeeding is never good and could be avoided with the help of a golden retriever feeding chart. Knowing how much to feed your golden retriever is always tricky but essential for their well-being and health. Goldens are prone to obesity and joint problems, which can only be exacerbated with an inadequate feeding plan. So, stay with me to find the right feeding plan and meal schedule for your goldie. Most first-time owners think their puppies should be chubby. In truth, golden retriever puppies are supposed to look lanky and act like they are always hungry when fed the correct amount of food. To encourage proper growth and development without making your pup obese, you will have to know how much to feed a golden retriever puppy. For example, cheaper foods use fillers and have a smaller amount of calories, thus you will have to feed more than you would when using premium large breed puppy foods. We may earn money or products from the companies mentioned in this post. We all want our golden retriever puppies to be healthy and happy. We envision them running through a verdant field chasing a ball. Full of energy with the beautiful, lustrous golden coat. But, just like us, eating the proper food in the proper amounts will help your golden properly grow and thrive. After all, what we eat impacts how healthy we are. How much you should feed your golden retriever puppy will vary depending on the quality of food you feed, his age, his weight, his general health, and his activity level. Your golden will be growing for up to two years. And the amount of food during that time will have to be adjusted depending on his needs. Because most people feed kibble to their pup, this article will focus on that. Kibble is convenient and cost effective. Instead, they should be lanky and full of energy. They should love to eat their food with gusto. Instead, you should be able to feel his ribs when you pet him there. There should just be a thin coating of fat under his skin. And he should have a defined waistline. Of course you should check with your veterinarian to make such adjustments. And remember a young puppy should get only so much exercise a day. Their joints and bones are developing and can be damaged if the exercise is too extreme. Assuming you have an eight-week-old puppy, he should receive three to four meals a day. From eight weeks old until about five or six months old, three meals per day are advisable. Of course, feed at the same intervals every day and split the total amount per day in half to be given at each feeding. After about six months of age through adulthood, two feedings per day are the norm. Always check with your vet regarding how much and how often to feed. These are just guidelines. Feed him at the same distraction-free location so that he focuses on eating. As much as goldens love to eat, a young golden puppy is also very easily distracted. This can lead to possible health problems, including joint and bone problems. Goldens can easily become overweight. Free feeding can also lead to a picky eater. Some puppies figure out that if their buffets are always there, and they can just go graze at will. Most foods you purchase will have guidelines on their bag or box. When you first get your puppy, feed him the same food that the breeder or rescue fed him for a few weeks. Then, if you want to change his food, do so over at least 10 days. Add more of the new food and subtract more of the old food each day. After about five days, you should be giving him approximately 50 percent of the new food and 50 percent of the old food. Switching food over such a period of time will help prevent stomach upsets and diarrhea. Overfeeding will result not only in him becoming overweight but it will also make him grow too fast. Periodically—even weekly— test whether you can still feel his ribs without them protruding. You can then increase the amount he eats. You should also feed his last meal of the day at least 90 minutes before his bed time so that he can digest his food and potty before bed. A well-balanced, high-quality food should provide all the nutrients he requires. Golden puppies require a formula made for large-breed dogs. Puppy formulas for large-breed dogs regulate their growth. Eating too quickly can lead to digestive upsets and even bloat, which can be deadly. I rescued my golden retriever Riley when he was about six months old. To say that he ate as if it were his last meal would be an understatement. He had a voracious appetite. I bought one of the maze bowls to slow him down. The kibble is placed between each section of the bowl, and he had to forage for his food. It worked! He ate at a more normal pace. Of course, dogs should be given free access to fresh water. Other Feeding Options Although I concentrated in this article on feeding kibble to your new puppy, there are other options. There are some drawbacks to them because they may not be nutritionally complete, may be cost prohibitive, or may be too time-consuming to make. Wet Food Canned food alone or mixed with kibble is an option. But wet food alone is very expensive. He may become a picky eater. Feeding raw is controversial. Dehydrated raw foods reduce some of the risks. The ratio of calcium to phosphorous is crucial to puppy development. Homemade Diet Cooking for your best friend can be very appealing. And many people do. You know what ingredients and their quality are. But it has its drawbacks. Of course, the amount you feed is important for his growth rate and general health and well-being. But there is no one-size-fits-all in determining how much to feed a golden retriever puppy. Any amounts you see are just guidelines. Adjust them as necessary regarding your own special puppy. Do you have a golden retriever puppy? How did you determine what and how much to feed him? Please leave your comments in the section below. Helps ease anxiety in their new home. We love using Bully Sticks to help divert these unwanted behaviors. Check out more of our favorites on our New Puppy Checklist. Debbie has been training dogs for over 24 years and has nationally ranked obedience and rally dogs, agility dogs, trick dogs, and therapy dogs. Post navigation. They are famously loving and playful family pets, always eager to jump in the pool or snuggle up with you on the lounge. They are patient and energetic dogs who are easy to train, making them excellent service animals as well as loyal companions. If you are bringing a Goldie into your family, you might also be aware of their reputation as food lovers. Your Goldie might want to eat anything and everything you put in their bowl — and maybe even anything left on an unattended plate. In this Golden Retriever feeding guide, Hypro Premium will take you through everything you need to know when it comes to food options for your pup. The best food for most young puppies is milk. If you are weaning a puppy, you can start to mix in a little dry kibble with their puppy milk to create a paste. You can feed this mix to your puppy up to four times a day, slowly reducing the amount of milk you mix in. Over time, your Goldie puppy will get more comfortable with solid foods, until you no longer need to include any milk in their diet. While chubby little puppies are cute, your Goldie should not build up too much excess fat once you start feeding them solids. Goldies go from a small 4kg puppy at 7 weeks old to an almost 30 kg adult dog in the space of only 10 months. At six months old your puppy will still be growing, but more slowly as they reach most of their body development milestones. This is why appropriate feeding in the first year of their life is vital to the overall health of your Goldie for years to come. Over time this can increase to up to 4 cups a day at 10 months old, though females should usually only need 3 cups a day. The amount you feed your puppy is often dependent on their size and sex. While they may have some growing left to do, it depends on your dog. Some Goldies will continue to experience growth spurts before their second birthday, while others will stay the same size. Large breeds can be at risk of growing too fast, which can make them more vulnerable to skeletal and weight problems when they get older. Golden retrievers are especially prone to hip and elbow dysplasia, which can be avoided through diet control. You should feed your Goldie between 3 — 4 cups of food per day over two meals. Adult dogs and puppies have different nutritional needs. This is important to take into consideration as you are establishing a feeding schedule for a Golden Retriever puppy. Puppies require more calories to support their rapid growth than adult dogs, but they also have much smaller stomachs, which means they get fuller faster. Because of this, puppies can easily overeat, especially Golden Retrievers. You can help your puppy avoid overeating by allowing them a short amount of time to eat, and then removing their bowl. All puppies grow a lot during their first year, but large breed puppies are more likely to suffer from negative health consequences as a result. In order to provide your Golden Retriever puppy with the most appropriate food to support their rapid growth, consider choosing a large breed puppy food. Goldie puppies need lots of protein, fibre, and fatty acids to support the development of their bodies and provide them with energy. These foods also take into account the difference in nutrient digestion between small and large breeds. Too much of these nutrients can cause your large breed puppy to develop skeletal abnormalities. So how much do you feed a Golden Retriever? Your adult Goldie could need anywhere between and 1, calories per day. The amount of food you feed your dog will be determined by a few important factors. The first thing to consider is the sex of your dog. On average, your male Golden Retriever will need slightly more food than a female dog. Senior dogs will usually be less active and so will need less food. Goldies in particular can have a lot of variation in the amount of food they need on a daily basis. No matter how much you feed your dog, it is ideal that you feed your adult Golden Retriever two meals a day at evenly spaced time intervals. Feeding your dog twice, once in the morning and again in the evening, can be useful for establishing a routine and avoiding overfeeding. This routine can also include exercise, and is useful for encouraging healthy behaviour around food and toilet training. Special Considerations Your Golden Retriever could be predisposed to several health conditions that are important to consider when you make decisions about their diet. Firstly, Golden Retrievers are known for their beautiful coats, but their skin can often become infected. Goldies love swimming, but this can cause problems if water irritates their skin. They can also be susceptible to atopic dermatitis, which causes extreme itchiness, resulting in licking and biting behaviours in dogs that can cause even more damage. For dogs prone to skin and coat issues, a fish-based diet can help alleviate symptoms. Fish contains plenty of fatty acids, which support coat and skin health, and rarely triggers any allergic reaction in dogs. Goldies often benefit from healthy grains in their diet, especially as avoiding them can actually leave your dog more vulnerable to nutritional dilated cardiomyopathy, or nutritional DCM. This heart disease is common in Golden Retrievers, and can be triggered by consuming too much grain-free pet food that contains legumes like lentils and peas. You should consider feeding your Golden Retriever foods that are full of grains and proteins like chicken or fish. These are the benefits and drawbacks of the three most popular options — wet food, a raw food diet, and dry food. Wet food can be a great option for dogs that need plenty of protein and fat, like working dogs or dogs with certain health conditions. It also hydrates your dog while they eat, which can be useful for dogs suffering from any illness. For dogs with highly restrictive diets, raw food prepared by you can be a great way to avoid allergens. You can have complete control over a raw diet, which does require a lot more work on your part, but can have great results. For instance, a Golden Retriever with heart issues should eat a low salt diet, which can be easier to achieve if you are preparing their meals from scratch. However, low quality kibbles tend to be made up of a lot of low quality fillers, which can be hard for your pup to digest. Whatever option you choose for your Goldie, make sure it is suitable for large breeds and contains high quality ingredients. This will help prevent degenerative health disorders in the long run. Your Golden Retriever will probably love food, and will probably try to eat anything you put in front of them, which means you need to help them avoid the negative consequences of overeating. Golden retrievers, like other large and active breeds, need plenty of exercise. Not only is this vital to their physical health, but it also ensures they grow up well socialised and mentally stimulated. As your Goldie grows from a puppy to an adult dog, the amount of meals they need a day will reduce as their digestive systems become more developed. Your dog will need two meals a day, once in the evening and once in the morning, from the age of 6 months.

Labrador Retriever Gun Dog Group The goals and purposes of this breed standard include: to furnish guidelines for breeders who wish to maintain the quality of their breed and to improve it; to advance this breed to a state of similarity throughout the world; and to act as a guide for judges. Breeders and judges have the responsibility to avoid any conditions or exaggerations that are detrimental to the health, welfare, essence and soundness of this breed, and must take the responsibility to see that these are not perpetuated. History The ancestor of the Labrador Retriever was the St. These dogs were brought to England, probably on fishing boats. Originally black in color, the first recorded yellow Labrador appeared in a litter born in .Chocolates were also recorded at about the same time, but never achieved the same level of popularity as the blacks and yellows. Originally bred to retrieve from water, the modern Labrador Retriever has proven to be one of the most versatile breeds, excelling in hunt tests and field trials, in obedience and agility events, and also as service dogs. General Appearance The Labrador Retriever is a medium-sized, short-coupled, powerfully-built dog with a short, dense, water-resistant coat; small, drop ears; and a short, thick otter-like tail carried level with the back or with a slight upward curve. The length of body is equal to or only slightly longer than the height at the withers, and the distance from the elbows to the ground is equal to one-half the height at the withers. Balance, outline, intelligence, temperament and movement are of overriding importance. The Labrador Retriever is a breed of moderation, thoroughly sound, and willing and able to do its work. The Labrador Retriever is a dog without exaggeration, so light, weedy dogs; long, low-stationed dogs; and cloddy, lumbering dogs are to be equally penalized. Working dogs are not to be penalized under any conditions for scars or blemishes that are due to hunting injuries. Disqualifications: Unilateral or bilateral cryptorchid. Characteristics The Labrador Retriever is an enthusiastic hunter with a good nose and a soft mouth. They excel in all performance activities. Another essential characteristic of the Labrador Retriever is the short, dense, double coat that protects the dog when retrieving from water. Labrador Retrievers are noted for their excellent temperaments. This breed is friendly, outgoing and eager to please. They are extremely intelligent and easily trained to perform a variety of complex tasks. Serious Fault: Any evidence of shyness in a mature dog. Disqualification: Viciousness or extreme shyness. Aggressiveness toward humans or other dogs. Head The head is proportionate to the size of the dog, clean-cut, and without exaggeration of any sort. When viewed from the side, the skull and muzzle are approximately equal in length, and joined by a moderate stop that is defined, in part, by the moderately well-defined supraorbital arches over the eyes. Faults: Wedge-shaped head; long, narrow head; massive, cheeky head. There may be a slight median furrow between the eyes at the forehead, and the occipital bone is not conspicuous. Cheeks are clean. The bridge of the muzzle is straight and on a parallel plane with the top line of the skull. Viewed from the top or the side, the muzzle is slightly deeper and wider at the stop than at the tip. Lips fall away in a curve toward the throat, and are neither pendulous nor squared off. Removal of whiskers is permitted but not preferred. Faults: Snipey muzzle; muzzle too long and narrow or too short and stubby. Level bite is acceptable, but not preferred. Faults: Missing premolars. Serious Faults: Undershot or overshot bite, misaligned teeth, missing molars. NOSE The nose leather is black on black and yellow dogs, and liver on chocolate dogs. A slight fading of nose pigment is not a fault. Nostrils must be large and open. Disqualification: Nose completely unpigmented. EYES The eyes are medium sized and somewhat triangular in appearance, but never so much as to give a hard expression. Eye color is brown in black and yellow dogs, and brown or hazel in chocolates. Eyelids are close fitting, and eye rims match nose pigment. Expression is kindly and intelligent. Faults: Yellow eyes; eyes too dark; eyes too small or too round and prominent; eyes set too close together; eyes protruding or too deep set; any feature that detracts from the correct Labrador expression. Disqualification: Absence of pigmentation in eye rims. EARS The ears are drop, triangular in shape, and rather short, with the front edges attached well behind and just above the eyes. When pulled forward, the tip of the ear should just cover the eye. The ear leather is pliable. When alert, the ears are drawn up and forward, with the inner edges of the ears close to the cheeks. Faults: Large ears; heavy ear leather. Neck The neck is of sufficient length to allow the dog to carry retrieved game with ease, and powerful, but not throaty. The neck is clean and blends smoothly into well laid back shoulders. Faults: Neck too short and thick; ewe neck. Forequarters Shoulders are smoothly muscled. The shoulder blades are long and well laid back with the upper tips fairly close together at the withers. The upper arm appears to be equal in length to the shoulder blade and joins it at an apparent right angle. The elbows are close to the body and set directly under the withers. The forelegs are straight, strong and sturdy in bone, with strong, short, slightly sloping pasterns. Faults: Too much or too little bone. Serious Fault: Legs too short and heavy boned. Whether the dog is standing or moving, the line of the back is strong and level from the withers to the slightly sloping croup. The loin is short, muscular and deep, with little or no tuck-up in a mature dog. The ribs extend well back and are well sprung out from the spine, forming a broad, strong back, then curving down and inward to form a deep body. The brisket extends to the elbow. Viewed from the front, the chest between the forelegs is well filled and of moderate width to allow for efficient movement and stamina. Viewed from the side, the forechest is well developed but not exaggerated. Faults: Slab sided or barrel ribbed; chest too narrow or too wide. Hindquarters The hindquarters are broad and muscular. In profile, the croup slopes slightly. The angulation of the hindquarters is in balance with the angulation of the forequarters. The stifles are well bent, and the hocks are well let down. When the dog is standing, the rear toes are just slightly behind the point of buttocks. Viewed from the side, the short, strong rear pasterns are perpendicular to the ground and, viewed from the rear, parallel to one another. Faults: Cow hocks; spread hocks; sickle hocks; over-angulation causing a sloping topline. Feet Good feet are essential for a working retriever. The feet are of medium size, round and compact with well-arched toes and thick, elastic pads. Dewclaws may be removed, but is not mandatory. Faults: Splayed feet; hare feet; knuckling over; feet turning in or out. Tail The tail is a distinctive feature of the breed. It is a natural extension of the topline, very thick and muscular at the base and tapering to the tip. A tail of the correct length extends no longer than the hock. The tail is covered with the same thick, dense coat as the body, but never feathered. When the dog is relaxed, the tail hangs down naturally. When the dog is moving or alert, the tail may be carried level with the back or only slightly above level. The tail should never curl over the back or be carried between the legs. Dogs with docked or altered tails resulting from working injuries are not to be penalized. Serious faults: Tail extremely short or thin. Coat The Labrador Retriever has a short, dense, water-repellent double coat. The outer coat lies close to the body and is straight, although a slight wave down the back is permissible. The coat texture is firm and resilient, neither coarse nor silky. Undercoat is soft and dense. Serious faults: Woolly coat; soft, silky coat; sparse coat; absence of undercoat. Color Color may be solid black, any solid shade of yellow from red to pale cream, or any solid shade of chocolate. Yellow dogs may have variations in shading on the ears, back and underside of the dog. A small white spot on the chest is permissible but not preferred. White hairs from aging or scarring should not be penalized. Disqualifications: Any color or combination of colors other than described above; albinism. A correctly built Labrador Retriever male in working condition should weigh between 65 and 80 pounds and a female should weigh between 55 and 70 pounds. Fault: One-half inch or greater over or under the standard height at maturity. Gait When trotting, the gait is effortless, smooth, powerful and well coordinated, showing good but not exaggerated reach in front and drive behind. The topline remains level with only a slight flexing to indicate suppleness. Viewed from any position, legs turn neither in nor out, nor do feet cross or interfere with each other. As speed increases, feet tend to converge toward center line of balance. It is recommended that dogs be shown on a loose lead and moved at a moderate speed to reflect true gait. Disqualifications A dog with a Disqualification must not be considered for placement in a conformation event, and must be reported to UKC. Unilateral or bilateral cryptorchid. Nose completely unpigmented. Absence of pigmentation in eye rims. It began in with my first Labrador and faithful companion. I soon learned that the Labrador is the ultimate man's best friend and the most versatile canine imaginable. I manage a small hobby kennel near Portland, Oregon. I breed English-style Labradors to the AKC standard with proper structure and temperament that can do it "all". Beautiful dogs that have a natural drive to retrieve, all the while being enjoyable companions. Thirteen years ago my friend Molly Scoggin and I decided to join kennels and become one under the prefix of Devonshire. I'm grateful to have such a good friend and great companion to share this hobby with. Some of the dogs on this site reside with Molly in Sisters, Oregon and some reside with me. We believe the hallmark of the breed is its temperament and versatility and are dedicated to preserving these wonderful Labrador traits for future generations to love. Enjoy your visit to Devonshire Labradors on the web! It began in with my first Labrador and faithful companion, leading to a passion for the breed. I breed English Labradors to the AKC standard with proper structure and temperament that can do it "all". I'm grateful to have such a trusted friend and great companion to share this hobby with. We strive to go above and beyond on health issues, temperament, and genetic screening for our breeding dogs, as well as for the individual care and placement of puppies in responsible homes. Meet our dogs—handsome stud dogs and beautiful b rood bitches— that are the foundation of our breeding program. Our puppies have grown to be wonderful family companions and successful show dogs, guide dogs, diabetic alert dogs, therapy dogs, Canine Companions for Independence dogs, and hunting dogs. We are proud of our home-bred dogs and how they have enriched people's lives. Find out more about our breeding program, and whether we have any upcoming litters planned or available puppies and older dogs. It will be at Ghoststone Farms, Aurora, Oregon. This fun match offers a great opportunity to socialize your dog and practice as a team in conformation, obedience, and rally. Note: Club meetings are tentatively scheduled for the third Friday of each month. For more details, contact Udo Stark. Bring your dog out for a fun afternoon, Saturday, May 6. It's now FULL! Appointments will be confirmed two weeks prior. Before judging starts, the club offers practice and an equipment lesson to those interested. Paul, Oregon. Labradors only come in three colors! The purpose is to educate buyers that recognized coat colors for purebred Labrador Retrievers are only black, yellow, and chocolate. Buyers are led to believe that dogs with silver or dilute coat color are desirable, purebred, and rare, and justify a premium purchase price. Let's help get the message out that these dogs are not! Genetics Committee. Thanks to all those who participated and made for a memorable show! Congratulations to every wonderful achiever in Rally, Obedience, and Conformation! Dog domestic dog The Labrador Retriever, or simply Labrador, is a British breed of retriever gun dog. It was developed in the United Kingdom from fishing dogs imported from the colony of Newfoundland now a province of Canada , and was named after the Labrador region of that colony. It is among the most commonly kept dogs in several countries, particularly in the European world. The Labrador is friendly, energetic, and playful. It may also be trained as a guide or assistance dog , or for rescue or therapy work. Another early advocate of these Newfoundland fishing dogs was the 2nd Earl of Malmesbury , who bred them for their expertise in waterfowling. The dogs Buccleuch Avon and Buccleuch Ned, given by Malmesbury to Buccleuch, were mated with bitches carrying blood from those originally imported by the 5th Duke and the 10th Earl of Home. The offspring are the ancestors of all modern Labradors. John's water dogs bred by European settlers in Newfoundland were first introduced to Britain from ships trading between Canada and Poole in Dorset. These were then bred with British hunting dogs to create what became known as the Labrador Retriever. Early writers have confused the Labrador with the much larger Newfoundland and the Lesser Newfoundland , with Charles St. John even referring to the Lesser Newfoundland as the Newfoundland. Colonel Peter Hawker describes the first Labrador as being not larger than an English Pointer , more often black than other colours, long in its head and nose with a deep chest, fine legs, and short and smooth coat, and did not carry its tail as highly as the Newfoundland. John's breed of these dogs [6] [7] in the fifth edition of his book Introductions to Young Sportsman, published in .Black Chocolate There is a great deal of variety among Labradors. The following characteristics are typical of the conformation show bred bench-bred lines of this breed in the United States and are based on the American Kennel Club standard. Size: Labradors are a medium-large breed. They should be as long from the withers to the base of the tail as they are from the floor to the withers. The AKC standard includes an ideal weight for dogs of 25—36 kg 55—80 lb and for bitches as 25—32 kg 55—70 lb. The coat is water-resistant, so the dog does not get cold when taking to the water in the winter. That means that the dog naturally has a slightly dry, oily coat. Acceptable colours are black, yellow, and chocolate. The eyes should be kind and expressive. Appropriate eye colours are brown and hazel. The lining around the eyes should be black. The ears should hang close to the head and be set slightly above the eyes. Jaws: The jaws should be strong and powerful. The muzzle should be of medium length and should not be too tapered. The jaws should hang slightly and curve gracefully back. Body: The body should have a powerful and muscular build. The tail and coat are designated "distinctive [or distinguishing] features" of the Labrador by both the Kennel Club and AKC. If a dog carried wild type alleles at all three loci, the dog will have a yellow coat. If a dog has a loss-of-function mutation at MC1R, it will also have a yellow coat, regardless of their genotype at the other two loci. Within the breed, this trait is not visible. Show and field lines[ edit ] Head and muzzle appearance: field left , and show right , showing the shorter muzzle length, more solid appearance head, and "pronounced" stop of the latter As a result of specialised breeding, there are significant differences between field and trial-bred and show-bred lines of Labradors. In the United States, the former are sometimes mistakenly referred to as "American" and the latter as "English", in fact, both field and show types are bred in both countries and all Labrador Retrievers are descended from British lines. In this experiment, German Shepherds had the highest chance of not completing it. However, German Shepherds and Golden Retrievers had a higher success rate after going through longer training than the training required for Labrador Retrievers. For retrieving the Labrador Retriever has a soft mouth , a trait that allows it to carry game and waterfowl without damaging it. It continues in that role today, along with the Leonberger , Newfoundland and Golden Retriever dogs; they are used at the Italian School of Canine Lifeguard. During the Vietnam War they were used as scout dogs to track down dead or wounded soldiers or enemy positions. Notable issues related to health and well-being include inherited disorders and obesity most are missing all or parts of the appetite-regulating POMC gene. As of , it was widely considered the most popular breed in the world. Females: pounds. Height Males: inches. Females: inches. The St. The coats ranged from the smooth coat seen on Labs today to the longer, thicker coats seen on modern-day Newfies and Flat-Coated Retrievers. Many of the St. Records going as far back as describe medium-sized, smooth-coated St. They were known to be well-trained, good-natured, and even-tempered dogs that accompanied their owners in their dories. These dogs were believed to be descendants of Irish, English, French, and Portuguese working dogs brought to the area by immigrants, fishermen, and other wayfarers. Given the task of swimming out fishing nets and retrieving birds for their hunting and fishing owners, they were renowned for their resiliency, intelligence, power, endurance, and trainability. They were known interchangeably as St. This landrace peaked in the 17th century, after which their numbers dwindled. Many people favored the shorter-coated dogs, as the coat would retain less ice when the dogs emerged from the frigid water. During the 19th century, the second Earl of Malmesbury brought these dogs from Newfoundland to England. There, these dogs impressed the English with their retrieving ability and intelligence. Having noticed the St. Johns water dogs hunting and swimming ability and their good disposition, English sportsmen began using retrievers to replace pointers and setters. Those imported from Newfoundland were considered the superior retriever type. Their descendants were almost always called Labradors. By the end of the 19th century, the St. Then, to prevent the spread of nonnative diseases such as rabies, the Quarantine Act of prohibited unlicensed dogs from being imported into Britain and required a six-month quarantine. English Lab aficionados had no choice but to use the stock that they had from that point on. Labrador Retrievers first appeared in British kennel clubs during the latter part of the 19th century. Retriever categories included the Smooth, Flat, and Curly varieties. Retrievers were eligible to compete with the variety they most resembled. By , the Labrador had been established as a separate breeding strain and was granted a separate registration status. The first recorded yellow Labrador appeared in a litter in .It is suspected that yellow Labradors resulted from interbreeding with dogs in the hound group, but since yellows existed when Labradors became recognized purebred dogs, the British Kennel Club recognized them. There is older documentation of liver chocolate St. Today, Labrador Retrievers are an iconic, all-around family and working dog. Their good nature, even temperament, and eagerness to learn make them ideal companions for almost any task. They are everyday heroes to many people as they perform therapy work or greet their best friends at the door after a hard day of work. They are equally at home in a duck blind, riding in a farm truck, playing with children, or visiting patients in an elderly care facility or the pediatric unit of a hospital. The eyes of the Labrador Retriever have also become a dependable alternative to those without sight. Utilization as service dogs, companion dogs, and guide dogs has become commonplace for Labrador Retrievers. From its early beginning as a lesser Newfoundland or a lesser St. Breed Characteristics Head: Mesaticephalic skull-type, moderate in size and in proportion to the rest of the body. The skull is broad across the top measured in front of the ears and as wide as long from the stop to the occiput. Somewhat chiseled, the bony supraorbital ridges below the eye are perceptible. A median furrow may be present. The occiput may not be conspicuous in adults. The cheeks and temporalis are smoothly muscled to denote strength and give the head depth and breadth but should never appear protrusive or bulky. The head should never appear narrow, long, or wedge-shaped. The head is clean-cut and without excess skin or wrinkles. Eyes: The eyes are medium in size and may be open-almond, diamond, or lemon-shaped. There should be sufficient bone in the surrounding orbital sockets to protect the eyes. The eyes should be medium to dark brown in black dogs, some yellow dogs, and hazel to amber in liver dogs and some yellow dogs. Eye rims are tight fitting, never loose or exposing haw, and are self-colored according to the coat. Eye rims lacking color pigment and hair are not preferred. Any signs of entropion or ectropion are incorrect for this breed. Ears: The ears are medium in size, drop, and broad at the base, with the inner edge and tips hanging close to the head. They are set far back on the skull, and when alert, the front edges align with the topline of the skull. When in repose, they are slightly above eye level. When pulled forward, the tips of the ears should extend to the inside corner of the eye. They are never large and hound-like, nor short and fly away. Muzzle: The muzzle is strongly developed, full, deep, and broad from base to end. Upper and lower jaws have good bone substance and are approximately equal in length. It is well-developed, never appearing snipy, narrow, tapered, or wedge-shaped. Nose: The nose is well-pigmented, black, or self-colored according to the coat. The nostrils are well-opened. Neck: Moderate length to allow for proud head carriage and strongly muscled with a slight arch. The ideal neck length, from the base of the head to the withers, is equal to the length of the head from the nose to the occiput. The neck tapers smoothly from the deeper and broader body toward the head. The neck is clean-cut and without excess skin, throatiness, or dewlap. Chest: Deep and broad, but never wider than deep. The brisket extends to the point of the elbows. Body: The body is well-knitted and short-coupled. A true athlete capable of running and swimming long distances, they should never appear obese, heavy, cumbersome, or bulky. Instead, the body is compact, solid, and of good substance, never racy or weedy. The width at the forequarters is approximately equal to the width at the hindquarters. Feet: Oval to round, compact, with well-arched toes and tough pads. The toes are well-padded for swimming. Tail: The tail is a distinct feature of the Labrador Retriever breed. Set neither high nor low on the croup but as a natural extension of the topline. It is moderately thick from the base and throughout, tapering bluntly at the tip. However, it should never be tucked. The tail is of a medium length, with the tip of the last vertebrae extending to the hock joints when held down. It is neither feathered nor brushed. It is thickly furred throughout with dense short fur, giving it a rounded and broad appearance, roughly resembling the paddle tail of the otter. There should be no indication of rolling. The characteristics of a healthy structure are evident. When moving away, the forelegs and rear pasterns should remain parallel to one another. When viewing movement from the front, the forelegs should remain parallel, with elbows and paws moving neither in nor out. From the rear, the back pads should be visible when the rear legs are extended. As speed increases, the forelimbs and hindlimbs will converge to the centerline of gravity. From the side, the topline should remain firm and level. Good reach of movement in the front allows the forepaw to extend out in line with the nose. When extended, the width between the forefeet should be approximately equal to the width between the hindfeet when extended, indicating balance, good reach, and good drive. Dogs that exhibit any sign of breathing or locomotive difficulty shall be disqualified from the show ring. Temperament: The Labrador Retriever is well-known for their outgoing nature, even temper, friendly demeanor, family loyalty, and exceptional trainability. This breed has a strong will to please and an even stronger will to be next to their human. Never shy or fearful, a proper Labrador Retriever is gentle and accepting of people and dogs, and therefore, aggression toward either is not appropriate for this breed. Any unprovoked aggressive or fearful behavior toward people is especially incorrect for this breed. The ideal body height-to-length ratio is between and .Females may be slightly longer. The length from the point of the shoulder to the point of the rump is equal to or just greater than the distance from the withers to the ground. This dog should be kept, worked, and shown in hard-working condition, with the ribs being felt but not seen. Dogs whose ribs cannot be felt through the fat shall be penalized. The body is cobby, and well put together, with sturdy substance and medium bone. Males should appear masculine, being more substantial in size and mass, while females should appear more feminine and slightly less substantial. Neither should lack overall type. The weight of a male or female is always in proportion to height. Head General Appearance: Mesaticephalic skull-type, moderate in size and in proportion to the rest of the body. Expression: Intelligent, keen, friendly, active, and attentive. Stop: The stop is definite and sloping, or it may form an almost degree angle between the topskull and muzzle. The brow is well-defined. Skull: The ideal muzzle-to-skull ratio is , with the topskull equaling the muzzle. The ideal muzzle-to-skull axis is parallel. Lips or Flews: The lips fit rather tightly and cover the teeth and jaws. They are never pendulous or extend below the plane of the lower jaw. Cheeks: The cheeks are smoothly muscled to denote strength and power and give the face breadth. The cheeks are never coarse or chiseled. Dentition and Bite: Forty-two strong, clean, and white teeth. The bite may be level, scissor, or reverse-scissor. Contact must be made between the top and bottom incisors. Missing or broken teeth due to routine work are not to be penalized. Body and Tail General Description: The body is well-knitted and short-coupled. Topline: Straight and level from withers to croup. The back is broad, strongly muscled, and straight, yet supple. The loin is taut and may be flat, level, or slightly arched, yet it is supportive. The back is never long, swayed, or roached. Croup: Flat and level with the back or gently sloped. Underline: A slight tuck-up is present, or the underline may run parallel to the topline. The underline is taut and firm, without any indication of sagging or excess weight. Ribs: Long, well-sprung, well-laid-back, and oval-shaped, never barrel-chested or slab-sided. Shoulder blades are approximately equal in length to the upper arm and forearm. Elbows: The elbows are close to the body. Forelegs: Frontal View: Straight, of good muscle, of moderate bone, and parallel to one another. Side View: The forelimbs appear straight with strong pasterns. Pasterns: Never weak or broken. Hindquarters: The upper and lower thighs are equal in length, strong, sturdy, of moderate bone, and well-muscled. Rear View: When viewed from the rear, the rear pasterns are parallel to one another. Side View: Good angulation will allow the rear toes to align with the point of the rump or within one to two paw-lengths behind the point of the rump, with the rear pasterns remaining perpendicular to the ground and parallel to one another. Stifle Joint: Well-angulated with a good bend to well-let-down rear pasterns. Angulations: The angulation of the hindquarters is always in balance with the angulation of the forequarters. Coat Skin: Well-fitted, yet supple. The skin should never obstruct the outline of the dog. Coat Type: Consist of a dense, short, straight, close water repellant outer coat. The undercoat is dense and soft. A slight wave down the back is permissible. The texture is resilient and firm. Never woolly, coarse, silky, or feathering. Standard coat color variety: Solid colors of liver, black, and yellow. The liver includes chocolate, milk chocolate, and dark chocolate. Black is always jet black. A few white hairs on the chest and tips of the toes are permissible. Nonstandard coat color variety: Solid colors of Isabella, grey, silver, and mosaic. Although it is rare, tan or brindle points are also observed in the non-recessive red Labrador Retriever variety. Temperament The Labrador Retriever is well-known for their outgoing nature, even temper, friendly demeanor, family loyalty, and exceptional trainability. Faults All dogs should be in proper healthy condition, free from disease or defect. Any departure from this description is considered a fault. Unless altered, all male dogs should have two fully descended testicles. Jessup v. American Kennel Club, Inc. United States District Court, S. New York. September 12, .Dale Christensen, Jr. Donald B. The Revised Standard is alleged, among other things, to adversely affect owners, breeders and sellers of dogs and bitches that deviate from the standard's height requirement. Not-For-Profit Corp. The Court has considered the substantial written submissions of the parties including numerous affidavits and declarations and the arguments of counsel at a hearing held on August 16, the "Hearing". For the reasons set forth below, Plaintiffs' request for preliminary injunctive relief is denied. Furthermore, Plaintiffs maintain that since numerous of their dogs and bitches no longer conform to AKC's standard, they can no longer effectively participate in AKC-sponsored dog shows or conformation events. Plaintiffs further maintain that the ability to conform to AKC's standards and to compete in conformation events is essential to the breeding and sale of Championship Stock Labrador Retrievers. Certain Plaintiffs, though not all, are members of the LRC. Plaintiffs bring this action individually and as class representatives; however, to date Plaintiffs have not moved for class certification. See Fed. Pursuant to its charter, constitution and by-laws, the AKC approves the breed standards adopted by its member specialty clubs such as the LRC. AKC's Constitution provides that "[t]he standard of excellence of all breeds.In its role as the Parent Club for the Labrador Retriever breed, it has, from time to time, adopted and submitted recommendations to the AKC relating to the Labrador Retriever breed standard. LRC's constitution provides that amendments to its breed standards must be approved by its members, and that such amendments only become effective after their approval by the Board of Directors of the AKC. Plaintiffs further allege that, as a result of the foregoing, the demand for "Championship Stock Labrador Retrievers is sufficiently great to cause prices for such dogs to exceed, by several times, the prices for non-Championship Stock Labrador Retrievers". Show Dogs, according to Plaintiffs, are comprised of two types of dogs a "Original" Labrador Retrievers those owned, bred and sold by Plaintiffs , bred from blood lines established in England, and b "American" Labrador Retrievers those owned, bred and sold by Plaintiffs' competitors , a narrower and taller version of the Labrador Retriever developed more recently in the United States. Plaintiffs allege that more "Original" dogs are subject to disqualification under the Revised Standard than "American" Labrador Retrievers. According to Defendants, the Labrador Retriever is currently the most popular breed of dog in the United States. A height standard has been in place for Labrador Retrievers since .The standard is, as it has been for almost five decades, that adult male Labrador Retriever dogs are to be .Moreover, Plaintiffs argue that the previous standards were not enforced. The LRC concedes that "Labrador Retrievers of varying heights including those below and above the designated height standards have competed and won prizes in AKC-sanctioned confirmation events" prior to the effective date of the Revised Standard. The Revised Standard was implemented effective March 31, .Defendants contend that two valid votes of LRC's members were conducted by a private accounting firm and that those votes were in full compliance with LRC's and AKC's rules and regulations. Plaintiffs, however, allege certain improprieties in the conduct of the votes and further that LRC's membership was not informed of the implications of the Revised Standard's height range prior to the vote. According to LRC "[t]he principal reason that this disqualification was added in the revised standard was a concern that had increased over a period of years that certain breeders and judges had increasingly disregarded the height ranges set forth in the breed standard with the consequence that championships were being awarded to Labradors that did not meet the long specified height ranges. Defendants further argue that height standards for dogs are not exceptional. Plaintiffs do not challenge that "nearly AKC breeds contain recommended height standards. All 24 breeds of sporting dogs have a recommended height; 6 breeds among the sporting breeds have a height disqualification.AKC characterizes the effects of the Revised Standard as follows: All dogs previously registered as Labrador Retrievers with the AKC are still registered, and will continue to be entitled to compete in dog shows. Dogs that already are champions will continue to be entitled to call themselves champions. The standard is solely used to judge Labrador Retrievers seeking to win championships based on their conformity to the breed standard at dog shows. Any dog that is "disqualified" at a show will still be registered as a purebred dog and entitled to be used as a breeding dog whose offspring could be registered as pure-bred Labrador Retrievers. Indeed, only after three disqualifications would a too short or too tall dog be disqualified from competing at future dog shows. Despite Defendants' attempt to minimize the impact of the Revised Standard, under this standard, 1 dogs and bitches which fail the height standards if not previously qualified as a Champion, will no longer be able to become a Champion, and 2 if a Champion dog or bitch is disqualified at three competitions, it will no longer be able to compete. Plaintiffs argue that the above quoted passage by focusing on registration illustrates that the Defendants misunderstand and minimize their injury: they are in the business of breeding and selling Championship Stock Labrador Retrievers. The effect of the Revised Standard is also disputed. Plaintiffs argue that at the Labrador Retriever Club of the Potomac Specialty Show they conducted a study of dogs. Moreover, the disqualification rate at shows since the implementation of the Revised Standard has, according to Plaintiffs, increased significantly. In fact, Plaintiffs argue that the disqualification rate would be higher but for the fact that exhibitors refrained from entering their dogs out of fear of disqualification. Defendants, in contrast, argue that the Revised Standard has had no discernible effect. Defendants also argue that this number is inflated because the short, broad Labrador Retrievers were deliberately entered in the show in order to manufacture evidence of damage to Plaintiffs. Defendants further challenge Plaintiffs' allegations that as a result of the Revised Standard the "supply of Championship Stock Labrador Retrievers will necessarily shrink, and, the demand for dogs that will remain qualified to compete under the Revised Standard will necessarily increase, with a concomitant increase in price. In fact, Defendants' expert, Jerry A. Hausman, a Professor of Economics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, concludes that price will not be affected because supply can easily be adjusted by the expedient of more frequent breeding of Labrador Retrievers. Affidavit of Jerry A. Additionally, the parties vigorously dispute the ease with which complying litters can be bred. Defendants contend that "height-disqualified dogs could easily be breed to taller or shorter dogs, and in 63 days a litter of dogs will result that likely will contain some taller or shorter conforming offspring at maturity. Plaintiffs argue that Defendants' assertion that their injury can be eliminated by breeding a new line of Championship Stock Labrador Retrievers in 63 days is erroneous: breed lines, according to Plaintiffs, cannot be altered in one generation and, moreover, the second and third generations of dogs usually return to the size of the original stock. This faction competes with the members of the Plaintiff Class in the relevant market". Plaintiffs further argue that "[w]ithout the ability to obtain championship status for their dogs, breeders who have spent years developing a reputation for producing championship lines will lose that reputation along with the good will they have painstakingly developed with their customers. Further, Plaintiffs argue that injunctive relief is appropriate because "[i]t is already inherently difficult to estimate the adverse impact on potential sales of puppies and demand for stud services under the Revised Standard. Defendants vigorously dispute the allegations in the Complaint and assert various defenses, including failure to state a claim. Defendants oppose Plaintiffs' request for injunctive relief on several theories, including that 1 Plaintiffs' injuries are self inflicted because they have refused to breed conforming dogs and are not irreparable, 2 Defendants are likely to prevail on the merits, and 3 the balance of hardships tip in Defendants' favor. Notably, Defendants characterize Plaintiffs' action as an aesthetic disagreement with the standard for Labrador Retrievers. At a hearing on July 6, , the Honorable Claude M. The preliminary injunction motion was filed in the Eastern District of Virginia on June 6, .The parties filed supplemental memoranda of law addressing Second Circuit law with respect to injunctive relief on August 5, .A hearing on Plaintiffs' motion was held on August 16, .In order to obtain a preliminary injunction in this Circuit, the applicant must show: a irreparable harm and b either 1 likelihood of success on the merits or 2 sufficiently serious questions going to the merits to make them a fair ground for litigation and a balance of hardships tipping decidedly toward the party requesting the preliminary relief. Deeper Life Christian Fellowship, Inc. Board of Education, F. Pendleton Woolen Mills, Inc. Significantly, the "Second Circuit has intimated that a disruption in business does not constitute irreparable harm. KFC Corp. Furthermore, "a preliminary injunction is an extraordinary remedy that should not be granted as a routine matter. Tray-Wrap, Inc. Plaintiffs' request for preliminary injunctive relief is not supported by the facts or the governing law. Indeed, Plaintiffs mischaracterize their own Owens, Jessup, Watkins and Price affidavits collectively, the "Affidavits". Owens and Jessup, whose activities include stud services, state that if "the Revised Standard remains in effect, my stud services business will suffer dramatically, possibly forcing me out of business. Plaintiffs repeatedly assert that the reputation necessary to compete in the market for breeding cannot be established overnight and that Championship Stock Labrador Retrievers are produced from breeders who have spent decades developing their breeding programs and reputations. JSG Trading Corp. Plaintiffs' evidence and arguments that they will suffer "possible" irreparable harm is of no legal moment. See, e. The breeders say I am possibly going out of business" emphasis added ; Hearing Transcript at 19, 77 same. After reviewing the Affidavits, the Court is not persuaded as a matter of fact that there is a likelihood of irreparable injury to Plaintiffs as opposed to a more remote possibility. The Court further finds that the evidence submitted does not reflect loss of goodwill or destruction of business sufficient to support a finding of likelihood of irreparable injury. There is no imminent threat to Plaintiffs' business as a whole as opposed to a temporary or partial disruption. See Jack Kahn Music, F. Plaintiffs' stock, by their own admission, will retain significant value. For example, Ms. Moreover, the Court concludes that Plaintiffs' Affidavits and arguments as well as statements of Plaintiffs' counsel demonstrate that Plaintiffs' damages, if any, are quantifiable in terms of lost future profits; thus, there is no irreparable injury necessitating preliminary injunctive relief. See Loveridge v. Pendleton, F. Additionally, here Plaintiffs seek to enjoin the use of the new standards, which are already in effect, and to restore the former standards. Movants, such as Plaintiffs, seeking a mandatory preliminary injunction, undoing the status quo, are subject to a heightened standard of proof. See SEC v. Unifund SAL, F. Plaintiffs have not met that heightened standard. See Reuters Ltd. United Press Int'l Inc. Nevertheless, the Court observes that the merits of Plaintiffs' claims, in particular their antitrust claims are, at best, weak. Plaintiffs' antitrust causes of action, as discussed above, are predicated upon an alleged conspiracy among Plaintiffs' competitors who are said to have caused LRC to recommend and AKC to adopt the Revised Standard. Neither the Complaint, nor the affidavits submitted in support of the instant motion, identify or refer to specific acts or activities suggesting any illegal agreement or concerted action by Defendants. Although reference is made to certain individuals connected with LRC and AKC, no concerted action is identified that would support a finding of illegal action. Moreover, the record is bereft of any evidence or allegation of illegal conduct by AKC. With respect to the balance of hardships, the Court observes that the relief requested by Plaintiffs would deprive Defendants of their ability to regulate the sport of purebred dogs and to define purebred conformity standards. Significantly, Defendants' experience and expertise in the area of purebred dogs is unchallenged. In the absence of a clear showing of irreparable injury and likelihood of success on the merits, the Court resists the suggestion that it should undertake to interfere with the conduct of the affairs of these sanctioning organizations and to substitute its judgment concerning matters affecting purebred dogs. Moreover, the Court finds that the relief requested by Plaintiffs, prior to an adverse determination on the merits, would pose hardship to Defendants and that their credibility as sanctioning organizations would be undermined. Courts have recognized that injury to a sanctioning body's authority and reputation is sufficient to deny injunctive relief. See Heldman v. Lawn Tennis Ass'n, F. The parties are directed to appear for a pre-trial conference on September 21, at a. The parties shall be prepared to discuss, among other things, the timing of a class certification motion and a discovery schedule. You already receive all suggested Justia Opinion Summary Newsletters. You can explore additional available newsletters here. Sign up for our free summaries and get the latest delivered directly to you. Our Suggestions:. If You Are Taking Your Pet on A Plane, the TSA Has Advice She has treated French bulldogs with breathing difficulties, and she stresses that would-be owners need to research breeders and health testing and to recognize that problems can be expensive to treat. But she's no Frenchie foe. She owns two and has conditioned them to run agility courses and take hilly hikes. The stats are based on nearly , puppies and other dogs newly registered last year — about 1 in every 7 of them a Frenchie. Registration is voluntary. The most rarely owned? English foxhounds. The AKC's top 10 were: French bulldogs, Labrador retrievers, golden retrievers, German shepherds, poodles, bulldogs, Rottweilers, beagles, dachshunds and German shorthaired pointers. With roots in England and then France, French bulldogs became chic among American elites around the turn of the 20th century, then faded from favor. That changed, rapidly, in this century. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez gave the dogs fresh exposure. Still more came last year, when U. Last year, about , newly registered French bulldogs surpassed Labs by over 21, As a longtime breeder and a veterinarian, Dr. The Westlake, Ohio-based vet has seen plenty of Frenchies with problems but rejects arguments that the breed is inherently unhealthy. Some of her own do canine performance sports. Some other breeds are prone to ailments ranging from hip dysplasia to cancers, and mixed-breed dogs also can get sick. The American Kennel Club released their annual popularity ranking for dog breeds in the United States. Lori Teller says. To animal rights and welfare activists, the French bulldog frenzy puts a snorting, panting face on problems with dog breeding in general. A new breathing test made its U. Prospective purebred owners should explore breeders' history and health testing, accept waiting for a puppy, and ask themselves whether they're prepared for the responsibility, the AKC says.

Breeds The link has been copied! Few dogs are as intelligent and loyal as German Shepherds. With its athletic build and remarkable drive, this working breed makes excellent companions, herding dogs, police K-9s, and therapy animals. How much does a German Shepherd cost? The price of a German Shepherd puppy can vary a lot from one breeder to another. German Shepherds are active and need plenty of stimulation. Flea and tick preventatives are a must-have. You might face additional costs such as pet insurance, training classes, boarding fees, or dog walkers. Puppies tend to cost more due to the high demand. However, professional breeders charge a lot more. Professional breeders usually conduct health testing for the parents. Elbow and hip dysplasia and degenerative myelopathy are the two main tests to look for when adopting a GSD puppy. Prenatal care for the mother can be expensive. These costs can include bloodwork, ultrasounds, and X-rays. Most breeders raise the puppies for the first eight to 12 weeks. They provide nutrition, a living space, socialization, and sometimes early training. Puppies typically receive veterinary care, including a first round of booster shots and a deworming treatment. Colors German Shepherds can come in a few different colors. Black and tan and black and cream are the most common GSD colors. However, there are rarer colors, like black and silver, sable, or black. These colors meet the official breed standards, and a puppy with an unusual color can be worth more. Bloodline and Purity One of the key factors that influences the cost of a GSD puppy is the parents and their pedigrees. A breeder will look at how well the parents match the AKC breed standards. Both parents should be the right height and color. They should have a muscular morphology and the proper head shape. Breeders who are able to trace the ancestry of a litter over several generations and document that all the ancestors are purebred GSDs will charge more. You should also expect to pay more if a breeder can provide health testing information over several generations. Titles are another important factor. Show dogs can receive V, VA, or VA1 titles if they do well at an event and judges determine they meet all the standards of the breed. An IGP3 title indicates that a dog can protect its owner. Parents with IGP or IPO titles produce puppies that are worth more since breeders consider these animals to have excellent potential for training. A breeder who has an excellent reputation and many positive online reviews will attract more prospective dog owners and can afford to charge more. You can protect your dog with a microchip, but there are other steps you can take. The Fi GPS tracking dog collar helps you keep your dog safe. The design is highly resistant and waterproof for durability, and the collar comes with a battery that lasts three months. You can track your pet anywhere and locate them easily if they get lost. There are a few things you should know about this working breed. Personality of the German Shepherd German Shepherds are fiercely loyal. They make excellent guard dogs thanks to their protective instincts. They also make amazing pets who will give you lots of affection. GSDs are reliable and hardworking dogs who thrive if you constantly give them new tasks and challenges. These dogs are extremely versatile. German Shepherds have amazing potential and tend to do extremely well in training thanks to their drive and intelligence. However, they require consistent training and handling since they can be mouthy, chase prey, or become overprotective without the right training. Size and Weight German Shepherds are medium to large dogs. When it comes to weight, a healthy male will weigh 66 to 88 lbs. Lifestyle and Activity Levels German Shepherds are a working breed. Their origin dates back to the 19th century when dog breeder Max Von Stephanitz developed a new dog by breeding different herding dogs. Like all shepherds, GSDs have a strong need to stay active. Due to their athletic build, these dogs need at least two hours of exercise every day. Going for walks might not be sufficient. Your GSD will thrive if you provide plenty of opportunities to use their athletic abilities, including jumping, swimming, or running. Approximate Lifetime Care Costs The total cost of owning a German Shepherd is difficult to estimate since every animal is different. German Shepherds can be expensive. Here are a few tips to help you lower the cost. Look for a breeder who cares about the animals and who does health testing on the parents, but everything else is extra. You should also consider adopting a dog with an unknown lineage. Check local shelters or go online to look at classified ads. Check classified ads to find owners rehoming their pets. If you decide to get a German Shepherd, think about using the Fi GPS dog collar to keep your dog safe, and make sure you can bring your puppy home if she gets lost. Get more expert advice on pet-parenting by visiting the Off Leash blog at TryFi. TryFi's The Fi Dog Collar is a must-have for any pet parent, it's a GPS tracking collar that helps you keep tabs on your dog's location, activity, and sleep patterns, and alerts you if they escape your backyard. Try the Fi Dog Collar today! The link has been copied! You might also like. Apart from recurring costs such as dog food, toys, and grooming essentials, a great chunk of your finances must go to routine veterinary care and pet insurance. Annual check-ups should be done on adult German Shepherds to check their physical condition and ensure they are healthy dogs. This involves listening to the heart and checking the ears and eyes. The typical lifespan of a GSD is 7 to 10 years. Other Potential Expenses Owning a dog is already comparable to parenthood. German Shepherds, much like any other dog breed, have other needs that go beyond food, water, and shelter. Your dog will be watched over, fed, and socialized with other dogs. Grooming Services: For your GSD to have a well-maintained coat and appearance, you should take them to a professional grooming salon. They will be cleaned, trimmed, and pampered as they deserve. Emergency Treatment: Dogs grow up so fast. As your German Shepherd puppy gets older, they are more prone to health issues like hip dysplasia. Sudden injuries can also happen that will require immediate medical attention and treatment. This will allow them to join various dog shows and other competitions. Places to Find German Shepherd Puppies for Sale and Adoption Once you plan everything out financially, you are ready to find places where you can buy your German Shepherd puppy. Cheap German Shepherd dogs can be bought from puppy mills or a backyard breeder. Buying from responsible breeders is the best option to get healthy puppies that will grow up to be strong adult dogs. To help on your quest, here is a list of breeders certified by the American Kennel Club that offer high-quality German Shepherd puppies: Vom Ragnar German Shepherds — This is a small kennel located in Illinois dedicated to breeding show-quality German Shepherds with sound temperament and the best condition because they have their puppies undergo health testing. This breeder strives to match their GSD pups to the most suited families. Mittelwest German Shepherds — As a well-renowned breeder, the owner ensures that they only produce show-quality German Shepherd puppies that can serve as show dogs, guard dogs, K-9, and much more. They also import and ship their dogs worldwide. West Coast German Shepherds — If you are located in California, this breeder can offer you a health-tested German Shepherd puppy coming from the best bloodlines. Buying the cheapest puppies online seems tempting, especially if you are on a budget, but you might spend more in the future due to medical expenses. To easily distinguish a responsible breeder from a puppy mill or backyard breeder, check out our puppy buying guide. Are you considering adopting a German Shepherd instead of buying from a breeder? If you are, this list can help you find the perfect GSD pup for you: German Shepherd Rescue and Adoptions — Based in North Carolina, this non-profit organization was established to protect and promote the German Shepherd breed. German Shepherd Rescue of Orange County — This volunteer organization is all about placing unwanted, neglected, and abused German Shepherds into permanent, loving homes. Applicants are encouraged to meet up with their chosen dog prior to adoption. Matching their rescue dogs to a suitable owner is their top priority, along with the restoration of their health. For more chances of finding your lifelong companion, check out this list of the 10 best German Shepherd rescues. You can surely find one in your location! Adoption is the cheapest alternative to getting a German Shepherd Dog, and this is more suggested than buying from backyard breeders. Buy high-quality items. You will spend more on replacing them rather than having good products that can last for a longer time. Purchase supplies in bulk. When buying food or treats for your pup, make sure to stock up by buying them in bulk. This can save you a lot of money than buying small bags of kibble or cans of wet food. Keep your dog in excellent shape. To avoid expensive veterinary bills, keep your German Shepherd puppy fit and healthy. Do this by feeding them high-quality dog food equipped with the right nutrients. Groom your GSD at home. Instead of going to a professional groomer, learn to groom your German Shepherd puppy at home. All you need to do is buy the basic grooming tools and research how to groom your dog effectively. Plan your finances accordingly so no one will have to suffer in the long run. They are highly intelligent and loyal dogs that will protect you at all costs. Buying one from a reputable breeder is worth the hefty purchase price than purchasing from backyard breeders or puppy mills. On another note, you can adopt from a local rescue organization, but make sure to ask about any current health conditions that the dog may have. Aside from the financial aspect, make sure you are prepared for the full responsibility of being a German Shepherd puppy owner. Now you know how much German Shepherds cost, are you ready to own one? Share your thoughts in the comments below. My passion for animals started at a very young age as I grow up on a farm with several horses, cows, cats, chickens, and dogs on our property. Leave a Comment. German Shepherds are considered healthy dogs that can live many years. You must be able to pay for these dogs every month of their lives. For the most part, providing your dog with a lot of exercise and high-quality food will prevent the dog from developing unforeseen health issues. You will need to buy a dog-safe toothpaste, dog-safe shampoo, and certain medications, such as heartworm prevention, to keep your dog healthy its entire life. Not only do you have to feed your German Shepherd a lot of food, but you want to feed your dog food that is high quality and healthy. As long as your dog does not have any known illnesses or issues, you should not have to pay monthly prices. At the minimum, you should take your German Shepherd for an annual visit, assuming it is healthy. You also need to pay for flea, tick, and heartworm prevention. Most of these medications last for 1 to 3 months at a time. It is completely up to you whether or not you decide to get pet insurance. If you are interested in getting health insurance for your new pet, Lemonade offers customizable insurance plans and responsive customer service. If you do not want to pay for pet insurance, you can simply set up a savings account instead. So long as you have a house and a yard for your dog to play, the home environment is generally suitable for dogs. Some environmental maintenance things you will need to buy include doggie bags. You need these if you take your dog for a walk or if you have a yard that you have to maintain. You may also need to pay for carpet cleaner, deodorizer, and other items to keep the house clean, despite your heavy shedding German Shepherd. This means that your German Shepherd can help you out when you are in a pinch, but it also means that you need to provide your German Shepherd ample entertainment, or else your dog could become destructive. At the very minimum, you need to buy heavy-duty toys for your German Shepherd. German Shepherds can be really rough with their toys. So, we recommend some sort of brand specific for rough-playing dogs, such as Kong. These boxes will offer toys, treats, and more for your dog, but these boxes can be pretty expensive too. Additional Costs to Factor In In addition to initial costs and monthly payments, there are some other additional factors you need to think about. For starters, obedience training is really important for dogs of this size. Obedience training can be a bit expensive at first, but it will be worth it in the long run. You need to pay for a pet sitter or kennel whenever you go on vacations and your dog does not come with you. If you are buying a German Shepherd puppy, you may also have to pay to replace or fix items the puppy damages. Think about accidents or unforeseen illnesses too. These can cost a whole lot in vet visits. Owning a German Shepherd on a Budget If you want a German Shepherd but are worried about destroying your budget, there are ways that you can own one of these wonderful dogs without spending a fortune either. Unfortunately, there is little you can change about the price of these dogs up front, but you can save on the monthly expenses. The most important tip for taking care of a German Shepherd on a budget is to know when to splurge. When it comes to dog food, make sure to select high-quality food. This will be more expensive upfront, but it will ensure that your dog is healthy for as long as possible, resulting in fewer bills. Splurging on heavy-duty toys is another great idea. These toys will cost more at first, but they should last much longer than cheap ones. For instance, there are a lot of coupons and promo codes you can use when purchasing toys, food, and other items for your German Shepherd. Even if you find coupons, only spend money on the essentials. Not to mention, buy crates and beds that are suitable for the dog as it grows. Many people make the mistake of buying crates and beds suitable for the puppy, but the puppy soon outgrows them. The initial cost primarily accounts for the dog itself and any other items required when bringing the dog home for the first time. Even after the German Shepherd has made your home its home, you will still have to pay some pretty hefty bills for the remainder of its life. Although the initial and monthly costs for this dog are a bit high, they are required for this dog to live a happy life. If you cannot afford to provide a German Shepherd the sort of life it needs and deserves, simply do not get a German Shepherd. If your breeder had not run these genetic tests on your dog—or if you adopt a German Shepherd from a rescue or shelter, you can run the Embark Dog DNA Test using a simple saliva test you can perform at home. Dogs with CLAD, type III typically exhibit symptoms such as recurrent ear infections, skin infections, pneumonia, and other respiratory infections. Dogs with DM first lose coordination in their hind legs, then they lose muscle mass and eventually the ability to walk. It is caused by a lack of one of the proteins needed for blood to clot properly. Dogs with hemophilia A will often suffer from uncontrolled bleeding, most commonly into the joints. Uric acid is a waste product that is normally eliminated from the body through the kidneys. When the kidneys are not able to remove enough uric acid, it builds up in the blood and can cause health problems. Dogs with hyperuricosuria are at risk for developing bladder stones, kidney stones, and other health problems. P-glycoprotein is involved in the transport of drugs and other molecules across cell membranes. Drugs that are known to cause adverse reactions in MDR1 dogs include digoxin, ivermectin, loperamide, and milbemycin. There are several different types of MPS, each caused by a deficiency in a specific enzyme needed to break down mucopolysaccharides. It is caused by a genetic mutation that impairs the ability of the blood to clot properly. This can lead to frequent and sometimes severe bleeding events which can be difficult to control, even with the help of medications. Dogs with this condition are at an increased risk for bleeding and may require lifelong monitoring and medical management. Symptoms include weight loss, decreased appetite, vomiting, and increased water consumption. Affected dogs have problems with the development of their skin, hair, nails, and teeth. They may also have problems with sweating and the function of their tears and salivary glands. Dogs with this disorder usually have a very thin coat of hair, often with areas that are bald or have very thin hair. Their skin may be dry and cracked, and they may develop sores on their skin. Nails may be abnormally shaped or missing altogether, and teeth may be missing or poorly developed. Dogs with X-linked ectodermal dysplasia often experience overheating. Attend a sanctioned dog show and talk with breeders and competitors for recommendations. Ask your veterinarian for recommendations regarding reputable breeders. Check the Facebook page of the breeder and read through the comments. Remember, however, that comments can be deleted by the page owner. The breeder should be happy to share the name and contact information for customers. Ask questions. Lots of questions. The breeder should be glad to share the test results from the health tests and screenings and should be happy to let you meet at least the mother if not the sire as well of the German Shepherd Dog puppies. Ask how often the dogs are bred. Ask to tour the kennels. Are they well maintained? Do the dogs look healthy? Beware of operations that will not let you tour the kennels and breeders that want to meet you in a parking lot to hand over the puppy. Be prepared for questions. The breeder should ask YOU questions as well; be suspicious if the breeder has no questions about your past history with pets, your living situation, etc. The breeder should want to know how much experience you have with herding breeds, what your training plans are and your plans for exercising the dog. Ask if the breeder will take the German Shepherd puppy—or adult dog—back if necessary. Ask for a contract. If medical problems are diagnosed, the breeder should readily take the pup back and provide a full refund. German Shepherd breeders may adopt out of the area but, nonetheless, you will want to go to the breeder to meet the parents, view the kennels and bring home your puppy in person. This will add to your expenses—but breeders that transport a puppy by air are putting the dog at risk. If you want to buy a German Shepherd Dog from an online breeder, please think again. There are numerous scams; people spend thousands of dollars for a dog and never receive a puppy. AKC warns potential pet parents to be wary of any seller asking for payment by Venmo, in gift cards or as a wire transfer. Dogs purchased from puppy mills can mean years of heartache and expensive veterinary care—and perpetuation of a cruel industry. The pros of purchasing from a German Shepherd breeder: You may be able to select a puppy—including a choice of gender. A reputable breeder will be passionate about German Shepherds and will a resource for years to come. The cons of purchasing from a German Shepherd breeder You will pay far more for a cattle dog from a breeder than a rescue or shelter. If you find a breeder who has German Shepherd puppies for sale at prices much lower than you are seeing from other breeders, you must suspect you are dealing with a backyard breeder who has not done health screening, with an online seller who is operating a puppy mill or with someone who is running a scam. You will need to wait until puppies are available. You will need to do your own due diligence to select a reputable breeder. German Shepherd Dogs in rescues are far less expensive that those at a breeder. Puppies under a year old will be the most costly. This group provides funding to a network of GSD rescues — they do not have dogs themselves for adoption. They have a list of affiliated rescues that can help located adoptable GSDs in your region. A breed rescue is, like the name suggests, a pet rescue that is specifically for one breed of dog. These are generally small non-profit groups that operate through a foster system of volunteers who love the breed. German Shepherd rescues specialize in German Shepherds of all ages; some have primarily purebred German Shepherds while others may also have adoptable Belgian Malinois and Dutch Shepherds. How to Find Breed Rescues Along with the list mentioned above, many breed rescues list their adoptable dogs on large adoption sites such as:. If a breeder tries to tell you that his puppies are healthy because their parents never had any issues — do not believe him! It is impossible to diagnose e. Where can you find cheap German Shepherd Dogs? The question is — do you want to purchase a dog with questionable health and temperament? These dogs often are not purebred German Shepherd puppies, but are mixed with e. Labradors, Pitbulls or Golden Retrievers. If you end up with a dog with genetically based health conditions however, be prepared to spend a multiple of the original purchase price on vet costs! Temperament and behavior While a lot of good manners can be taught through consistent training, temperament is genetic to a certain level. When you buy an extra cheap German Shepherd puppy, you not only get a dog with questionable health, but also with unpredictable temperament! Even aggression can be genetic and can be passed on from the mom and dad to the offspring. You can save yourself a lot of time, nerves and money spent on future behavioral training by getting a well-bred and more expensive dog. What is the most expensive type of German Shepherd? Like in many dog breeds, certain rare German Shepherd colors are much more expensive than the most common colors and patterns. It is much more important that your puppy has a sound temperament and fits in well with your family and lifestyle than that he has a certain rare look. These dogs are mutts German Shepherds mixed with Miniature Poodles, Shelties or other smaller breeds. Once more, be certain to not decide on your future dog based on looks alone. A stable temperament and good health is much more integral than a certain size or weight. Working lines vs show lines The German Shepherd was originally bred as a working dog. Since his original use as a shepherd dog however, he has filled many different roles — from guarding properties over being used in the show ring to participating in Schutzhund and IPO trails. Depending on which lines your German Shepherd Dog comes from, the prices can vary a lot! Show line German Shepherds are the dogs that are bred for conformation shows. These are the type of dogs you should decide on if you would like a shepherd puppy as a pet and companion animal. If you are interested in using your German Shepherd as a protection dog and to participate in IPO trials, you should pick one from working lines. There are a lot of highly successful working line breeders both in North America and Europe. For this price, you get an absolutely flawless dog with extensive skills and perfect obedience. Some US dog owners interested in Schutzhund choose to import a puppy from old European working lines. While this might sound insanely high for a pet dog owner, for Schutzhund enthusiasts it is a typical price for a pedigreed German Shepherd pup. How much does it cost a month to own a German Shepherd? This will cover the basics: high-quality food and regular vet checks. Some German Shepherd owners spend considerably more money. Professional grooming is necessary for many German Shepherd owners, as these dogs shed heavily. This breeds tends to exhibit several behavioral issues that can be difficult to fix for first-time dog owners, including: Separation anxiety.

Above: Mini F1b, Curly. Above: Mini F1, Wavy. Coats can vary in color. A good way to predict adult color is to look at the ears of the puppy. In addition, consider the pedigree when expecting a litter. It is hard to understand the complexity of the gene pool when mating. From my experience, red is considered a dilute gene of black. When red is bred with white, black or brown, black is dominate and pups are black. Two red parents, will make red or apricot. However, to carry the true red gene is very rare. Red can often fade with maturity. Many breeders boast about having red as it is highly sought after, but it can and may fade with time. I make a good effort at trying to produce red, but it is more rare. Brown and black also produce black. Two browns will make brown. Red can be so dark red that it is considered mahogany or rust. My Sangria, F1 mini-goldendoodle female is an example of this beautiful color. I do not claim to be an expert in the study, nor do I make any guarantees on future adult color. In breeds like the cocker spaniel, the red will be apricot as a pup, but can become dark red with maturity. Spots can also widen with maturity or appear to have moved around as they broadened out. In designer breeds, the puppy can look completely different as an adult then how it did as a puppy. You may notice this at the very first haircut. As much as we love color, we need to pay more attention to the temperament of the puppy and make sure the puppy is very socialized and loved, especially during the critical stage of development up to 5 months. See my temperament testing page for more information on this. Loose and wavy: This is the most common type of coat found in a goldendoodle such as an F1. They are considered low to non-shed. They are easy to maintain. You may want to brush in the common friction areas such as behind the ears, hind quarters, and underarms. Bodily brushing about once a week. Straight: These coats are considered flat or sporty like the golden retriever. They are the easiest to maintain and need minimal brushing. They will have some shed. Curly: These coats can be easily identified with the crimping on the forehead as a pup. They are most common in F1bs. Their coats can have "loose curl" or "tight curl. Examples: Above: "Loose and wavy" as a puppy at 5 weeks old. This is an example of an F1. Left: "Curly" as a puppy. Puppy at 5 weeks old. F1b, crimping on forhead visible. Right: "Straight" at 5 months. This coat type typically can be found in F1 litters. No crimping on forehead or ears. Left: tight curl as an adult. Right: "Curly" at 10 weeks old. More squiggles on forehead than "loose and wavy" type. Notice the difference. This is an example of an F1b. This coat type is best for those that have allergies and desire lots of curl. An excellent example of a loose and wavy coat. This dog is an F1 miniature goldendoodle from Ginger and Tamale. Some of Ginger's puppies do throw the sport coat. It can be difficult to predict how the coats will turn out as adults, but we do our best to look for wavy features in the early stages. In the end, unless you have allergies, please understand they are so much more than just how they look. You get what you get and don't throw a fit! I do my best to help you pick out what you desire, but please note, I do not guarantee coat quality. Puppies are not an item I can stock on the shelf. Mother nature is in control. Many F1s will develop their wave after they go through their coat change at 5 months of age. It can take even up to 8 months to see the true coat quality. Minimal to non-shedding, hypoallergenic for Goldendoodles that are F1b and multi-gen Common in F1b and Multigen Goldendoodles. But exists in all generation types The Wavy Coat Minimal to non-shedding, mostly hypoallergenic Found in all generations of the Goldendoodle. Image source: doodlecreek. It is sometimes called the flat coat and is also common in other dog breeds like the chihuahua and the Golden Retriever. Goldendoodles that inherit the non-curly trait from their parents usually end up with a straight coat type. Since the Golden Retriever is one of the parent breeds responsible for the Goldendoodle, it is clear that a Goldendoodle with a straight coat usually inherits this coat type from the Golden Retriever parent. And it can be found mostly in Goldendoodles of the standard F1 generation. One important characteristic of a Goldendoodle with a straight coat is that they shed a lot more fur than the other 2 Goldendoodle coat types. This means Goldendoodles with straight Goldendoodle coats are not hypoallergenic as they can be bad for people suffering from dog allergies. Cut down on how often you brush your Goldendoodles fur if it is a straight coat. Regular brushing would lead to heavy shedding and more dog fur around the house. They are relatively cheap and could help you take great care of your Goldendoodle straight coat without the risk of excess shedding. Even with that, there are other benefits the curly coat adds to the Goldendoodle. An example would be the level of shedding it offers. Curly coat types are less likely to shed than the straight coat and as such are more hypoallergenic. Curly-coat Goldendoodles can be found in all generations of Goldendoodle, but the possibility of getting a Goldendoodle with a curly coat is almost half, in first-generation breeding. To get a curly coat, a Goldendoodle puppy must inherit one curly gene from each parent of the Goldendoodle. Regular brushing and general grooming are a lot easier as the puppy sheds a lot less. It is in between the curly and the straight coats and has also been classified as low to non-shedding and is therefore hypoallergenic. A Goldendoodle puppy with a wavy or shaggy coat is known to inherit one curly gene and one straight gene from both the Golden Retriever and Poodle parent genes. And this coat type can be found in all generations of the Goldendoodle. Just like the curly coat, you would need to regularly groom and brush the fur of the Goldendoodle with a wavy coat. This is to prevent the hairs from tangling up. It can be a bit difficult trying to predict the exact coat type your Goldendoodle puppy will end up with as genetics can be a little tricky, but how do you tell what coat your Goldendoodle will have? Luckily they are a few methods experienced and reputable breeders use. The more waves or crimps the puppy has, the more curly its hair would be. If the puppy has a rather smooth face with no puppy beard or hair, the chances are that it would end up with a straight or flat coat type. Again, a reputable breeder should know all these, so it is always better to ask them these questions and more before choosing the puppy for you. Goldendoodle Coat Stages From Puppy To Adulthood It is a known fact that Goldendoodles get to change their coats from puppy to adulthood, and as we just learned, there are good methods to help in figuring out what exact coat type your Goldendoodle would end up with while in its adult stage. But when do Goldendoodles lose their puppy coat? Well first off, it is worth noting that the Goldendoodle has two coat stages, the puppy coat stage and the final coat stage. The puppy coat stage lasts from age 0 to 8 months. At this stage, the puppy is born with a very soft coat that is super easy to groom and care for. As the Goldendoodle puppy matures further, it begins to grow into the final coat stage. This adult coat stage starts from 8 months and above. At this stage, the coat of the Goldendoodle becomes a lot more stiff and thick. It can be a little bit difficult to groom and care for and could be either shaggy, straight, or curly. Grooming Your Goldendoodles Caring for its Coat One thing that can be agreed upon from all three coat types of the Goldendoodle is the importance of grooming. Your Goldendoodles coat can only look and feel good when groomed properly. Depending on the exact Goldendoodle coat, how often you groom your Goldendoodle should vary. You can opt to do it yourself or hire a professional with more experience than you have. Here are some basic tips to help you. Wash your Goldendoodle at most once a month with a great quality shampoo. All Goldendoodle coat types aside, the straight coat requires regular brushing. This should be done to get rid of loose hair. The ears should be kept clean. Use an ear cleaner to get rid of the excess moisture that could build up from baths. Which Goldendoodle Coat is The Best? Now that we know all we need to know about each Goldendoodle coat type, which Goldendoodle coat is best for you? It all depends on what works best for you. If you do suffer from dog hair allergies, you can consider getting a Goldendoodle with a curly coat or a wavy coat. Another factor to look out for would be the teddy bear look. Most dog owners love the teddy bear look that Goldendoodles come in. And they are also hypoallergenic. In the end, Goldendoodles are a truly versatile breed. There you have it. All you need to know about the various Goldendoodle coat types alongside various tips on properly grooming your Goldendoodle. Do ensure to check out the website for more engaging and informative content. Related Content You May Find Interesting Mother Nature always has the final say Nature work can work in mysterious ways, and there are really no guarantees when it comes to predicting what coat types your dog will have. Even understanding whether Goldendoodles have hair or fur or whether they are hypoallergenic can be challenging. There are some subtle hints that you can follow to help guess the coat type of your new Goldendoodle. So, you cannot always go by what you see when your Goldendoodle is a puppy, as this may change as your dog ages. There are 3 different steps you can do to help you determine what coat type your Goldendoodle will have. Look at the fur around its mouth. When trying to determine the different hair coats that your Goldendoodle puppy may have, first start by looking at the hair around the muzzle and face. This will help tell you what kind of hair your dog may have. Curly coated dogs will often have lots of curls on their mustache and beard. Shaggy and wavy hair coats will have straight hair on the muzzle and have what you would think of as a beard on a dog. Goldendoodles who have straight hair will have short hair on their muzzle and no beard. Sarah Ochoa, DVM When your puppy is firstborn, and as they are growing, it can be very hard to tell what coat type your puppy may have. At first, they may all be very similar. Usually, the facial hair can clue you into what type of coat your puppy will have. Consider How your dog was Bred. Genetics plays a big factor in the hair type and hair color of all dogs. When trying to get a certain coat type for your Goldendoodle, look at their parents, and even grandparents coat types. The genes that are expressed their will help indicate what type of coat yours will have. Their offspring are Goldendoodles. These Goldendoodles can then be bred to make more Goldendoodles. Also, a Goldendoodle can be mixed with another poodle or Golden Retriever. Depending on what mix you use will cause varying differences in their hair coats. No matter what mix you can usually make three different coat types. Coat length, furnishings, and non-curl gene that results in a flat coat all depend on the poodle parent and golden retriever parent and what kind of coat genes they had. How to Breed a Goldendoodle to Get the Hair coat you want When looking for a specific coat type, you can look at how your Goldendoodle was bred. When trying to understand the breeding of a Goldendoodle, you may think that you will need to take a little lesson in genetics to help you. This is very easily explained below. By understanding these different ways of breeding, can help you understand what will cause your Goldendoodles to have a certain hair type. These are the common crosses used to make Goldendoodles. This makes an F1. These dogs tend to have wavy or curly hair. After you complete this first cross, there are many different options for producing more Goldendoodles. This may be the most popular type of Goldendoodle. This means that your dog will have a split between the traits of these two dogs. These different crosses are known as F2 or second-generation crosses. These are considered second-generation Goldendoodles or F2. These are called F1B. This is done to bring out more of the poodle traits in the Goldendoodle. If you want a Goldendoodle with a coat very similar to a poodle, this is a great breeding that you will want to look for. These dogs are also very low to non-shedding and usually allergy-free. This dog will be more like a Golden Retriever with less curly hair. Since this dog will have more of the traits of a Golden Retriever, they will also shed more. This cross is not ideal if you have pet-related allergies. This is not a very popular cross as the reasons most people buy a Goldendoodle is for the non-shedding and low allergen dog. Get An Older Goldendoodle While most people want to get their Goldendoodle when they are younger, there are many older Goldendoodles that also need a great loving home. Many breeders will offer older dogs at a discount too. This is the easiest way to get the coat type that you want since they have already lost their puppy coats and have developed the adult coat. Your Goldendoodle can be up to 8 months old before their true coat type is shown. Most Goldendoodles, you can get a good guess at around 4 months, but these pups are growing and changing that even their hair type can change. Most of these dogs will have their adult hair coat between 6 to 8 months, and then you can for sure be able to tell what type of adult coat your dog will have. Most people get their dogs around 8 to 12 weeks, sometimes before then. While the coat type that they have then will be very close to what their hair will look like as an adult, it can always change as they grow. What are the different types of Coats that My Goldendoodle may have? Your Golden doodle can have 3 different coat type or any mixture of the three. Some dogs can actually have all 3 coat types. These are a description of the 3 common coat types seen in Goldendoodles: Shaggy or wavy hair Shaggy or Wavy coat is the most common hair type, and most popular hair type wanted in Goldendoodles. This coat is a mixture of the two parents. The curly Poodle mixed with a straight Golden Retriever makes a soft wavy or shaggy appearance in Goldendoodle puppies. This hair type is known as a teddy bear coat since they resemble a teddy bear. This hair type will require regular brushing to keep them clean and tangle-free. The great thing about this hair coat is that it is usually little to no shedding making it great for people who have pet allergies. These dogs are usually groomed, so they always resemble a teddy bear. This can take some time and patients for your dog to learn to tolerate their grooming. Curly Hair Tight curly hair is very similar to the curly coats of Poodles. Multigenerational goldendoodles are more likely to have this coat. It is closest to non shedding. Some poodles will have curls that are very tight and close to the skin, but some will have loose barrel ringlets. If your Goldendoodle puppy has curls they will need regular grooming to keep them from becoming matted and their hair from taking over. Some pet owners will have their Goldendoodle trimmed short to help avoid matting. This hair type is the second most popular but is very popular with people who have pet allergies. This hair sheds the least and is the most hypoallergenic of the three coat types. Many people who never could have a dog because of their allergies have found it possible to have Goldendoodles with curly coats. Curly Goldendoodles are the most sought after, but they take multiple goldendoodle generations to achieve. If shedding matters to you, choose a reputable breeder. Hypoallergenic Goldendoodles are developed with extensive commitment to breeding dogs, including DNA testing, monitoring what genes each litter is liekly to inherit, and looking for just the right curly coats to breed to produce the curl people want without sacrificing temperament. This hair type is probably the easiest coat to maintain and is a great choice for people who have very little time for the daily brushing the other two types require. The downside to the straight coat is that they will shed. They are also not able to achieve the famous teddy bear look. The teddy bear look is the reason that most of the dogs are sought after. Although many people consider it an improper coat, the short coat with eyebrows can be very cute, and while there may be more dander, there will also be fewer knots. The one thing that makes these dogs look very different than the other two hair types is that these coats usually do not grow a beard around their muzzle. They will have a muzzle very similar to Goldens. Mixed Hair Types Some Goldendoodles can even have a mixed hair type. They may have tight curls around their face and long feathered hair on their legs. Their bodies or ears may have wavy hair. They often have a wavy or shaggy coat overall. These types can require lots of upkeep, as each section will need a different type of grooming to keep them looking great. On the other hand, these three coat types and the variations can create wavy or shaggy coats that are very cute. The smooth face paired with a curly coat collar is a lot of fun. Most people think that this is very easy to determine that their dog will be the same color that they are when they are born. As your puppy is growing and hair type possibly changing, so can their coat color. Your chocolate Goldendoodle puppy may fade to a Parchment color as they get older. There are many different colors that your Goldendoodle may come in. These are the 10 different colors seen in Goldendoodles: Chalk white.